List of Canadian census areas demographic extremes

This is a list of census areas of demographic notability in Canada. Data is from the Canada 2021 Census.

This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2010)

All census subdivisions

Most populous municipality: Toronto, Ontario, 2,794,356^[1]
Highest percentage increase in population from 2016: Kapawe'no First Nation 229, Alberta, 1,840.0%^[1]
- This geographic area underwent a boundary change since the 2016 Census that resulted in an adjustment to the 2016 population and/or dwelling counts for this area. The second highest percentage increase was in The Narrows 49, Manitoba, 1,000.0%.
Largest census subdivision by land area: Qikiqtaaluk, Nunavut, 968,988.38 km²^[1]
Highest % of the population under 15: Rolling River 67B, Manitoba, 54.5%^[2]
Highest % of the population 15-64: Stryen 9, Lytton First Nation, British Columbia, 100.0%^[2]
Lowest % of the population 15-64: Notre-Dame-des-Anges, Quebec, 2.1%^[2]
Highest % of the population 65+: Notre-Dame-des-Anges, Quebec, 97.9%^[2]
Highest % of the population 85+: Notre-Dame-des-Anges, Quebec, 60.4%^[2]
Highest median age: Notre-Dame-des-Anges, Quebec, 87^[3]
Lowest median age: Halfway River 168, British Columbia, 14.5^[3]

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Census subdivisions over 5,000 people

Highest % increase in population from 2016: East Gwillimbury, Ontario, 44.4%^[4]^[5]
Highest % decrease in population from 2016: Athabasca County, Alberta, -11.6%^[4]^[6]
Largest census subdivision by land area: Kenora, Unorganized, Ontario, 388,982.20 km²^[4]
Smallest municipality by land area: Montreal West, Quebec, 1.37 km²^[4]
Highest population density: Vancouver, British Columbia, 5,749.9/km²^[4]
Lowest population density: Kenora, Unorganized, Ontario, 0.019/km²^[4]
Highest % of the population under 15: Mackenzie County, Alberta, 36.3%^[7]
Lowest % of the population under 15: Qualicum Beach, British Columbia, 6.8%^[7]
Highest % of the population 15-64: Whistler, British Columbia, 79.8%^[7]
Lowest % of the population 15-64: Qualicum Beach, British Columbia, 36.9%^[7]
Highest % of the population 65+: Qualicum Beach, British Columbia, 56.3%^[7]
Lowest % of the population 65+: Iqaluit, Nunavut, 3.7%^[7]
Highest % of the population 85+: Sidney, British Columbia, 9.3%^[7]
Lowest % of the population 85+: Iqaluit, Nunavut, 0.1%^[7]
Highest median age: Qualicum Beach, British Columbia: 67.5^[8]
Lowest median age: Mackenzie County, Alberta, 23.4^[8]
Highest % of people whose mother tongue is English: Bay Roberts, Newfoundland and Labrador, 99.2%^[9]
Lowest % of people whose mother tongue is English: Amqui, Quebec, 0.2%^[9]
Highest % of people whose mother tongue is French: Amqui, Quebec: 99.3%^[9]
Lowest % of people whose mother tongue is French: Mackenzie County, Alberta; Taber, Alberta; and Norway House, Manitoba, 0.1%^[9]
Highest % of people whose mother tongue is a Non-official language: Mackenzie County, Alberta, 64.1%^[9]
Lowest % of people whose mother tongue is a Non-official language: Saint-Honoré, Quebec and Amqui, Quebec, 0.2%^[9]
Highest % immigrants: Richmond, British Columbia, 60.3%^[10]
Lowest % immigrants: Bay Roberts, Newfoundland and Labrador, 0.34%^[11]
Highest % of population with no high school degree: Mackenzie County, Alberta, 54.2%^[12]
Lowest % of population with no high school degree: Whistler, British Columbia, 4.5%^[12]
Highest % with university degree: Westmount, Quebec, 63.3%^[12]
Lowest % of population with university degree: Saint-Lin–Laurentides, Quebec, 5.0%^[12]

