Theodore Dyke Acland, English physician
Georgius Agricola, Saxon mining engineer and natural philosopher
Joseph L. Armstrong, American scholar
Jan Niecisław Baudouin de Courtenay, Polish linguist and slavist
Kamuran Alî Bedirxan, Kurdish politician and writer
Lothar Bisky, German politician
Felix Bloch, Swiss physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics
Marc Bloch, French historian
John Bohnius, German physician
Hjalmar Hjorth Boyesen, American writer and scholar
Tycho Brahe,^{[citation needed]} Danish astronomer
Sylvia Bretschneider (1960-2019), politician, member and speaker of the state assembly (Landtag) of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Selig Brodetsky, President of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Cai Yuanpei, Chinese linguist
James McKeen Cattell, American psychologist
Wei-Liang Chow, Chinese mathematician and stamp collector born in Shanghai, known for his work in algebraic geometry.
Constantine I, Greek monarch
William David Coolidge, American physicist
Karl Ludwig Drobisch (1803–1854), German composer, music theorist and church musician
Georg Dohrn, German conductor
Carl H. Dorner, American politician
Ernst Christoph Dressler, German composer and music theorist
Émile Durkheim, French sociologist
Friedrich Adolf Ebert, Saxon librarian
Nishith Gupta, molecular biologist
Johann Arnold Ebert, Saxon writer and translator
Wilhelm Ehmann, musicologist, conductor, founder and director of the Herford School of Church Music
Ephraim Emerton, American medievalist historian
John O. Evjen, American theologian and church historian
Gustav Fechner, German psychologist
Wilhelm Fuchs (1898–1947), Nazi SS officer and Holocaust perpetrator executed for war crimes
Arnold Gehlen, German philosopher and sociologist
Hans-Dietrich Genscher, German politician
Kurt Albert Gerlach, German sociologist
Johann Wolfgang Goethe, German poet
Woldemar Ludwig Grenser, German obstetrician
Otto von Guericke, German scientist and politician
Gotthard Günther, German-American philosopher
Samuel Hahnemann, founder of homeopathy
Edith Hamilton, American essayist and educator; first female student at the university together with her sister Alice
Albert Hauck, German theologian and church historian
Elsa Herrmann (1893–1957), Jewish German feminist writer and refugee advocate
Johann Adam Hiller, Saxon composer
Milton W. Humphreys, American scholar
Adolf Hurwitz, German mathematician
Edmund Husserl, Austrian philosopher and mathematician
Ulrich von Hutten, Hessian humanist and political leader
Nicolae Iorga, Romanian historian and politician
Wolfgang Iser, German literary theorist
Jan Jesenius, Slovak physician, politician and philosopher
Tomas Garrigue Masaryk, founder and first president of Czechoslovakia, professor of sociology
Uwe Johnson, German writer and translator
Ernst Jünger, German novelist and nationalist activist
Erich Kähler, German mathematician
Erich Kästner, German satirist and children's writer
Paul Kirchhoff, German anthropologist and ethnohistorian
Johannes Knolleisen, German theologian
Alexander Kohut, Hungarian-American rabbi and orientalist
Ku Hung-ming, Malaysian-Chinese scholar
Victor Lange, German-American linguist
Georg Christian Lehms, German poet and novelist
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, German mathematician and philosopher
August Leskien, German linguist
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, German philosopher and writer
Rudolf Leuckart, German zoologist
Karl Liebknecht, German communist activist
Ulrike Liedtke (born 1958), musicologist and politician (SPD)
Lin Yutang, Chinese novelist and inventor
Virgil Madgearu, Romanian economist and sociologist
Bronisław Malinowski, Polish anthropologist
Sándor Márai, Hungarian poet and novelist
Emil Mattiesen (1875–1939), composer, pianist and philosopher
Thomas Mauksch, Lutheran pastor and naturalist
Angela Merkel, German politician
Walter Miller, American philologist
Thomas Müntzer, Thuringian theologian and rebellion leader
Mahoma Mwakipunda Mwaungulu, Malawian politician and freedom fighter
Carl Friedrich Naumann, German mineralogist and geologist
Friedrich Nietzsche, German philosopher
Novalis, German writer and philosopher
Otto Ohlendorf (1907–1951), SS general and Holocaust perpetrator, executed for war crimes
James Morris Page (1864–1936), American mathematician and chairman of University of Virginia
George Pardee, American physician and politician
Lucrețiu Pătrășcanu, Romanian Marxist sociologist and politician
James Phelan, Jr., American politician
Samuel Pufendorf, German jurist and historian
Jeff Radebe African politician and cabinet member
Alexander Radishchev, Russian political thinker
Constantin Rădulescu-Motru, Romanian psychologist and philosopher
Hermann Raster, German-American journalist and political figure
Augustus Quirinus Rivinus (1827–1891), German botanist and physician
Ferdinand de Saussure, Swiss linguist
Hans Ulrich von Schaffgotsch, Silesian nobleman and general
Ludwig Scheeffer, German mathematician
Helmut Schelsky, German sociologist
Hans-Joachim Schulze, German Bach scholar
Kurt Schumacher, German politician
Robert Schumann (1810–1856), German Romantic composer
Georg Philipp Telemann (1681-1767), German Baroque composer
Christoph Graupner (1683-1760), German Baroque composer
Edward Teller, Hungarian-American nuclear physicist
Galsan Tschinag, Mongolian writer, poet and activist
Kārlis Ulmanis, Latvian politician
Dimitri Uznadze, Georgian psychologist
Richard Wagner (1813-1883), German Romantic composer
Ernst Heinrich Weber, German physician
Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, German physicist and philosopher
Gustav Zeuner, German physicist and engineer
Caspar Ziegler, jurist

Notable alumni

Notable faculty

Universitätsmusikdirektor

References