Kullui

Not to be confused with the Kulu language.

Kullui (Kullū, also known as Kulvi, Takri: 𑚊𑚰𑚥𑚷𑚱𑚃/𑚊𑚰𑚥𑚷𑚱𑚦𑚯) is Western Pahari language spoken in the Kullu District of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.

Kullui
𑚊𑚰𑚥𑚷𑚱𑚃, कुळूई, kuḷūī
Kuḷūī written in Takri Script
Native to	India
Region	Himachal Pradesh
Native speakers	196,295 (2011)[1]
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Northern Western Pahari Kullui
Writing system	Takri, Devanagari
Language codes
ISO 639-3	kfx
Glottolog	kull1236
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Phonology

Consonants

	Bilabial		Dental		Alveolar		Retroflex		Palatal		Velar		Pharyngeal	Glottal
Plosive	p pʰ	b bʱ	t̪ t̪ʰ	d̪ d̪ʱ			ʈ ʈʰ	ɖ ɖʱ			k kʰ	ɡ ɡʱ		ʔ
Affricate					ts tsʰ	dz dzʱ			c͡ç c͡çʰ	ɟ͡ʝ ɟ͡ʝʱ
Fricative					s				ɕ				ħ	ɦ
Nasal	m		n̪				ɳ		ɲ		ŋ
Trill/Flap					r		ɽ
Lateral					l		ɭ
Approximant									j

For the stops and affricates there is a four-way distinction in phonation between tenuis /p/, voiced /b/, aspirated /pʰ/ and breathy voiced /bʱ/ series. Thakur (1975, pp. 175–8) lists as separate phonemes aspirated correlates of /ŋ/, /n/, /m/, /j/, /r/, /ɽ/, /l/ and /ɭ/, but describes the aspiration as a voiceless pharyngeal friction. /n̪/ is dental, but becomes alveolar if the next syllable contains a retroflex consonant. /ŋ/ and /ɲ/ are rare, but contrast with the other nasals word-medially between vowels. /ɳ/, /ɭ/ and /ɽ/, together with their aspirated correlates, don't occur in the beginning of words.^[2] The glottal stop occurs only between a vowel and /ɳ/, /n/, /r/ or /l/, e.g. [kɑːʔɭ] "a trumpet", which contrasts with [kɑːɭ] "famine". The pharyngeal fricative /ħ/ historically derives from /s/ and occurs word-finally, e.g. [ɡʱɑːħ] "grass", [biːħ] "twenty".^[3]

Script

The native script of the language is a variety of the Takri script.

Sample text in Takri

Status

The language is commonly called Pahari or Himachali.^{[citation needed]} The language has no official status. According to the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), the language is of definitely endangered category, i.e. many Kulluvi children are not learning Kulluvi as their mother tongue any longer.^[4]