Visible minorities and Aboriginal population

Highest % Arab: Laval, Quebec, 11.42%^[13]
Highest % Black: Brooks, Alberta, 22.29%^[13]
Highest % Chinese: Richmond, British Columbia, 54.25%^[13]
Highest % Filipino: Neepawa, Manitoba, 46.85%^[13]
Highest % First Nations: Norway House, Manitoba, 95.50%^[14]
Highest % Indigenous: Norway House, Manitoba, 98.59%^[14]
Highest % Inuit: Iqaluit, Nunavut, 52.39%^[14]
Highest % Japanese: Banff, Alberta, 6.20%^[13]
Highest % Korean: Coquitlam, British Columbia, 8.07%^[13]
Highest % Latin American: Leamington, Ontario, 7.42%^[13]
Highest % Métis: Meadow Lake, Saskatchewan, 23.15%^[14]
Highest % South Asian: Brampton, Ontario, 52.42%^[13]
Highest % Southeast Asian: Chestermere, Alberta, 5.03%^[13]
Highest % West Asian: Richmond Hill, Ontario, 13.15%^[13]
Highest % visible minority: Markham, Ontario, 82.10%^[13]
Lowest % visible minority: Norway House, Manitoba, 0.19%^[13]

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Census metropolitan areas

Summarize

Perspective

Population and area

Most populous: Toronto, Ontario, 6,202,225^[15]
Least populous: Red Deer, Alberta, 100,844^[15]
Highest increase in population (%) from 2016: Kelowna, British Columbia, 14.0%^[15]
Lowest increase in population (%), from 2016: Saguenay, Quebec, 0.03%^[15]
Largest land area (km²): Edmonton, Alberta, 9,416.19^[15]
Smallest land area (km²): Red Deer, Alberta, 104.34^[15]
Highest population density (per km²): Toronto, Ontario, 1,050.7^[15]
Lowest population density (per km²): Fredericton, New Brunswick, 18.1^[15]

Age and sex

Highest proportion (%) of men: Drummondville, Quebec, 50.04%^[3]
Highest proportion (%) of women: Peterborough, Ontario, 51.89%^[3]
Highest median age: Trois-Rivières, Quebec, 46.4^[3]
Lowest median age: Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, 36.8^[3]
Highest percentage of children (0–14 years): Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, 19.11%^[3]
Highest percentage of working-age population (15–64 years): Vancouver, British Columbia, 68.49%^[3]
Highest percentage of seniors (65 years and over): Trois-Rivières, Quebec, 25.66%^[3]
Highest percentage of seniors (85 years and over): Peterborough, Ontario, 3.4%^[16]

Education

Highest % of university degree at bachelor's level or above: Toronto, Ontario, 38.0%^[17]
Lowest % of university degree at bachelor's level or above: Drummondville, Quebec, 12.8%^[17]

Income

Highest median employment income: Ottawa-Gatineau: $46,400^[18]
Lowest median employment income: St. Catharines-Niagara, Ontario, $29,400^[18]
Median employment income:
- Less than high school education:
  - Highest: Lethbridge, Alberta, $23,000^[18]
  - Lowest: Kingston, Ontario, $9,000^[18]
- High school education:
  - Highest: Chilliwack, British Columbia, $32,400^[18]
  - Lowest: Saguenay, Quebec, $20,200^[18]
- Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level:
  - Highest: Edmonton, Alberta, $51,200^[18]
  - Lowest: St. Catharines-Niagara, Ontario, $36,000^[18]
- Bachelor's degree or higher:
  - Highest: Ottawa-Gatineau, $70,000^[18]
  - Lowest: St. Catharines-Niagara, Ontario, $46,800^[18]
- Canadian-born, with less than high school education:
  - Highest: Edmonton, Alberta, $22,200^[18]
  - Lowest: Windsor, Ontario, $8,300^[18]
- Canadian-born, with high school education:
  - Highest: Regina, Saskatchewan, $34,000^[18]
  - Lowest: Toronto, Ontario, $20,200^[18]
- Canadian-born, with university degree:
  - Highest: Ottawa-Gatineau, $76,000^[18]
  - Lowest: St. Catharines-Niagara, Ontario, $54,000^[18]
- Immigrant population, with less than high school education:
  - Highest: Lethbridge, Alberta, $34,400^[18]
  - Lowest: Fredericton, New Brunswick, $5,480^[18]
- Immigrant population, with high school education:
  - Highest: Red Deer, Alberta; and Abbotsford-Mission, British Columbia, $33,200^[18]
  - Lowest: Trois-Rivières, Quebec, $15,600^[18]
- Immigrant population, with university degree:
  - Highest: Ottawa-Gatineau, $62,400^[18]
  - Lowest: St. Catharines-Niagara, Ontario, $37,600^[18]

