Ligneous conjunctivitis

Ligneous conjunctivitis is a rare form of chronic conjunctivitis characterized by recurrent, fibrin-rich pseudomembranous lesions of wood-like consistency that develop mainly on the underside of the eyelid (tarsal conjunctiva).^[2] It is generally a systemic disease which may involve the periodontal tissue, the upper and lower respiratory tract, kidneys, middle ear, and female genitalia.^[3] It can be sight-threatening,^[3] and death can occasionally occur from pulmonary involvement.^{[citation needed]}

Ligneous conjunctivitis
Other names	Conjunctivitis lignosa[1]
Specialty	Ophthalmology

It has been speculated hola ligneous conjunctivitis may be a manifestation of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) involving the conjunctiva.^[4]

Pathogenesis

Histopathological findings from affected humans indicate that wound healing is impaired due to a deficiency in plasmin-mediated extracellular fibrinolysis.^[2] Episodes may be triggered by minor trauma, eye surgery, or by systemic events such as infections or antifibrinolytic therapy.^[3] Histology shows amorphous subepithelial deposits of eosinophilic material consisting predominantly of fibrin.^{[clarification needed]}

Diagnosis

Treatment

Ligneous conjunctivitis may be managed by topical treatments of plasminogen,^[2] topical and subconjunctival fresh frozen plasma,^[2] and fibrinolytic therapy.^[5]