List of chiropterans

Chiroptera is an order of flying placental mammals. Members of this order are called chiropterans, or bats. The order comprises 1318 extant species, which are grouped into 226 genera. The second largest order of mammals after rodents, bats comprise about 20% of all mammal species worldwide. The majority of bats live in South and Central America, Africa, and southern and Southeast Asia, but the order can be found in most of the world outside of Antarctica and the arctic. They live in a variety of habitats, particularly forests and caves but also grasslands, savannas, shrublands, wetlands, deserts, and rocky areas. With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of sustained flight. They range in length from Kitti's hog-nosed bat, at 2 cm (1 in), to the great flying fox, at 37 cm (15 in). Bat wings are relatively proportionate to their size, with the large flying fox having the largest overall wingspan, up to 1.7 m (5.6 ft).^[1]

Clockwise from top-right: Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus), Mexican free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis), greater mouse-eared bats (Myotis myotis), greater short-nosed fruit bat (Cynopterus sphinx), greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum), common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus)

Worldwide distribution of bat species

Chiroptera is divided into two suborders: Yangochiroptera and Yinpterochiroptera. The suborders are further subdivided into clades and families. Yangochiroptera contains fourteen families grouped into three superfamilies: Emballonuroidea, containing the sheath-tailed and slit-faced bats; Noctilionoidea, containing the smoky, mustached, short-tailed, sucker-footed, bulldog, leaf-nosed, and disk-winged bats; and Vespertilionoidea, consisting of the wing-gland, bent-winged, free-tailed, funnel-eared, and vesper bats. Yinpterochiroptera includes seven families grouped into two superfamilies: Pteropodoidea, consisting of the fruit bats, and Rhinolophoidea, containing the hog-nosed, Old World leaf-nosed, false vampire, horseshoe, trident, and mouse-tailed bats.^[2][3] The exact organization of the species is not fixed, with many recent proposals made based on molecular phylogenetic analysis. Nine species have been recorded as going extinct since 1500 CE.

Conventions

The author citation for the species or genus is given after the scientific name; parentheses around the author citation indicate that this was not the original taxonomic placement. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the collective range of species in that genera is provided. Ranges are based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species unless otherwise noted. All extinct genera or species listed alongside extant species went extinct after 1500 CE, and are indicated by a dagger symbol "†".

Classification

The order Chiroptera consists of 1318 extant species belonging to 226 genera. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species. Modern molecular studies indicate that the 226 genera can be grouped into 21 families; these families are divided between two named suborders and are grouped in those suborders into named clades, and some of these families are subdivided into named subfamilies. An additional nine species have been recorded as going extinct since 1500 CE: three in the family Vespertilionidae, and six in the family Pteropodidae.

Suborder Yangochiroptera

• Superfamily Emballonuroidea
  • Family Emballonuridae (sheath-tailed bats)
    • Subfamily Emballonurinae (sheath-tailed, sac-winged, and ghost bats): 12 genera, 36 species
    • Subfamily Taphozoinae (pouched and tomb bats): 2 genera, 18 species
  • Family Nycteridae (slit-faced bats): 1 genus, 16 species
• Superfamily Noctilionoidea
  • Family Furipteridae (smoky and thumbless bats): 2 genera, 2 species
  • Family Mormoopidae (ghost-faced, naked-backed, and mustached bats): 2 genera, 11 species
  • Family Mystacinidae (New Zealand short-tailed bats): 1 genus, 2 species
  • Family Myzopodidae (sucker-footed bats): 1 genus, 2 species
  • Family Noctilionidae (bulldog bats): 1 genus, 2 species
  • Family Phyllostomidae (leaf-nosed bats)
    • Subfamily Carolliinae (short-tailed bats): 1 genus, 8 species
    • Subfamily Desmodontinae (vampire bats): 3 genera, 2 species
    • Subfamily Glossophaginae (long-tongued bats): 16 genera, 37 species
    • Subfamily Glyphonycterinae (big-eared bats): 3 genera, 5 species
    • Subfamily Lonchophyllinae (nectar bats): 2 genera, 16 species
    • Subfamily Lonchorhininae (sword-nosed bats): 1 genus, 5 species
    • Subfamily Macrotinae (leaf-nosed bats): 1 genus, 2 species
    • Subfamily Micronycterinae (big-eared bats): 2 genera, 12 species
    • Subfamily Phyllostominae (round-eared and spear-nosed bats): 10 genera, 22 species
    • Subfamily Rhinophyllinae (little fruit bats): 1 genus, 3 species
    • Subfamily Stenodermatinae (yellow-shouldered and neotropical fruit bats): 20 genera, 90 species
  • Family Thyropteridae (disk-winged bats): 1 genus, 5 species
• Superfamily Vespertilionoidea
  • Family Cistugidae (wing-gland bats): 1 genus, 2 species
  • Family Miniopteridae (bent-winged and long-fingered bats): 1 genus, 31 species
  • Family Molossidae (free-tailed bats)
    • Subfamily Molossinae (free-tailed bats): 18 genera, 119 species
    • Subfamily Tomopeatinae (blunt-eared bat): 1 genus, 1 species
  • Family Natalidae (funnel-eared bats): 3 genera, 11 species
  • Family Vespertilionidae (vesper bats)
    • Subfamily Kerivoulinae (woolly bats): 2 genera, 30 species
    • Subfamily Murininae (tube-nosed bats): 3 genera, 35 species
    • Subfamily Myotinae (mouse-eared bats): 3 genera, 121 species
    • Subfamily Vespertilioninae (pipistrelles and serotines): 45 genera, 278 species (3 extinct)

