Laimosemion

Laimosemion is a genus of fish in the family Rivulidae from the Amazon basin and basins in the Guiana Shield in tropical South America. They mostly inhabit small streams, creeks, swamps and pools in lowlands, but locally occur to an altitude of 1,300 m (4,300 ft).^[1]

Laimosemion
Laimosemion xiphidius
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Cyprinodontiformes
Family:	Rivulidae
Genus:	Laimosemion Huber, 1999
Type species
Rivulus geayi Vaillant, 1899
Synonyms
Owiyeye Costa, 2006

Like their relatives, the adult Laimosemion often inhabit very small isolated waters, but they are not annual species like some other killifish. The adults can move some distance over land to find another water source. They do this by repeatedly flipping their body. They commonly complete their life cycle in the water, often laying their eggs among plant material. However, their eggs can survive several days of drought, only hatching when again covered by water.^[2][3]

The largest are up to 8.5 cm (3.3 in) in total length, but most Laimosemion species only reach around half that size.^[4]

Species

Until 2011, Laimosemion were included in Rivulus,^[5] and some prefer to maintain them in that genus.^[6]

If recognized as a valid genus, there are currently 29 species in Laimosemion:^[4][7]

• Laimosemion agilae (Hoedeman, 1954)
• Laimosemion altivelis (Huber, 1992)
• Laimosemion amanapira (W. J. E. M. Costa, 2004)
• Laimosemion anitae D. T. B. Nielsen, Jan Willem Hoetmer and Eric Vandekerkhove, ^[8]
• Laimosemion breviceps (C. H. Eigenmann, 1909)
• Laimosemion cladophorus (Huber, 1991)
• Laimosemion dibaphus (G. S. Myers, 1927)
• Laimosemion frenatus (C. H. Eigenmann, 1912)
• Laimosemion geayi (Vaillant, 1899)
• Laimosemion gransabanae (Lasso A., Taphorn & Thomerson, 1992)
• Laimosemion jauaperi W. J. E. M. Costa & Bragança, 2013^[9]
• Laimosemion kirovskyi (W. J. E. M. Costa, 2004)
• Laimosemion leticia Valdesalici, 2016^[10]
• Laimosemion lyricauda (Thomerson, Berkenkamp & Taphorn, 1991)
• Laimosemion mabura Valdesalici & García-Gil, 2015^[11]
• Laimosemion mahdiaensis (Suijker & Collier, 2006)
• Laimosemion nicoi (Thomerson & Taphorn, 1992)
• Laimosemion paryagi Vermeulen, Suijker & Collier, 2012 (Paryag's killifish)^[1]
• Laimosemion rectocaudatus (Fels & de Rham, 1981)
• Laimosemion romeri (W. J. E. M. Costa, 2003)
• Laimosemion sape (Lasso-Alcalá, Taphorn, Lasso A. & León-Mata, 2006)
• Laimosemion staecki (I. Schindler & Valdesalici, 2011)
• Laimosemion strigatus (Regan, 1912)
• Laimosemion tecminae (Thomerson, Nico & Taphorn, 1992)
• Laimosemion tomasi (Vermeulen, Valdesalici & Garcia-Gil, 2013)
• Laimosemion torrenticola (Vermeulen & Isbrücker, 2000)
• Laimosemion uakti (W. J. E. M. Costa, 2004)
• Laimosemion uatuman (W. J. E. M. Costa, 2004)
• Laimosemion ubim W. J. E. M. Costa & Lazzarotto, 2014^[12]
• Laimosemion xiphidius (Huber, 1979)