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List of Japanese inventions and discoveries

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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This is a list of Japanese inventions and discoveries. Japanese pioneers have made contributions across a number of scientific, technological and art domains. In particular, Japan has played a crucial role in the digital revolution since the 20th century, with many modern revolutionary and widespread technologies in fields such as electronics and robotics introduced by Japanese inventors and entrepreneurs. Japan's technological boom during the mid-to-late 20th century was central to the third industrial revolution and information revolution.[1]

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Pre-7th century

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A Japanese folding fan (sensu).
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The Great Wave off Kanagawa (1831) by Hokusai, using the ukiyo-e style of Japanese art.

4th century

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Bowl of Sushi, art produced by Hiroshige (1797–1858) depicting sushi.

5th century

6th century

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Women playing the Shamisen, Tsuzumi and Taiko in Meiji Japan.
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7th–18th centuries

7th century

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Hōryū-ji (607), the oldest wooden building with Earthquake resistance.

8th century

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A katana (1819).

9th century

  • Tahōtō — Tahōtō is a form of Japanese pagoda found primarily at Esoteric Shingon and Tendai school Buddhist temples. Unlike most pagodas, it has two stories.[16]
  • Origami — Folded paper were used for decorations and tools in Shinto ceremonies, where decorations and gifts in folded paper became stylized as ceremonial origami.[10]
  • War fan (tessen)

10th century

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Kaguya-hime returning to the Moon in The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter (10th century).

11th century

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The Tale of Genji (11th century), an early novel.

12th century

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Hokusai Manga (18th century), an early manga comic book.

14th century

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Nagoya Castle (1612), a Japanese castle.

16th century

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Origami paper cranes (orizuru)

17th century

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Kunisada (c. 1830) depicting Horibe Yasubee (c.1700) holding a gandō, an early flashlight.
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Karakuri puppet (c. 1800), an early humanoid robot automata.

18th century

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Seki Kōwa's Katsuyo Sampo (1712), tabulating binomial coefficients and Bernoulli numbers.
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19th century

Katsudō Shashin (1907), an early anime.
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Kishitsu Geryō Zukan (Surgical Casebook) by Hanaoka Seishu (c. 1825).

1880s

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Vitamin B supplement tablets containing Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
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All-Japan Judo Championships, 2007 men's final.

1890s

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Chemical structure of methamphetamine.
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Early 20th century

1900s

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Takamine Jōkichi discovered takadiastase in the early 1890s and adrenaline in 1900.

1910s

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Japanese seaplane carrier Wakamiya conducted the world's first naval-launched air raids in 1914.
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Anritsu's TYK Radio Telephone, developed in 1912, was the first practical wireless radio telephone.
  • Radio telephone (wireless phone)Anritsu's TYK Radio Telephone, developed in 1912, was the first practical wireless telephone service. In 1914, it was installed in Toba, Mie.[75]

1920s

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Recreation of Kenjiro Takayanagi's pioneering electronic television experiment (1925).
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Modern UHF high-gain Yagi–Uda antenna used as television antenna.
  • Wirephoto fax — In the early 1920s, Yasujiro Niwa invented the NE-type cable phototelegraphic transmission system, the basis for fax technology in Japan.[63]

1930s

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Mitsubishi A6M Zero (1939) fighter plane, the first aircraft using aluminium-zinc alloy.
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Artificial snow gun in operation.

1940s

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Fu-Go balloon bomb in January 1945.
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Akira Kurosawa's Sanshiro Sugata Part II (1945), the earliest numbered sequel in the history of cinema.
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1950s

Arts

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Wikipe-tan as a majokko, the original magical girl archetype.

Cinema

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Seven Samurai (1954), an influential samurai film directed by Akira Kurosawa.
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Godzilla (1954), an early kaiju film directed by Ishirō Honda.

Sciences

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Leo Esaki in 1959. Pioneer of quantum tunnelling with tunnel diode and semiconductor superlattice.

Biomedical science

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Instant noodles before boiling

Technology

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Automatic rice cooker.
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Canon Pixma TS207 inkjet printer by Canon Inc.

Audio

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Sony TR-63 pocket transistor radio advertisement in 1957.

Cameras

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Nikon F professional SLR camera with Nikkor S Auto 5.8cm f/1.4 lens (1959)

Computing

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Casio Model 14-A, developed between 1954 and 1957, was the first all‑electric desktop calculator.

Display technology

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Sony TV8-301, developed between 1958 and 1960, was the first all‑transistor electronic TV set.