Suborder Yinpterochiroptera

• Superfamily Pteropodoidea
  • Family Pteropodidae (fruit bats)
    • Subfamily Cynopterinae (short-nosed and tailless fruit bats): 15 genera, 28 species
    • Subfamily Eidolinae (palm bats): 1 genera, 2 species
    • Subfamily Harpyionycterinae (naked-backed fruit bats): 4 genera, 18 species
    • Subfamily Nyctimeninae (tube-nosed fruit bats): 2 genera, 18 species
    • Subfamily Pteropodinae (flying foxes): 7 genera, 81 species (6 extinct)
    • Subfamily Rousettinae (rousettes and epauletted fruit bats): 13 genera, 41 species
    • Subfamily Macroglossusinae (blossom bats): 5 genera, 10 species
• Superfamily Rhinolophoidea
  • Family Craseonycteridae (Kitti's hog-nosed bat): 1 genus, 1 species
  • Family Hipposideridae (Old World leaf-nosed bats): 7 genera, 86 species
  • Family Megadermatidae (false vampire bats): 6 genera, 6 species
  • Family Rhinolophidae (horseshoe bats): 1 genus, 92 species
  • Family Rhinonycteridae (trident bats): 4 genera, 9 species
  • Family Rhinopomatidae (mouse-tailed bats): 1 genus, 6 species

Chiroptera[4] Yangochiroptera Emballonuroidea Myzopodidae Emballonuridae Nycteridae Noctilionoidea Mystacinidae Mormoopidae Phyllostomidae Furipteridae Noctilionidae Thyropteridae Vespertilionoidea Natalidae Molossidae Miniopteridae Cistugidae Vespertilionidae Yinpterochiroptera Pteropodoidea Pteropodidae Rhinolophoidea Hipposideridae Rhinolophidae Rhinonycteridae Craseonycteridae Megadermatidae Rhinopomatidae

Chiropterans

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN and the American Society of Mammalogists.^[2][3]

Suborder Yangochiroptera

Superfamily Emballonuroidea

Family Emballonuridae

Main article: List of emballonurids

Members of the Emballonuridae family are called emballonurids, and include sheath-tailed bats, sac-winged bats, ghost bats, pouched bats, and tomb bats. They are all insectivorous and eat a variety of insects and spiders, and occasionally fruit.^[5] Emballonuridae comprises 54 extant species, divided into 14 genera. These genera are grouped into two subfamilies: Emballonurinae, containing sheath-tailed, sac-winged, ghost, and other bat species, and Taphozoinae, containing pouched and tomb bats.

Subfamily Emballonurinae – Gervais, 1856 – twelve genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Balantiopteryx (sac-winged bat)	Peters, 1867 Three species B. infusca (Ecuadorian sac-winged bat) B. io (Thomas's sac-winged bat) B. plicata (Gray sac-winged bat, pictured)	Mexico, Central America, and northwestern South America	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (Ecuadorian sac-winged bat) to 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (gray sac-winged bat)[6] Habitats: Caves, shrubland, and forest[7]
Centronycteris (shaggy bat)	Gray, 1838 Two species C. centralis (Thomas's shaggy bat, pictured) C. maximiliani (Shaggy bat)	Mexico, Central America, and northern and eastern South America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (Thomas's shaggy bat) to 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (shaggy bat)[6] Habitat: Forest[8]
Coleura (sheath-tailed bat)	Peters, 1867 Three species C. afra (African sheath-tailed bat, pictured) C. kibomalandy (Madagascar sheath-tailed bat) C. seychellensis (Seychelles sheath-tailed bat)	Africa	Size range: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail (multiple)[6] Habitats: Shrubland, forest, caves, savanna, inland wetlands, and desert[9]
Cormura	Peters, 1867 One species C. brevirostris (Chestnut sac-winged bat)	Central America and northern South America	Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail[6] Habitat: Forest[10]
Cyttarops	Thomas, 1913 One species C. alecto (Short-eared bat)	Central America and northern South America	Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 2–3 cm (1–1 in) tail[6] Habitat: Forest[11]
Diclidurus (ghost bat)	Wied-Neuwied, 1820 Four species D. albus (Northern ghost bat, pictured) D. ingens (Greater ghost bat) D. isabellus (Isabelle's ghost bat) D. scutatus (Lesser ghost bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (lesser ghost bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 8 cm (3 in) tail (northern ghost bat)[6] Habitat: Forest[12]
Emballonura (sheath-tailed bat)	Temminck, 1838 Eight species E. alecto (Small Asian sheath-tailed bat) E. beccarii (Beccari's sheath-tailed bat) E. dianae (Large-eared sheath-tailed bat) E. furax (Greater sheath-tailed bat) E. monticola (Lesser sheath-tailed bat) E. raffrayana (Raffray's sheath-tailed bat) E. semicaudata (Pacific sheath-tailed bat, pictured) E. serii (Seri's sheath-tailed bat)	Southeastern Asia	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (Beccari's sheath-tailed bat) to 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (greater sheath-tailed bat)[6] Habitats: Rocky areas, caves, and forest[13]
Mosia	Gray, 1843 One species M. nigrescens (Dark sheath-tailed bat)	Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands	Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in) long, plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail[6] Habitats: Forest, rocky areas, and caves[14]
Paremballonura (false sheath-tailed bat)	Goodman, Puechmaille, Friedli-Weyeneth, Gerlach, Ruedi, Schoeman, Stanley, & Teeling, 2012 Two species P. atrata (Peters's sheath-tailed bat) P. tiavato (Western sheath-tailed bat)	Madagascar	Size range: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail (multiple)[6] Habitats: Caves and forest[15]
Peropteryx (dog-like bat)	Peters, 1867 Five species P. kappleri (Greater dog-like bat) P. leucoptera (White-winged dog-like bat) P. macrotis (Lesser dog-like bat, pictured) P. pallidoptera (Pale-winged dog-like bat) P. trinitatis (Trinidad dog-like bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (lesser dog-like bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (greater dog-like bat)[6] Habitats: Caves, shrubland, and forest[16]
Rhynchonycteris	Peters, 1867 One species R. naso (Proboscis bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in) long, plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail[6] Habitats: Forest and caves[17]
Saccopteryx (sac-winged bat)	Illiger, 1811 Five species S. antioquensis (Antioquian sac-winged bat) S. bilineata (Greater sac-winged bat) S. canescens (Frosted sac-winged bat, pictured) S. gymnura (Amazonian sac-winged bat) S. leptura (Lesser sac-winged bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (Amazonian sac-winged bat) to 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (greater sac-winged bat)[6] Habitats: Caves and forest[18]