Visible minorities and Indigenous population

Highest population

Not-a-visible-minority: Montreal, Quebec, 2,597,870^[19]
Visible minorities: Toronto, Ontario, 3,501,270^[19]
Arab: Montreal, Quebec, 246,150^[19]
Black: Toronto, Ontario, 488,155^[19]
Chinese: Toronto, Ontario, 679,730^[19]
Filipino: Toronto, Ontario, 281,150^[19]
First Nations: Montreal, Quebec, 89,375^[20]
Indigenous: Montreal, Quebec, 112,350^[20]
Inuit: Ottawa-Gatineau, 2,235^[20]
Japanese: Vancouver, British Columbia, 31,200^[19]
Korean: Toronto, Ontario, 74,210^[19]
Latin American: Toronto, Ontario, 156,460^[19]
Métis: Winnipeg, Manitoba, 52,370^[20]
South Asian: Toronto, Ontario, 1,182,485^[19]
Southeast Asian: Toronto, Ontario, 102,330^[19]
West Asian: Toronto, Ontario, 160,335^[19]

Highest percentage

Not-a-visible-minority: Saguenay, Quebec, 98.1%^[21]
Visible minorities: Toronto, Ontario, 57.0%^[21]
Arab: Windsor, Ontario, 6.2%^[21]
Black: Montreal, Quebec, 8.1%^[21]
Chinese: Vancouver, British Columbia, 19.7%^[21]
Filipino: Winnipeg, Manitoba, 10.3%^[21]
First Nations: Thunder Bay, Ontario, 10.1%^[20]
Indigenous: Thunder Bay, Ontario, 14.6%^[20]
Inuit: St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, 0.8%^[20]
Japanese: Lethbridge, Alberta, 1.4%^[21]
Korean: Vancouver, British Columbia, 2.4%^[21]
Latin American: Montreal, Quebec, 3.3%^[21]
Métis: Winnipeg, Manitoba, 6.4%^[20]
South Asian: Abbotsford-Mission, British Columbia, 25.9%^[21]
Southeast Asian: Vancouver, British Columbia, 2.2%^[21]
West Asian: Toronto, Ontario, 2.6%^[21]

