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Kyrgyz Horse

Breed of horse From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Kyrgyz Horse
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The Kyrgyz Horse or Kirgiz Horse is a traditional breed of small horse from the Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzstan).[2] Kyrgyz people associate it with their nomadic past.[4]:12 During the Soviet era of Kyrgyz history, the Kyrgyz Horse was cross-bred with imported foreign breeds, including Don and Thoroughbred strains, to create a new and larger breed, the Novokirgiz or New Kirgiz.[3]:489

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Kyrgyz Horse in 1894, illustration from Les races chevalines - avec une étude spéciale sur les chevaux russes
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Kok-boru in Kyrgyzstan, circa 1872
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History

In the late nineteenth century there were some two million Kyrgyz horses in the area that is now Kyrgyzstan.[5] During the Soviet era, the traditional Kyrgyz horse was cross-bred with larger but weaker imported foreign breeds, including Don and Thoroughbred strains, to create a new breed, the Novokirgiz or New Kirgiz.[3]:489[5] Numbers of the traditional native breed were greatly reduced,[5] but have since shown some recovery.[6] The population of the Kyrgyz breed was last reported to DAD-IS in 2002, when the total population was 78 300 head.[2] In 2007 its conservation status was recorded by the FAO as "not at risk".[1]:74

An association for the protection of the Kyrgyz Horse, the Fondation Kyrgyz Ate, was set up in Bishkek in the early twenty-first century. A breed standard was drawn up, based partly on a description found in archives in Saint Petersburg, and was approved by the national ministry of agriculture.[4]:14

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Characteristics

The Kyrgyz Horse is a small mountain horse. It is sure-footed and agile, with the necessary stamina and endurance for the mountain environment.[4]:14[7] The coat may be dark or grey.[3]:480

Use

The Kyrgyz Horse is used as a riding horse, for horse-racing, and as a light harness horse. It is important for production of meat and milk.[3]:480 Horsemeat production in Kyrgyzstan in 2002 was 24 800 tonnes, about one eighth of the total meat produced in that year.[8]:14 The mare's milk is often fermented to make kumis.[4]:14

With traditional mounted games such as kok-boru (also known in Kyrgyzstan as ulak-tartysh), oodarysh (mounted wrestling) and kyz-kuumai (meaning roughly "chase the girl"), the Kyrgyz Horse may be perceived as a symbol of the pre-Soviet nomadic past of Kyrgyz people, and thus as an element of post-Soviet Kyrgyz culture and national identity.[4]:14[5][6]

See also

References

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