Subfamily Taphozoinae – Jerdon, 1867 – two genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Saccolaimus (pouched bat)	Temminck, 1838 Four species S. flaviventris (Yellow-bellied sheath-tailed bat, pictured) S. mixtus (Papuan sheath-tailed bat) S. peli (Pel's pouched bat) S. saccolaimus (Naked-rumped pouched bat)	Southern and southeastern Asia, Australia, and western and central Africa	Size range: 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Papuan sheath-tailed bat) to 14 cm (6 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (Pel's pouched bat)[6] Habitats: Savanna, caves, shrubland, and forest[19]
Taphozous (tomb bat)	Geoffroy, 1818 Fourteen species T. achates (Indonesian tomb bat) T. australis (Coastal sheath-tailed bat, pictured) T. georgianus (Common sheath-tailed bat) T. hamiltoni (Hamilton's tomb bat) T. hildegardeae (Hildegarde's tomb bat) T. hilli (Hill's sheath-tailed bat) T. kapalgensis (Arnhem sheath-tailed bat) T. longimanus (Long-winged tomb bat) T. mauritianus (Mauritian tomb bat) T. melanopogon (Black-bearded tomb bat) T. nudiventris (Naked-rumped tomb bat) T. perforatus (Egyptian tomb bat) T. theobaldi (Theobald's tomb bat) T. troughtoni (Troughton's sheath-tailed bat)	Southern and southeastern Asia, Australia, and Africa	Size range: 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (black-bearded tomb bat) to 11 cm (4 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (naked-rumped tomb bat)[6] Habitats: Shrubland, forest, grassland, coastal marine, rocky areas, savanna, caves, inland wetlands, and desert (some species unknown)[20]

Family Nycteridae

Main article: List of nycterids

Members of the Nycteridae family are called nycterids, or colloquially slit-faced bats. Nycteridae comprises 16 extant species in a single genus. They are all insectivorous, though the large slit-faced bat also regularly eats fish, frogs, birds, and bats.^[21]

Not assigned to a named subfamily – one genus

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Nycteris (slit-faced bat)	Geoffroy & Cuvier, 1795 Sixteen species N. arge (Bates's slit-faced bat) N. aurita (Andersen's slit-faced bat) N. gambiensis (Gambian slit-faced bat) N. grandis (Large slit-faced bat) N. hispida (Hairy slit-faced bat, pictured) N. intermedia (Intermediate slit-faced bat) N. javanica (Javan slit-faced bat) N. macrotis (Large-eared slit-faced bat) N. madagascariensis (Malagasy slit-faced bat) N. major (Ja slit-faced bat) N. nana (Dwarf slit-faced bat) N. parisii (Parissi's slit-faced bat) N. thebaica (Egyptian slit-faced bat) N. tragata (Malayan slit-faced bat) N. vinsoni (Vinson's slit-faced bat) N. woodi (Wood's slit-faced bat)	Africa, western Arabian Peninsula, and southeastern Asia	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (dwarf slit-faced bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 9 cm (4 in) tail (large slit-faced bat)[22] Habitats: Shrubland, forest, grassland, rocky areas, savanna, caves, and desert[23]

Superfamily Noctilionoidea

Family Furipteridae

Members of the Furipteridae family are called furipterids, and include two extant species, each in their own genus. They are both insectivorous.^[24]

Not assigned to a named subfamily – two genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Amorphochilus	Peters, 1877 One species A. schnablii (Smoky bat)	Western South America	Size range: 3–5 cm (1–2 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail[25] Habitat: Forest[26]
Furipterus	Bonaparte, 1837 One species F. horrens (Thumbless bat)	Central America and South America	Size range: 3–5 cm (1–2 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail[25] Habitats: Forest and caves[27]

Family Mormoopidae

Main article: List of mormoopids

Members of the Mormoopidae family are called mormoopids, and include ghost-faced bats, naked-backed bats, and mustached bats. Mormoopidae comprises eleven extant species, divided into two genera. They are all insectivorous.^[28]

Not assigned to a named subfamily – two genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Mormoops (ghost-faced bat)	Leach, 1821 Two species M. blainvillei (Antillean ghost-faced bat, pictured) M. megalophylla (Ghost-faced bat)	Southern North America, Central America, and northern South America	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Antillean ghost-faced bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (ghost-faced bat)[29] Habitats: Caves and forest[30]
Pteronotus (mustached bat)	Gray, 1838 Nine species P. davyi (Davy's naked-backed bat) P. gymnonotus (Big naked-backed bat) P. macleayii (Macleay's mustached bat) P. mesoamericanus (Mesoamerican common mustached bat) P. paraguanensis (Paraguana moustached bat) P. parnellii (Parnell's mustached bat) P. personatus (Wagner's mustached bat, pictured) P. quadridens (Sooty mustached bat) P. rubiginosus (Wagner's common mustached bat)	Mexico, Caribbean, Central America, and northern and central South America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Macleay's mustached bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (Mesoamerican common mustached bat)[29] Habitats: Savanna, caves, and forest[31]

