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Lilium lancifolium
Species of lily From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Lilium lancifolium (syn. L. tigrinum) is an Asian species of lily, native to China, Japan, Korea, and the Russian Far East.[1] It is widely planted as an ornamental because of its showy orange-and-black flowers, and sporadically occurs as a garden escapee in North America, particularly the eastern United States including New England,[2] and has made incursions into some southern states such as Georgia.[3]
It has the English name tiger lily, but that name has been applied to other species as well.
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Description
Like other true lilies, the flowers are borne on upright stems that are 80–200 centimetres (31–79 inches) tall and bear lanceolate leaves 6–10 cm (2+1⁄2–4 in) long and 1–2 cm (3⁄8–3⁄4 in) broad. L. lancifolium produces aerial bulblets, known as bulbils, in the leaf axils.[4] These bulbils are uncommon in Lilium species and they produce new plants that are clones of the original plant.[2]
The flowers are odorless.[4] Each lasts a few days and if pollinated produce capsules with many thin seeds.[2]
Extrafloral nectaries on the species were first noted by Zimmerman 1932.[5]
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Taxonomy
Varieties
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The names of names considered as varieties at some time are:
- Lilium lancifolium var. densum W.Bull
- Lilium tigrinum var. fortunei Standish
- Lilium tigrinum var. splendens Van Houtte
- Lilium tigrinum var. flore-pleno auct.
- Lilium tigrinum var. erectum G.F.Wilson
- Lilium tigrinum var. plenescens Waugh
- Lilium lancifolium var. flaviflorum Makino
- Lilium lancifolium var. fortunei (Standish) V.A.Matthews
- Lilium lancifolium var. splendens (Van Houtte) V.A.Matthews
The Lilium tigrinum flore pleno, the double-flowered variety, had been exported out of Japan by William Bull since 1869.[6]
Names
Scientific names
Botanists for many years considered L. tigrinum (after Ker Gawler[7]) the correct scientific name until it was determined that older name L. lancifolium (after Thunberg[8]) refers to the same species, and the latter became the accepted name.[2][a]
Vernacular names
Its common name is tiger lily. Although this name is ambiguous across several species, it is correctly applied to this species alone.[2]
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Cat toxicity
A case study of the successful treatment of a cat that ingested this particular species was published in 2007.[9]
Uses
It is cultivated and wild foraged in Asia for its edible bulbs.[10] The cultivar 'Splendens' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[11] In Taiwan, both the flower and bulbs are used as food, as are the other related species: L. brownii var. viridulum, L. pumilum and L. candidum.[12]
Notes
- Under the rules of international botanical nomenclature, the older name takes precedence.
References
External links
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