Language

Mother tongue

Highest population with English as mother tongue: Toronto, Ontario, 3,070,355^[22]
Highest population with French as mother tongue: Montreal, Quebec, 2,515,095^[22]
Highest population with both English and French as mother tongues: Montreal, Quebec, 79,655^[22]
Highest population with a non-official language as mother tongue: Toronto, Ontario, 2,597,980^[22]
Highest population with an Indigenous language as mother tongue: Winnipeg, Manitoba, 2,735^[22]
Lowest population with English as mother tongue: Drummondville, Quebec, 1,020^[22]
Lowest population with French as mother tongue: Lethbridge, Alberta, 865^[22]
Lowest population with both English and French as mother tongues: Lethbridge, Alberta, 225^[22]
Lowest population with a non-official language as mother tongue: Saguenay, Quebec, 1,650^[22]
Lowest population with an Indigenous language as mother tongue: Drummondville, Quebec; and Guelph, Ontario, 0^[22]
Highest percentage with English as mother tongue: St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, 94.5%^[22]
Highest percentage with French as mother tongue: Saguenay, Quebec, 97.5%^[22]
Highest percentage with both English and French as mother tongues: Greater Sudbury, Ontario, 3.4%^[22]
Highest percentage with a non-official language as mother tongue: Vancouver, British Columbia, 42.6%^[22]
Highest percentage with an Indigenous language as mother tongue: Thunder Bay, Ontario, 0.8%^[22]
Lowest percentage with English as mother tongue: Saguenay, Quebec, 0.8%^[22]
Lowest percentage with French as mother tongue: St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, 0.5%^[22]
Lowest percentage with both English and French as mother tongues: Lethbridge, Alberta, 0.2%^[22]
Lowest percentage with a non-official language as mother tongue: Saguenay, Quebec, 1.0%^[22]

Language most often spoken at home

Highest population with English most often spoken at home: Toronto, Ontario, 4,035,545^[23]
Highest population with French most often spoken at home: Montreal, Quebec, 2,708,435^[23]
Highest population with a non-official language most often spoken at home: Toronto, Ontario, 1,626,995 ^[23]
Highest population with English and French spoken equally at home: Montreal, Quebec, 96,355^[23]
Highest population with English and a non-official language spoken equally at home: Toronto, Ontario, 449,840^[23]
Highest population with French and a non-official language spoken equally at home: Montreal, Quebec, 96,360^[23]
Lowest population with English most often spoken at home: Drummondville, Quebec, 845^[23]
Lowest population with French most often spoken at home: Kamloops, British Columbia, 195^[23]
Lowest population with a non-official language most often spoken at home: Saguenay, Quebec, 705^[23]
Lowest population with English and French spoken equally at home: Chilliwack, British Columbia, 100^[23]
Highest percentage with English most often spoken at home: St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, 96.9%^[23]
Highest percentage with French most often spoken at home: Saguenay, Quebec, 98.4%^[23]
Highest percentage with a non-official language most often spoken at home: Vancouver, British Columbia, 27.8%^[23]
Highest percentage with English and French spoken equally at home: Montreal, Quebec, 2.3%^[23]
Highest percentage with English and a non-official language spoken equally at home: Toronto, Ontario, 7.3%^[23]
Highest percentage with French and a non-official language spoken equally at home: Montreal, Quebec, 2.3%^[23]
Lowest percentage with English most often spoken at home: Saguenay, Quebec, 0.6%^[23]
Lowest percentage with French most often spoken at home: Abbotsford-Mission, British Columbia, 0.2%^[23]
Lowest percentage with a non-official language most often spoken at home: Saguenay, Quebec, 0.4%^[23]
Lowest population with English and French spoken equally at home: St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, 0.1%^[23]

Knowledge of official languages

Highest population with knowledge of English only: Toronto, Ontario, 5,436,685^[24]
Highest population with knowledge of French only: Montreal, Quebec, 1,434,620^[24]
Highest population with knowledge of both English and French: Montreal, Quebec, 2,396,530^[24]
Highest population with knowledge of neither English nor French: Toronto, Ontario, 263,670^[24]
Lowest population with knowledge of English only: Drummondville, Quebec, 295^[24]
Lowest population with knowledge of French only: Kamloops, British Columbia, 20^[24]
Lowest population with knowledge of both English and French: Chilliwack, British Columbia, 4,815^[24]
Lowest population with knowledge of neither English nor French: Saguenay, Quebec, 115^[24]
Highest percentage with knowledge of English only: Chilliwack, British Columbia, 94.9%^[24]
Highest percentage with knowledge of French only: Saguenay, Quebec, 76.0%^[24]
Highest percentage with knowledge of both English and French: Montreal, Quebec, 56.4%^[24]
Highest percentage with knowledge of neither English nor French: Abbotsford-Mission, British Columbia, 5.5%^[23]
Lowest percentage with knowledge of English only: Saguenay, Quebec, 0.2%^[24]
Lowest percentage with knowledge of French only: Chilliwack, British Columbia, 0.03%^[24]
Lowest percentage with knowledge of both English and French: Abbotsford-Mission, British Columbia, 4.3%^[23]
Lowest percentage with knowledge of neither English nor French: Saguenay, Quebec, 0.1%^[24]