Family Mystacinidae

Members of the Mystacinidae family are called mystacinids, or colloquially New Zealand short-tailed bats, and include two extant species in a single genus. They are both omnivorous, eating insects, fruit, carrion, pollen, and nectar.^[32]

Not assigned to a named subfamily – one genus

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Mystacina (New Zealand short-tailed bat)	Gray, 1843 Two species M. robusta (New Zealand greater short-tailed bat) M. tuberculata (New Zealand lesser short-tailed bat, pictured)	New Zealand	Size range: 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 0.5 cm (0.2 in) tail (New Zealand lesser short-tailed bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (New Zealand greater short-tailed bat)[33] Habitat: Forest[34]

Family Myzopodidae

Members of the Myzopodidae family are called myzopodids, or colloquially sucker-footed bats, and include two extant species in a single genus. They are both insectivorous.^[35]

Not assigned to a named subfamily – one genus

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Myzopoda (sucker-footed bat)	Milne-Edwards & A. Grandidier, 1878 Two species M. aurita (Madagascar sucker-footed bat) M. schliemanni (Western sucker-footed bat)	Madagascar	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (western sucker-footed bat) to 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 6 cm (2 in) tail (Madagascar sucker-footed bat)[36] Habitats: Forest, inland wetlands, and caves[37]

Family Noctilionidae

Members of the Noctilionidae family are called noctilionids, or colloquially bulldog bats, and include two extant species in a single genus. They are both insectivorous, but the greater bulldog bat primarily eats fish.^[38]

Not assigned to a named subfamily – one genus

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Noctilio (bulldog bat)	Linnaeus, 1766 Two species N. albiventris (Lesser bulldog bat) N. leporinus (Greater bulldog bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (lesser bulldog bat) to 10 cm (4 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (greater bulldog bat)[39] Habitats: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and caves[40]

Family Phyllostomidae

Main article: List of phyllostomids

Members of the Phyllostomidae family are called phyllostomids, or colloquially leaf-nosed bats, and include vampire bats, long-tongued bats, big-eared bats, broad-nosed bats, and yellow-shouldered bats. They primarily eat a variety of insects, fruit, nectar, and pollen, though a few will also eat birds, bats, and small mammals, and the three vampire bat species of the subfamily Desmodontinae solely consume blood.^[41] Phyllostomidae comprises 203 extant species, divided into 60 genera. These genera are grouped into eleven subfamilies: Carolliinae, Desmodontinae, Glossophaginae, Glyphonycterinae, Lonchophyllinae, Lonchorhininae, Macrotinae, Micronycterinae, Phyllostominae, Rhinophyllinae, and Stenodermatinae.

Subfamily Carolliinae – Miller, 1924 – one genus

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Carollia (short-tailed bat)	Gray, 1838 Eight species C. benkeithi (Benkeith's short-tailed bat) C. brevicauda (Silky short-tailed bat, pictured) C. castanea (Chestnut short-tailed bat) C. manu (Manu short-tailed bat) C. monohernandezi (Mono's short-tailed bat) C. perspicillata (Seba's short-tailed bat) C. sowelli (Sowell's short-tailed bat) C. subrufa (Gray short-tailed bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 0.5 cm (0.2 in) tail (chestnut short-tailed bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (gray short-tailed bat)[42] Habitats: Caves, savanna, and forest (some species unknown)[43]

Subfamily Desmodontinae – Wagner, 1840 – three genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Desmodus	Wied-Neuwied, 1826 One species D. rotundus (Common vampire bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size: 6–10 cm (2–4 in) long, with no tail[42] Habitats: Rocky areas and caves[44]
Diaemus	Miller, 1906 One species D. youngi (White-winged vampire bat)	Mexico, Central America, and northern South America	Size: 8–9 cm (3–4 in) long, with no tail[42] Habitats: Forest and caves[45]
Diphylla	Spix, 1823 One species D. ecaudata (Hairy-legged vampire bat)	Mexico, Central America, and northern South America	Size: 6–10 cm (2–4 in) long, with no tail[42] Habitats: Forest, grassland, and caves[46]