Energy technology

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A tower type uninterruptible power supply (UPS) unit.

Microtechnology

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Semiconductor lasers, including blue laser in the middle.

Textiles

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Onitsuka Tiger Mexico 66 (1966) sneaker shoes.
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1960s

Arts

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Akira Kurosawa's Yojimbo (1961) introduced the Man with No Name character archetype.

Audio

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Shin-ei Uni-Vibe (1968) phaser effects pedal used by Jimi Hendrix.

Music

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Isao Tomita in 1977. He was a pioneer of ambient music and space music.

Computing

Artificial intelligence

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Object detection using a convolutional neural network (CNN) deep learning AI model.

Calculators

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Sharp QT-8D Micro Compet (1969), the first handheld calculator with LSI chip and VFD display.

Culture

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Nagoya Daigaku Station with yellow tactile paving on the Nagoya Municipal Subway.

Motor vehicles

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Nissan GT-R PGC10 (1969), the first production car with 4-valve DOHC.

Motorcycles

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Honda CB750 (1969), the first superbike.

Sciences

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Yoichiro Nambu in 1965. He discovered spontaneous symmetry breaking.

Biomedical science

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A digital Omron HJ-112 pedometer fitness tracker.

Technology

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Bifacial solar panel installation.
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Inverter on a free-standing solar plant.

Cameras

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Sony DV-2400 Portapak (1966), the first video camera recorder used for electronic news gathering.

Display technology

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Sony Trinitron CRT monitor using aperture grille technology.
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U-matic, the first videocassette format, developed by Sony between 1968 and 1971.
  • Transistor VTR — The Sony SV-201 (1961) was the first transistor-based VTR. The Sony CV-2000 (1965) was the first all-transistor consumer VTR.[198]

Domestic appliances

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A modern Panasonic microwave oven.

Microtechnology

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Electron-beam lithography (EBL) setup.
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Intel 4004 (1971), the first singlechip microprocessor, was codesigned by Masatoshi Shima.

Telecommunication

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A stripped multi-mode optical fiber.

Timekeeping

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2A Seiko quartz watch using the chronograph function (movement 7T92).

Transportation

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A lineup of JR East Shinkansen bullet trains in October 2012
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1970s

Arts

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Light novel bookstore in Macau.

Audio

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Sony Walkman TPS‑L2 (1979), the first personal stereo.

Instruments

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Yamaha DX7 (1983), an early digital synthesizer that was widely used during the 1980s–1990s.

Music

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Yellow Magic Orchestra (YMO) in 1981: Haruomi Hosono, Ryuichi Sakamoto and Yukihiro Takahashi.

Coin-operated games

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Sega's arcade electro-mechanical game Jet Rocket (1970), the earliest first-person shooter flight simulator.
Mogura Taiji (WhacAMole), invented by TOGO in 1975.
  • Car combat — Concept of ramming cars dates back to Sega's EM arcade games Stunt Car (1970) and Dodgem Crazy (1972).[329]
  • Force feedback — Sega's arcade motorbike game Man T.T. (1976), also known as Fonz, was the first game using haptic technology for vibrating collisions.[330]

Computing

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Sord M223 Mark III, an early home computer released by Sord Computer Corporation in the late 1970s.

Calculators

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Casio JS-20WK pocket calculator with 7 segment LCD display.

Culture

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Airsoft players defending an objective.
  • Airsoft — Airsoft originated in Japan, then spread to Hong Kong and China in the late 1970s.[348]
    • Airsoft gun — The inventor of the first airsoft gun was Tanio Kobayashi in the 1970s.[349]
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Nissan Silvia (S14) performing a drift (2014).

Display technology

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Color LCD information board at Tohoku Shinkansen train station in Tokyo.

Television

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Panasonic TX-P55ST60E (2013) 55" plasma TV.

Video

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Betamax (top) and VHS (bottom) tapes were respectively created by Japanese companies Sony and JVC.

Microtechnology

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Stereolithography (SLA) 3D printed model of a circuit board.
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A "sliced and unrolled" representation of a carbon nanotube as a strip of a graphene molecule.

Integrated circuits

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Panafacom MN1610 (1975), the first single-chip 16-bit microprocessor.
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Intel 8259A, an early programmable interrupt controller (PIC) designed by Masatoshi Shima.

Memory

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Toshiba DT01ABA100V, a hard disk drive (HDD) with 1 terabyte (TB) data storage capacity.

Sciences

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A downburst.