Immigration and citizenship

Highest proportion (%) of Canadian citizens: Saguenay, Quebec, 98.6%^[25]
Lowest proportion (%) of Canadian citizens: Vancouver, British Columbia, 83.6%^[25]
Highest proportion (%) immigrants: Toronto, Ontario, 46.6%^[26]
Highest proportion (%) non-immigrants: Saguenay, Quebec, 97.7%^[26]
Highest proportion (%) immigrants who arrived in Canada before 2001: Toronto, Ontario, 23.7%^[26]
Highest proportion (%) immigrants who arrived between 2001 and 2005: Toronto, Ontario, 5.9%^[26]
Highest proportion (%) immigrants who arrived between 2006 and 2010: Toronto, Ontario, 5.3%^[26]
Highest proportion (%) immigrants who arrived between 2011 and 2015: Calgary, Alberta, 6.0%^[26]
Highest proportion (%) immigrants who arrived after 2016: Toronto, Ontario, 6.4%^[26]
Highest proportion (%) of non-permanent residents: Vancouver, British Columbia, 5.1%^[26]
Lowest proportion (%) immigrants who arrived in Canada before 2001: Saguenay, Quebec, 0.4%^[26]
Lowest proportion (%) immigrants who arrived between 2001 and 2005: Saguenay, Quebec, 0.2%^[26]
Lowest proportion (%) immigrants who arrived between 2006 and 2010: Saguenay, Quebec, 0.2%^[26]
Lowest proportion (%) immigrants who arrived between 2011 and 2015: Saguenay, Quebec, 0.2%^[26]
Lowest proportion (%) immigrants who arrived after 2016: Chilliwack, British Columbia, 0.7%^[26]
Highest proportion (%) of non-permanent residents: Vancouver, British Columbia, 5.1%^[26]
Highest % of India as place of birth of immigrants: Abbotsford-Mission, British Columbia, 51.9%^[27]
Highest % of United Kingdom as place of birth of immigrants: Peterborough, Ontario, 24.3%^[27]
Highest % of United States as place of birth of immigrants: Fredericton, New Brunswick, 9.7%^[27]
Highest % of Italy as place of birth of immigrants: Thunder Bay, Ontario, 17.1%^[27]
Highest % of Philippines as place of birth of immigrants: Red Deer, Alberta, 38.6%^[27]
Highest % of France as place of birth of immigrants: Saguenay, Quebec, 23.7%^[27]
Highest % of China as place of birth of immigrants: Vancouver, British Columbia, 18.8%^[27]
Highest % of Colombia as place of birth of immigrants: Drummondville, Quebec, 14.3%^[27]
Highest % of Finland as place of birth of immigrants: Thunder Bay, Ontario, 6.3%^[27]

Ethnic origin (single responses)

Highest population

Canadian: Montreal, Quebec, 705,615^[28]
Chinese: Toronto, Ontario, 556,440^[28]
Dutch: Toronto, Ontario, 17,785^[28]
English: Toronto, Ontario, 105,495^[28]
Filipino: Toronto, Ontario, 217,150^[28]
Finnish: Thunder Bay, Ontario, 3,170^[28]
French: Montreal, Quebec, 487,200^[28]
German: Edmonton, Alberta, 33,445^[28]
Greek: Toronto, Ontario, 52,375^[28]
Haitian: Montreal, Quebec, 113,400^[28]
Irish: Toronto, Ontario, 60,900^[28]
Italian: Toronto, Ontario, 264,895^[28]
Jamaican: Toronto, Ontario, 78,930^[28]
Japanese: Vancouver, British Columbia, 20,890^[28]
Korean: Toronto, Ontario, 66,590^[28]
Latin, Central, and South American, Toronto, Ontario, 148,535^[28]
North American Indigenous, Winnipeg, Manitoba, 42,040^[28]
Polish: Toronto, Ontario, 71,740^[28]
Portuguese: Toronto, Ontario, 110,275^[28]
Russian: Toronto, Ontario, 36,125^[28]
Scottish: Toronto, Ontario, 53,180^[28]
South Asian: Toronto, Ontario, 823,800^[28]
Ukrainian: Toronto, Ontario, 37,865^[28]
Vietnamese: Toronto, Ontario, 56,745^[28]