Subfamily Glossophaginae – Bonaparte, 1845 – sixteen genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Anoura (tailless bat)	Gray, 1838 Nine species A. aequatoris (Equatorial tailless bat) A. cadenai (Cadena's tailless bat) A. caudifer (Tailed tailless bat) A. cultrata (Handley's tailless bat) A. fistulata (Tube-lipped nectar bat) A. geoffroyi (Geoffroy's tailless bat, pictured) A. latidens (Broad-toothed tailless bat) A. luismanueli (Luis Manuel's tailless bat) A. peruana (Tschudi's tailless bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 0.5 cm (0.2 in) tail (tailed tailless bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, with no tail (Tschudi's tailless bat)[42] Habitats: Caves, shrubland, and forest[47]
Brachyphylla (fruit-eating bat)	Gray, 1834 Two species B. cavernarum (Antillean fruit-eating bat, pictured) B. nana (Cuban fruit-eating bat)	Caribbean	Size range: 7 cm (3 in) long, with no tail (Cuban fruit-eating bat) to 10 cm (4 in) long, with no tail (Antillean fruit-eating bat)[42] Habitats: Caves and forest[48]
Choeroniscus (long-tailed bat)	Thomas, 1928 Three species C. godmani (Godman's long-tailed bat) C. minor (Lesser long-tongued bat) C. periosus (Greater long-tailed bat)	Mexico, Central America, and northern South America	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, plus 0.5 cm (0.2 in) tail (Godman's long-tailed bat) to 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (greater long-tailed bat)[42] Habitats: Inland wetlands and forest[49]
Choeronycteris	Tschudi, 1844 One species C. mexicana (Mexican long-tongued bat)	Mexico, Central America, and southern United States	Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail[42] Habitats: Forest, caves, and desert[50]
Dryadonycteris	Nogueira, Lima, Peracchi, & Simmons, 2012 One species D. capixaba (Capixaba nectar-feeding bat)	Eastern Brazil	Size: 5–6 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 0–1 cm (0.0–0.4 in) tail[42] Habitat: Forest[51]
Erophylla (flower bat)	Miller, 1906 Two species E. bombifrons (Brown flower bat) E. sezekorni (Buffy flower bat)	Caribbean	Size range: 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 1 cm (0 in) tail (buffy flower bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (brown flower bat)[42] Habitat: Caves[52]
Glossophaga (long-tongued bat)	Geoffroy, 1818 Five species G. commissarisi (Commissaris's long-tongued bat, pictured) G. leachii (Gray long-tongued bat) G. longirostris (Miller's long-tongued bat) G. morenoi (Western long-tongued bat) G. soricina (Pallas's long-tongued bat)	Mexico, Central America, and Southern Mexico	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 0.5 cm (0.2 in) tail (Commissaris's long-tongued bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Miller's long-tongued bat)[42] Habitats: Caves, shrubland, savanna, and forest[53]
Hylonycteris	Thomas, 1903 One species H. underwoodi (Underwood's long-tongued bat)	Southern Mexico and Central America	Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in) long, plus 0–1 cm (0.0–0.4 in) tail[42] Habitats: Forest and caves[54]
Leptonycteris (long-nosed bat)	Lydekker, 1891 Three species L. curasoae (Southern long-nosed bat, pictured) L. nivalis (Greater long-nosed bat) L. yerbabuenae (Lesser long-nosed bat)	Mexico, Central America, and northern South America	Size range: 7–9 cm (3–4 in) long, with no tail (multiple)[42] Habitats: Desert, caves, and forest[55]
Lichonycteris (little long-tongued bat)	Thomas, 1895 Two species L. degener (Pale brown long-nosed bat) L. obscura (Dark long-tongued bat, pictured)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 4–6 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 0.5–1 cm (0–0 in) tail (multiple)[42] Habitat: Forest[56]
Monophyllus (single leaf bat)	Leach, 1821 Two species M. plethodon (Insular single leaf bat) M. redmani (Leach's single leaf bat, pictured)	Caribbean	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, plus 0.5 cm (0.2 in) tail (Leach's single leaf bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (insular single leaf bat)[42] Habitat: Caves[57]
Musonycteris	Schaldach & McLaughlin, 1960 One species M. harrisoni (Banana bat)	Southern Mexico	Size: 8–9 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail[42] Habitats: Forest and caves[58]
Phyllonycteris (flower bats)	Gundlach, 1860 Two species P. aphylla (Jamaican flower bat) P. poeyi (Cuban flower bat)	Caribbean and Jamaica	Size range: 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 0.5 cm (0.2 in) tail (Jamaican flower bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Cuban flower bat)[42] Habitats: Caves and forest[59]
Platalina	Thomas, 1928 One species P. genovensium (Long-snouted bat)	Western South America	Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 0.5–1 cm (0.2–0.4 in) tail[42] Habitats: Savanna and caves[60]
Scleronycteris	Thomas, 1912 One species S. ega (Ega long-tongued bat)	Northern South America	Size: 5–6 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 0.5–1 cm (0.2–0.4 in) tail[42] Habitat: Forest[61]
Xeronycteris	Gregorin & Ditchfield, 2005 One species X. vieirai (Vieira's long-tongued bat)	Eastern South America	Size: Unknown[42] Habitats: Forest and savanna[62]

Subfamily Glyphonycterinae – Baker, Cirranello, Solari, & Simmons, 2016 – three genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Glyphonycteris (big-eared bat)	Thomas, 1896 Three species G. behnii (Behn's bat) G. daviesi (Davies's big-eared bat, pictured) G. sylvestris (Tricolored big-eared bat)	Central America and South America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 0.5 cm (0.2 in) tail (tricolored big-eared bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Davies's big-eared bat)[42] Habitats: Savanna, caves, and forest[63]
Neonycteris	Sanborn, 1949 One species N. pusilla (Least big-eared bat)	Northern South America	Size: Unknown[42] Habitat: Forest[64]
Trinycteris	Sanborn, 1949 One species T. nicefori (Niceforo's big-eared bat)	Central America and northern and eastern South America	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail[42] Habitat: Forest[65]