Biomedical science

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Cup Noodles by Nissin Foods.

Technology

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A 3D printer.
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A typical electronic bidet washlet in Japan.

Cameras

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Konica C35 AF (1977), the first point-and-shoot 35 mm camera.

Telecommunication

Transportation

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Electronic stability control (ESC) control light
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1980s

Arts

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Takeshi Kitano in 2000. He created Takeshi's Castle (1986) and starred in Battle Royale (2000).

Audio

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Sony Discman D121, a portable CD player.

Instruments

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Roland TR-808 (1980), the first fully programmable drum machine. Widely used in modern music.

Music

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Mari Iijima voiced virtual idol Lynn Minmay in Macross (1982) and her album Rosé (1983) debuted the DX7.

Cameras

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Sony Betamovie BMC-110 (1983), an early consumer camcorder.
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Minolta Disc-7 (1983), the first selfie camera with selfie stick accessory.
  • Selfie camera — The Minolta Disc-7 (1983) was the first camera with a selfie mirror on its front for shooting selfie photos.[447]
    • Selfie stick — Invented by Hiroshi Ueda for the Minolta Disc-7 (1983), where the package showed the camera mounted on a selfie stick.[447]
  • Single-lens reflex flash camera (flash SLR) — The Pentax SFX (1987) was the first SLR camera with built-in flash.[167]
  • Stereo 3D video camera — The Toshiba SK3D7, developed in 1987 and released in 1989, was the first stereoscopic 3D video camera. It was an adaptation of the Toshiba AI‑30AF, an earlier CCD camcorder.[417]
  • Weather-proof compact camera — The Olympus AF-1 Nuretemo-Pikaso (Wet Flash), released in 1986, was the first weatherproof compact camera.[494]

Digital cameras

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Sony HDR-AS50 Action Cam, an action camera with underwater housing.
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Nikon QV-1000C (1988), the first commercial digital SLR (DSLR) camera.

Computing

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Epson HX-20, introduced in 1981 and released in 1982, was the first laptop computer.
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Casio fx-7000G (1985), the first scientific graphing calculator.

Artificial intelligence

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Sega AI Computer (1986), the earliest home computer designed for AI and natural language processing.

Graphics

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Popular emoji, including the Face with Tears of Joy emoji.
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NEC MultiSync FE950+ (1999), a 19" CRT display multisync monitor.

Culture

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Fullmark Model B correction tape in pink.
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A gel-based rollerball pen.

Display technology

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Sony JumboTron made its debut at Expo '85 (1985).

Digital

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Nintendo Switch OLED (2021), a hybrid game console with OLED display.

High-definition

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Sony HDVS system for HD video (1980s), including videodisc player, VTRs, video cameras, and monitors.

Timekeeping

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Casio TC-500 (1983) smartwatch with touchscreen and calculator watch function.

Domestic appliances

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A hands-free automatic faucet in Japan.
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Portable air conditioner by Olympus Corporation.

Energy technology

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Lithium-ion battery pack for a laptop computer.
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Bandai LCD Solarpower (1982), the first solar-powered video game device.

Mechanical technology

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A Ricoh 5055 multi-function printer (MFP).

Microtechnology

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Renesas insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) used in Canon Speedlite camera flash.

Integrated circuits

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A double-gate fin field-effect transistor (FinFET).

Automobiles

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Nissan 300ZX (Fairlady Z).

Electronics

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Backup camera view on the navigation screen of a Lexus IS 250 (2005).
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Electro Multi Vision in a 1987 Toyota Crown. It was an early carputer system.

Sciences

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ASICS Gel Kayano 15 shoes with some Betagel in yellow.

Biomedical science

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Miniature USB microscope, a type of digital microscope.
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Digital X-ray medical imaging system with medical monitor (1995).

Telecommunication

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A pair of modern automatic doors.

Internet

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Optical fiber connectors with protective caps.

Transportation

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Spiral escalator in Times Square (Hong Kong).
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1990s

Arts

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An interpretation of digital rain.

Automobiles

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1996 Honda Civic (released 1995), the first low emission vehicle (LEV).
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Honda Civic GX (1998), the first natural gas vehicle (NGV) and partial zero-emissions vehicle (PZEV).

Electronics

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Nissan Altra EV (1997), an early battery electric vehicle (BEV) using lithium-ion car battery.
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Toyota Prius (1997), the first production hybrid electric car, a type of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV).