Highest percentage

Canadian: Drummondville, Quebec, 44.9%^[28]
Chinese: Vancouver, British Columbia, 23.1%^[28]
Dutch: Chilliwack, British Columbia, 10.4%^[28]
English: St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, 22.4%^[28]
Filipino: Winnipeg, Manitoba, 15.4%^[28]
Finnish: Thunder Bay, Ontario, 5.7%^[28]
French: Québec, Quebec, 23.5%^[28]
German: Regina, Saskatchewan, 10.1%^[28]
Greek: Montreal, Quebec, 1.3%^[28]
Haitian: Montreal, Quebec, 3.5%^[28]
Irish: St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, 18.1%^[28]
Italian: Thunder Bay, Ontario, 10.4%^[28]
Jamaican: Oshawa, Ontario, 2.4%^[28]
Japanese: Lethbridge, Alberta, 1.4%^[28]
Korean: Vancouver, British Columbia, 3.3%^[28]
Latin, Central, and South American, Lethbridge, Alberta, 3.6%^[28]
North American Indigenous, Thunder Bay, Ontario, 15.3%^[28]
Polish: Brantford, Ontario, 3.4%^[28]
Portuguese: Kitchener-Cambridge-Waterloo, Ontario, 3.8%^[28]
Russian: Kelowna, British Columbia, 1.3%^[28]
Scottish: Fredericton, New Brunswick, 8.4%^[28]
South Asian: Abbotsford-Mission, British Columbia, 30.1%^[28]
Ukrainian: Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, 6.8%^[28]
Vietnamese: Guelph, Ontario, 2.1%^[28]

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Federal electoral districts (2013 redistribution)

Summarize

Perspective

Population and area

Most populous: Edmonton—Wetaskiwin (Alberta), 209,431^[29]
Least populous: Labrador (Newfoundland and Labrador), 26,655^[29]
Highest increase in population (%), 2016-2021: Edmonton—Wetaskiwin (Alberta), 31.9%^[29]
Highest decrease in population (%), 2016-2021: Churchill—Keewatinook Aski (Manitoba): -6.5% (Note: Excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated reserves or settlements.)^[29]
Largest land area (km²): Nunavut (Nunavut), 1,836,993.78^[30]
Smallest land area (km²): Toronto Centre (Ontario), 5.84^[31]
Highest population density (per km²): Toronto Centre (Ontario), 20,546.5^[29]
Lowest population density (per km²): Northwest Territories (Northwest Territories): < 0.05^[29]

Age

Highest median age: Laurentides—Labelle (Quebec), 55.2^[32]
Lowest median age: Nunavut (Nunavut), 25.6^[32]
Highest average age: Bonavista—Burin—Trinity, (Newfoundland and Labrador), 49.8^[32]
Lowest average age: Nunavut (Nunavut), 28.3^[32]

Education (2006)

(highest %)^[33]

Earned doctorate: Vancouver Quadra, British Columbia: 3.9%
Master's degree: Ottawa Centre, Ontario: 12.7%
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry: Vancouver Quadra, British Columbia: 2.7%
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level: Thornhill, Ontario: 5.0%
Bachelor's degree: Vancouver Quadra, British Columbia: 27.4%
University certificate or degree: Vancouver Quadra, British Columbia: 55.7%