Subfamily Lonchophyllinae – Griffiths, 1982 – two genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Lionycteris	Thomas, 1913 One species L. spurrelli (Chestnut long-tongued bat)	Central America and northern South America	Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 0.5–1 cm (0.2–0.4 in) tail[42] Habitats: Forest, savanna, and caves[66]
Lonchophylla (nectar bat)	Thomas, 1903 Fifteen species L. bokermanni (Bokermann's nectar bat) L. cadenai (Cadena's long-tongued bat) L. chocoana (Chocoan long-tongued bat) L. concava (Central American nectar bat) L. dekeyseri (Dekeyser's nectar bat) L. fornicata (Pacific Forest long-tongued bat) L. handleyi (Handley's nectar bat) L. hesperia (Western nectar bat) L. mordax (Goldman's nectar bat) L. orcesi (Orcés's long-tongued bat) L. orienticollina (Eastern Cordilleran nectar bat) L. pattoni (Patton's long-tongued bat) L. peracchii (Peracchi's nectar bat) L. robusta (Orange nectar bat, pictured) L. thomasi (Thomas's nectar bat)	Central America and South America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 0.5 cm (0.2 in) tail (Dekeyser's nectar bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (Handley's nectar bat)[42] Habitats: Savanna, caves, and forest[67]

Subfamily Lonchorhininae – Gray, 1866 – one genus

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Lonchorhina (sword-nosed bat)	Tomes, 1863 Five species L. aurita (Tomes's sword-nosed bat, pictured) L. fernandezi (Fernandez's sword-nosed bat) L. inusitata (Northern sword-nosed bat) L. marinkellei (Marinkelle's sword-nosed bat) L. orinocensis (Orinoco sword-nosed bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (Orinoco sword-nosed bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 7 cm (3 in) tail (Marinkelle's sword-nosed bat)[42] Habitats: Forest, grassland, rocky areas, savanna, and caves[68]

Subfamily Macrotinae – Bussche, 1992 – one genus

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Macrotus (leaf-nosed bat)	Gray, 1843 Two species M. californicus (California leaf-nosed bat, pictured) M. waterhousii (Waterhouse's leaf-nosed bat)	Western United States, Mexico, Central America, and Caribbean	Size range: 8–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail (multiple)[42] Habitats: Caves, shrubland, and forest[69]

Subfamily Micronycterinae – Bussche, 1992 – two genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Lampronycteris	Sanborn, 1949 One species L. brachyotis (Yellow-throated big-eared bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail[42] Habitats: Forest and caves[70]
Micronycteris (big-eared bat)	Gray, 1866 Eleven species M. brosseti (Brosset's big-eared bat) M. buriri (Saint Vincent big-eared bat) M. giovanniae (Giovanni's big-eared bat) M. hirsuta (Hairy big-eared bat) M. matses (Matses's big-eared bat) M. megalotis (Little big-eared bat, pictured) M. microtis (Common big-eared bat) M. minuta (White-bellied big-eared bat) M. sanborni (Sanborn's big-eared bat) M. schmidtorum (Schmidts's big-eared bat) M. yatesi (Yates's big-eared bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (little big-eared bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (hairy big-eared bat)[42] Habitats: Caves, savanna, and forest (some species unknown)[71]

Subfamily Phyllostominae – Gray, 1825 – ten genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Chrotopterus	Peters, 1865 One species C. auritus (Big-eared woolly bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size: 10–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail[42] Habitats: Forest and caves[72]
Gardnerycteris (hairy-nosed bat)	Hurtado & Pacheco, 2014 Two species G. crenulatum (Striped hairy-nosed bat, pictured) G. koepckeae (Koepcke's hairy-nosed bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Koepcke's hairy-nosed bat) to 10 cm (4 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (striped hairy-nosed bat)[42] Habitats: Savanna and forest[73]
Lophostoma (round-eared bat)	d'Orbigny, 1836 Seven species L. brasiliense (Pygmy round-eared bat, pictured) L. carrikeri (Carriker's round-eared bat) L. evotis (Davis's round-eared bat) L. kalkoae (Kalko's round-eared bat) L. occidentale (Western round-eared bat) L. schulzi (Schultz's round-eared bat) L. silvicolum (White-throated round-eared bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (Davis's round-eared bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (white-throated round-eared bat)[42] Habitats: Savanna and forest[74]
Macrophyllum	Gray, 1838 One species M. macrophyllum (Long-legged bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail[42] Habitat: Forest[75]
Mimon (golden bat)	Gray, 1847 Two species M. bennettii (Golden bat) M. cozumelae (Cozumelan golden bat, pictured)	Northern and southeastern South America and Mexico, Central America, and northwestern South America	Size range: 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (golden bat) to 10 cm (4 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (Cozumelan golden bat)[42] Habitats: Caves, savanna, and forest[76]
Phylloderma	Peters, 1865 One species P. stenops (Pale-faced bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail[42] Habitats: Forest, savanna, and inland wetlands[77]
Phyllostomus (spear-nosed bat)	Lacépède, 1799 Four species P. discolor (Pale spear-nosed bat) P. elongatus (Lesser spear-nosed bat) P. hastatus (Greater spear-nosed bat, pictured) P. latifolius (Guianan spear-nosed bat)	South America, Northern South America, Mexico, Central America, and South America, and Central America and South America	Size range: 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (lesser spear-nosed bat) to 13 cm (5 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (greater spear-nosed bat)[42] Habitats: Savanna, caves, and forest[78]
Tonatia (round-eared bat)	Gray, 1827 Two species T. bidens (Greater round-eared bat) T. saurophila (Stripe-headed round-eared bat, pictured)	Mexico, Central America, and South America and Eastern South America	Size range: 6–9 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail (multiple)[42] Habitat: Forest[79]
Trachops	Gray, 1847 One species T. cirrhosus (Fringe-lipped bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail[42] Habitats: Forest and caves[80]
Vampyrum	Rafinesque, 1815 One species V. spectrum (Spectral bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size: 12–16 cm (5–6 in) long, with no tail[42] Habitat: Forest[81]

