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List of Australian bushfire seasons

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

List of Australian bushfire seasons
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This is a list of specific seasons of bushfires in Australia including some significant bushfire events from each season. Events are listed if they cause fatalities, destroy houses, or burn more than 100,000 hectares (250,000 acres) of land. Across Australia, seasonality of bushfires varies significantly; however, is generally aligned with the weather patterns in the south of the continent so that each season begins in June (the beginning of the Australian winter) and runs through the following May (the end of the Australian autumn). The worst season recorded is 1974-75, with 117 million hectares (290 million acres) burned, equivalent to 15 percent of Australia's physical land mass that equates to the entire area of France, Spain, and Portugal combined.

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NASA MODIS burned area detections from June 2001 to May 2019 showing regions affected by fires in Australia in red
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1800s

  • 1897-98 Australian bushfire season:
  • Red Tuesday: 12 fatalities, 2000 buildings were destroyed, and 260,000 hectares (640,000 acres) were burnt in Victoria (DSE 2003b).[1]
  • 1885-86 Australian bushfire season:
  • Heytesbury fires
  • 1850-51 Australian bushfire season:
  • Black Thursday bushfires: 12 fatalities, one million sheep and thousands of cattle were killed, and the fire burnt the second largest area (approximately 5,000,000 hectares (12,000,000 acres)) in history (CFA 2003a; DSE 2003b).[citation needed]
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1920s

1930s

1940s

1950s

  • 1957–58 Australian bushfire season
  • 1954–55 Australian bushfire season

1960s

  • 1968-69 Australian bushfire season: NSW in 1968-69 over 1,000,000 hectares (2,500,000 acres) were burnt and three people were killed (Linacre & Hobbs 1977; RFS 2003a).
  • 1966-67 Australian bushfire season: 62 fatalities, 900 injured, 7,000 left homeless, 4,286 buildings lost
  • The 1967 Tasmanian fires: 110 separate fire fronts burnt through 264,000 hectares (650,000 acres) of land in southern Tasmania. The destruction included 1,293 homes, around 62,000 farm animals, over 1,700 other buildings, 80 bridges, 4,800 sections of power lines, 1,500 motor vehicles and over 100 other structures.
  • 1961 Western Australian bushfires The towns of Dwellingup[3] and Karridale were basically destroyed, along with many small settlements that were not rebuilt. The Dwellingup fire migrated to the town of Pinjarra where it burned a significant number of buildings. From January to March of that year, about 1,800,000 hectares (4,400,000 acres) was burnt throughout the south-west, with a large loss of livestock.
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1970s

  • 1979-80 Australian bushfire season
  • 1974–75 Australian bushfire season: approximately 117 million hectares (290 million acres)[a] burned.[4][6][7] The area burnt, 117 million hectares (290 million acres), is equivalent to 15 percent of Australia's physical land mass that equates to the entire area of France, Spain, and Portugal combined.[5]

1980s

  • 1984-85 Australian bushfire season: NSW in 1984-85, 3,500,000 hectares (8,600,000 acres) were burnt, four lives were lost, 40,000 livestock were killed and $40m damage to property was caused (RFS 2003a).
  • 1982-1983 Australian bushfire season: The Ash Wednesday fires of 16 February 1983 caused severe damage in Victoria and South Australia. In Victoria, 210,000 hectares (520,000 acres) were burnt, 2,080 houses destroyed, more than 27,000 stock lost and 47 people lost their lives (CFA 2003a; DSE 2003b, 2003d). Property-related damage was estimated at over $200m and more than 16,000 fire fighters, 1,000 police and 500 defence personnel fought the fires in Victoria. In South Australia, 208,000 hectares (510,000 acres) were burnt, 383 houses were destroyed, 28 people were killed and property-related damage was estimated to be more than $200m (DSE 2003d).[1]
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1990s

  • 1998–99 Australian bushfire season: 5 fatalities
  • 1997–98 Australian bushfire season: 4 fatalities and 10 houses lost
  • 4 fatalities and 10 houses lost on 20 November at Menai in New South Wales[9][10]
  • 1994–95 Australian bushfire season: 23 houses lost
  • 23 houses lost from September to November in southeast Queensland.[13]
  • 1992–93 Australian bushfire season: 4 houses lost
  • 1991–92 Australian bushfire season: 3 fatalities, 17 houses lost
  • 2 fatalities and 14 houses lost on 16 October in western Sydney and the Central Coast in New South Wales[9]
  • 1 fatality and 3 houses lost at Mount Tamborine in Queensland[11]
  • 1990-91 Australian bushfire season: 4 fatalities, 25 houses lost
  • 3 fatalities in Queensland[11]
  • 8 houses lost on 23 December across New South Wales[9]
  • 1 fatality and 17 houses lost on 27 December at Strathbogie[14]

2000s

  • 1 fatality and 10 houses lost from 16–29 October near Toowoomba in Queensland[11]
  • 10 houses lost on 9 October at Engadine in New South Wales[26]
  • 2002 Sydney: 41 homes were lost on 4 December 2002 at Glenorie, a suburb north of Sydney.
  • 2003 Eastern Victorian alpine bushfires: 41 houses lost and 1,200,000 hectares (3,000,000 acres) burned from 8 January to 19 March in northeastern Victoria.[14]
  • 2003 Canberra bushfires: 4 fatalities and 488 houses lost on 18 January in western Canberra and nearby townships.[27]
  • 2001–02 Australian bushfire season: 110 houses lost
  • 2000–01 Australian bushfire season: 11 houses lost
  • 11 houses lost from 1–9 February at Tulka in South Australia.[23]
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2010s

  • The most destructive bushfire season in terms of human life and property loss since the 2008–09 Australian bushfire season prior to the 2019-2020 bushfires. Insurance losses of around A$353 million[28]
  • At least 317,000 hectares (780,000 acres) burned
  • Loss of 408 houses and at least 500 non-residential buildings
  • 8 deaths as a direct result of fire: 6 people died in Western Australia, 2 in South Australia. In New South Wales a volunteer firefighter died due to unrelated health complications while on duty.[29]
  • 2015 Esperance bushfires: 4 fatalities; 19 buildings destroyed
  • 2015 Pinery bushfire: 2 fatalities; 470+ buildings destroyed
  • 2016 Tasmanian bushfires: catastrophic impact on Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area lands
  • 2016 Waroona-Yarloop bushfire
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NASA image showing the Snowy River bushfire in Eastern Victoria at night in February 2014. The bushfire which lasted for 70 days grew to 165 800 ha and was roughly the same size as Melbourne. Also visible are the fires at the Hazelwood coalmine and Kilmore. Source: NASA Earth Observatory.
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2020s

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NASA satellite imagery on 7 December 2019 showing bushfires across the east coast of Australia.

See also

Notes

  1. The 1974-75 bushfire season burnt over 100 million hectares (250 million acres), but there are different figures reported:
    • In 1995, the Australian Bureau Statistics reported 117 million hectares (290 million acres)[4]
    • The 2004 National Inquiry on Bushfire Mitigation and Management reports a total of 102 million hectares (250 million acres)[5]
    The extent of the 1974-75 bushfire season was not known until after the event when satellite images were analysed, due to the fires being mostly located in very remote areas of the continent.[6]

References

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