Computing

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Sharp Zaurus SL-5500 (2005), a personal digital assistant (PDA) smart device.
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QR code for the URL of the English Wikipedia mobile main page

Graphics

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Eizo FlexScan L461 (2001), a 16" TFT LCD computer monitor.

Display technology

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Sony home cinema, with full HD LCD TV, digital TV set-top box, DVD player, PlayStation 3 and speakers.
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Sega's Time Traveler (1991) was the first holographic 3D video game, using a Dentsu holographic device.

Digital video

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Toshiba SD-2300 DVD player (2000)

Electronic games

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GiGO, a former large Sega game center in Akihabara, Tokyo.

Consoles

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Sega Dreamcast (1998), the first console with built-in modem and voice chat in online gaming.

Controllers

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Nintendo 64 controller, debuted in 1995 and released 1996, popularized analog thumbstick control.

Graphics

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Cel shader, also known as toon shader.

Microtechnology

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Blue LEDs.
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USB-C connector, a type of USB connector.

Memory

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Toshiba SD cards, which are memory cards using flash memory.

Sciences

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A man wearing a Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL) robotic suit in 2005.

Technology

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Mitsubishi Jet Towel hand dryer.

Audio

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Roland JP-8000 (1996) analog modeling synthesizer introduced the supersaw waveform sound.
Supersaw waveform pattern from the Roland JP-8000, demonstrating its typical usage in trance music.

Cameras

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Sony A7RIII CMOS sensor.
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Sony DCR-VX1000 (1995), a 3CCD digital video camera.

Energy technology

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Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant, the largest nuclear power plant and the first with ABWR.

Telecommunication

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A Japanese taxi equipped with GPS navigation (2004).
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Futaba Channel (2chan), a Japanese imageboard that inspired popular English site 4chan.

Mobile phones

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NEC TZ-804 Mova N (1991), the first mobile flip phone with clamshell design.
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Kyocera VP-210 Visual Phone (1999), the first mobile camera phone with front-facing selfie camera.

Transportation

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Hino S'elega hybrid electric bus in Nagoya.
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2000s

Arts

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JVC D-ILA projector.

Automobiles

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Mazda RX-8 Hydrogen RE (2006), the first hydrogen vehicle with rotary engine.

Electric vehicles

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Mitsubishi i-MiEV (2009), the first electric car with DC fast charging.

Electronic systems

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Driver monitoring system (DMS) on Toyota's Lexus LS 600h (2006)

Display technology

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Sony XEL-1 (2007), the world's first OLED TV.

High-definition

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HDMI connector.

Sciences

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Central drift tracking chamber from the Belle experiment.

Biomedical science

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Endoscope (colonoscopy camera) by Pentax.

Technology

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DER-01 (2003), the first actroid.

Audio

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Diagram of 5.1, 9.2 and 22.2 channel surround sound layouts.

Computing

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Automated teller machine (ATM) supporting Bitcoin in Japan.

Digital cameras

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Epson R-D1 (2004), the first digital rangefinder mirrorless camera.

Domestic appliances

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Sharp FU-888SV Plasmacluster air purifier.

Energy technology

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Toshiba LEL-AW6L/2 (2009), an early commercial white LED bulb.

Microtechnology

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Cross-section diagram of a typical metal oxide thin-film transistor (oxide TFT).

Telecommunication

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J-SH04 (2000), a camera phone by Sharp and J-Phone, introduced picture messaging.

Transportation

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Auriga Leader (2008), the first solar-powered electric ship.

Video games

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Wii Remote (2006) motion controller.
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2010s

Arts

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Babymetal in 2014. They pioneered the kawaii metal music genre.

Sciences

Spacecraft

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IKAROS, a space probe that used solar sail technology for interplanetary spaceflight in 2010.

Technology

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Kuratas (2012), the first giant boarding mecha robot.

Automobiles

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Toyota Mirai (2014), the first production hydrogen car.

Digital cameras

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Sony α7 (2013), the first full-frame mirrorless interchangeable-lens camera (MILC).

Display technology

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Nintendo 3DS (2011), the first game console with autostereoscopic 3D display (parallax barrier).

Domestic appliances

Microtechnology

Transportation

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Sunflower Shiretoko, a Japanese passenger ferry that made a 750 km autonomous ship voyage in 2022.

Telecommunication

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Kyocera Echo (2011), the first commercial foldable smartphone.
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2020s

Artificial intelligence

Computing

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Fugaku (supercomputer), completed in 2020, reached exascale computing perfornance.

Transportation

See also

References

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