Subfamily Rhinophyllinae – Baker, Cirranello, Solari, & Simmons, 2016 – one genus

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Rhinophylla (little fruit bat)	Peters, 1865 Three species R. alethina (Hairy little fruit bat) R. fischerae (Fischer's little fruit bat) R. pumilio (Dwarf little fruit bat, pictured)	Northern South America	Size range: 4–6 cm (2–2 in) long, with no tail (multiple)[42] Habitat: Forest[82]

Subfamily Stenodermatinae – Gervais, 1856 – 20 genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Ametrida	Gray, 1847 One species A. centurio (Little white-shouldered bat)	Central America and northern South America	Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in) long, with no tail[42] Habitat: Forest[83]
Ardops	Miller, 1906 One species A. nichollsi (Tree bat)	Caribbean	Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in) long, with no tail[42] Habitat: Forest[84]
Ariteus	Gray, 1838 One species A. flavescens (Jamaican fig-eating bat)	Jamaica	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, with no tail[42] Habitat: Forest[85]
Artibeus (neotropical fruit bat)	Leach, 1821 Twelve species A. aequatorialis (Ecuadorian fruit-eating bat) A. amplus (Large fruit-eating bat) A. concolor (Brown fruit-eating bat) A. fimbriatus (Fringed fruit-eating bat) A. fraterculus (Fraternal fruit-eating bat) A. hirsutus (Hairy fruit-eating bat) A. inopinatus (Honduran fruit-eating bat) A. jamaicensis (Jamaican fruit bat, pictured) A. lituratus (Great fruit-eating bat) A. obscurus (Dark fruit-eating bat) A. planirostris (Flat-faced fruit-eating bat) A. schwartzi (Schwartz's fruit-eating bat)	Mexico, Caribbean, Central America, and northern South America	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (brown fruit-eating bat) to 11 cm (4 in) long (great fruit-eating bat)[42] Habitats: Rocky areas, savanna, caves, and forest[86]
Centurio	Gray, 1842 One species C. senex (Wrinkle-faced bat)	Mexico, Central America, and northern South America	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, with no tail[42] Habitat: Forest[87]
Chiroderma (big-eyed bat)	Peters, 1860 Five species C. doriae (Brazilian big-eyed bat) C. improvisum (Guadeloupe big-eyed bat) C. salvini (Salvin's big-eyed bat, pictured) C. trinitatum (Little big-eyed bat) C. villosum (Hairy big-eyed bat)	Mexico, Central America, Caribbean, and northern South America	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (hairy big-eyed bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long (Guadeloupe big-eyed bat)[42] Habitats: Caves, savanna, and forest[88]
Dermanura (fruit-eating bat)	Gervais, 1856 Eleven species D. anderseni (Andersen's fruit-eating bat) D. aztecus (Aztec fruit-eating bat) D. bogotensis (Bogota fruit-eating bat) D. cinereus (Gervais's fruit-eating bat) D. glaucus (Silver fruit-eating bat) D. gnomus (Gnome fruit-eating bat) D. phaeotis (Pygmy fruit-eating bat) D. rava (Little fruit-eating bat) D. rosenbergi (Rosenberg's fruit-eating bat) D. toltecus (Toltec fruit-eating bat) D. watsoni (Thomas's fruit-eating bat, pictured)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (Andersen's fruit-eating bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long (Aztec fruit-eating bat)[42] Habitats: Savanna, caves, and forest[89]
Ectophylla	H. Allen, 1892 One species E. alba (Honduran white bat)	Central America	Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in) long, with no tail[42] Habitat: Forest[90]
Enchisthenes	K. Andersen, 1906 One species E. hartii (Velvety fruit-eating bat)	Mexico, Central America, and northern South America	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, with no tail[42] Habitat: Forest[91]
Mesophylla	Thomas, 1901 One species M. macconnelli (MacConnell's bat)	Central America and northern South America	Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in) long, with no tail[42] Habitat: Forest[92]
Phyllops	Peters, 1865 One species P. falcatus (Cuban fig-eating bat)	Caribbean	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, with no tail[42] Habitat: Forest[93]
Platyrrhinus (broad-nosed bat)	Saussure, 1860 Eighteen species P. albericoi (Alberico's broad-nosed bat) P. angustirostris (Slender broad-nosed bat) P. aquilus (Darien broad-nosed bat) P. aurarius (Eldorado broad-nosed bat) P. brachycephalus (Short-headed broad-nosed bat) P. dorsalis (Thomas's broad-nosed bat) P. fusciventris (Brown-bellied broad-nosed bat) P. helleri (Heller's broad-nosed bat) P. incarum (Incan broad-nosed bat) P. infuscus (Buffy broad-nosed bat) P. ismaeli (Ismael's broad-nosed bat) P. lineatus (White-lined broad-nosed bat) P. masu (Quechua broad-nosed bat) P. matapalensis (Matapalo broad-nosed bat) P. nitelinea (Western broad-nosed bat) P. recifinus (Recife broad-nosed bat, pictured) P. umbratus (Shadowy broad-nosed bat) P. vittatus (Greater broad-nosed bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (brown-bellied broad-nosed bat) to 11 cm (4 in) long (buffy broad-nosed bat)[42] Habitats: Caves, savanna, and forest[94]
Pygoderma	Peters, 1863 One species P. bilabiatum (Ipanema bat)	Central and eastern South America	Size: Unknown[42] Habitat: Forest[95]
Sphaeronycteris	Peters, 1882 One species S. toxophyllum (Visored bat)	Northern South America	Size: 5–9 cm (2–4 in) long, with no tail[42] Habitat: Forest[96]
Stenoderma	E. Geoffroy, 1818 One species S. rufum (Red fruit bat)	Caribbean	Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in) long, with no tail[42] Habitat: Forest[97]
Sturnira (yellow-shouldered bat)	Gray, 1842 23 species S. angeli (Guadeloupe yellow-shouldered bat) S. aratathomasi (Aratathomas's yellow-shouldered bat) S. bakeri (Baker's yellow-shouldered bat) S. bidens (Bidentate yellow-shouldered bat) S. bogotensis (Bogotá yellow-shouldered bat) S. burtonlimi (Burton's yellow-shouldered bat) S. erythromos (Hairy yellow-shouldered bat) S. hondurensis (Honduran yellow-shouldered bat) S. koopmanhilli (Choco yellow-shouldered bat) S. lilium (Little yellow-shouldered bat) S. ludovici (Highland yellow-shouldered bat) S. luisi (Louis's yellow-shouldered bat) S. magna (Greater yellow-shouldered bat) S. mistratensis (Mistratoan yellow-shouldered bat) S. mordax (Talamancan yellow-shouldered bat) S. nana (Lesser yellow-shouldered bat) S. oporaphilum (Tschudi's yellow-shouldered bat) S. parvidens (Northern yellow-shouldered bat, pictured) S. paulsoni (Paulson's yellow-shouldered bat) S. perla (Perla yellow-shouldered bat) S. sorianoi (Soriano's yellow-shouldered bat) S. thomasi (Thomas's yellow-shouldered bat) S. tildae (Tilda's yellow-shouldered bat)	Mexico, Central America, Caribbean, and South America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (lesser yellow-shouldered bat) to 11 cm (4 in) long (Aratathomas's yellow-shouldered bat)[42] Habitat: Forest[98]
Uroderma (tent-making bat)	Peters, 1865 Two species U. bilobatum (Tent-making bat, pictured) U. magnirostrum (Brown tent-making bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (brown tent-making bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long (tent-making bat)[42] Habitats: Savanna and forest[99]
Vampyressa (little yellow-eared bat)	Thomas, 1900 Three species V. melissa (Melissa's yellow-eared bat) V. pusilla (Southern little yellow-eared bat) V. thyone (Northern little yellow-eared bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (northern little yellow-eared bat) to 7 cm (3 in) long (Melissa's yellow-eared bat)[42] Habitat: Forest[100]
Vampyriscus (yellow-eared bat)	Thomas, 1900 Three species V. bidens (Bidentate yellow-eared bat, pictured) V. brocki (Brock's yellow-eared bat) V. nymphaea (Striped yellow-eared bat)	Central America and northern South America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (Brock's yellow-eared bat) to 7 cm (3 in) long (striped yellow-eared bat)[42] Habitat: Forest[101]
Vampyrodes (stripe-faced bat)	Thomas, 1900 Two species V. caraccioli (Great stripe-faced bat, pictured) V. major (Greater stripe-faced bat)	Central America and northern South America	Size range: 7 cm (3 in) long, with no tail (great stripe-faced bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long (greater stripe-faced bat)[42] Habitat: Forest[102]

