List of Turkish operations in northern Iraq

The Kurdish-Turkish conflict spilled over into Iraqi Kurdistan in 1983,^[8] and has continued there intermittently since. The Turkish Armed Forces has launched a series of operations in Northern Iraq against the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK).^[9] More than 37,000 people have been killed in the conflict since 1984.^[10]

Turkish operations in Northern Iraq
Part of the Kurdish–Turkish conflict; Iraqi Kurdish Civil War
Current military situation:   Controlled by the Federal Government   Controlled by the Kurdistan Region   Controlled by the Turkish Armed Forces
Date 1983–present Location Kurdistan Region, Iraq Result Ongoing
Belligerents
Turkey Previous: KDP (1992, 1995, 1997)[1][2] PUK (1992)[1][2]	PKK YBŞ PJAK[3] YJA STAR[4] Previous: PUK (1997)[5]
Casualties and losses
400+ killed[6]	8,000+ killed 1,700 captured,[6]
6,800+ displaced[7]

The operations resulted in a permanent Turkish presence in northern Iraq since 2018.^[11] The Iraqi government at one time viewed these operations as a violation of Iraq's sovereignty,^[12] with President Barham Salih demanding from Turkey their end, and the withdrawal of all of the Turkish armed forces from his country's territory.^[13]

Date	Operation	TAF Fatalities (Wounded)	PKK Fatalities (Captured)
27 May 1984 – 10 October 1984	Operation Hot Pursuit	?	?
5 October 1992 – 15 November 1992	Operation Northern Iraq	28 (125)	1,551 (1,232)
20 March 1995 – 4 May 1995	Operation Steel	64 (185)	555 (13)
12 May 1997 – 7 July 1997	Operation Hammer	114 (338)	2,730 (418)
25 September 1997 – 15 October 1997	Operation Dawn	31 (91)	865 (37)
21 February 2008 – 29 February 2008	Operation Sun	27[14][15][16]	240
24 July 2015 – 25 July 2015	Operation Martyr Yalçın	8	160
25 April 2017	2017 Turkish airstrikes in Syria and Iraq	0	33
28 May 2019 – 14 June 2020	Operation Claw	17[17]	417[18]
15 June 2020 – 17 April 2022	Operations Claw-Lightning and Thunderbolt	305	141
10 February 2021 – 14 February 2021	Operation Claw-Eagle 2	90	31
23 April 2021 – 17 April 2022	Operations Claw-Lightning and Thunderbolt	36	387
17 April 2022 – 4 May 2022	Operation Claw Lock	83	995
Total:		282 (739)	6,417 (2,700)

See also

• Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present) §External operations