Family Thyropteridae

Members of the Thyropteridae family are called thyropterids, or colloquially disk-winged bats, and include five extant species in a single genus. They are all insectivorous.^[103]

Not assigned to a named subfamily – one genus

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Thyroptera (disk-winged bat)	Miller, 1907 Five species T. devivoi (De Vivo's disk-winged bat) T. discifera (Peters's disk-winged bat, pictured) T. lavali (LaVal's disk-winged bat) T. tricolor (Spix's disk-winged bat) T. wynneae (Patricia's disk-winged bat)	Central America and South America	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (De Vivo's disk-winged bat) to 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (LaVal's disk-winged bat)[104] Habitats: Forest and savanna[105]

Superfamily Vespertilionoidea

Family Cistugidae

Members of the Cistugidae family are called cistugids, or colloquially wing-gland bats, and include two extant species in a single genus. They are both insectivorous.^[106]

Not assigned to a named subfamily – one genus

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Cistugo (wing-gland bat)	Thomas, 1912 Two species C. lesueuri (Lesueur's hairy bat) C. seabrai (Angolan hairy bat)	Southern Africa	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (Angolan hairy bat) to 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (Lesueur's hairy bat)[107] Habitats: Rocky areas, shrubland, grassland, and desert[108]

Family Miniopteridae

Main article: List of miniopterids

Members of the Miniopteridae family are called miniopterids, and include bent-winged bats, or long-fingered bats. They are all insectivorous.^[109] Miniopteridae comprises 31 extant species in a single genus.

Not assigned to a named subfamily – one genus

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Miniopterus	Bonaparte, 1837 31 species M. aelleni (Aellen's long-fingered bat) M. africanus (African long-fingered bat) M. ambohitrensis (Montagne d'Ambre long-fingered bat) M. australis (Little bent-wing bat) M. brachytragos (Madagascar long-fingered bat) M. egeri (Eger's long-fingered bat) M. fraterculus (Lesser long-fingered bat) M. fuscus (Southeast Asian long-fingered bat) M. gleni (Glen's long-fingered bat) M. griffithsi (Griffith's long-fingered bat) M. griveaudi (Griveaud's long-fingered bat) M. inflatus (Greater long-fingered bat) M. macrocneme (Small melanesian long-fingered bat) M. maghrebensis (Maghrebian bent-wing bat) M. magnater (Western bent-winged bat) M. mahafaliensis (Mahafaly long-fingered bat) M. majori (Major's long-fingered bat) M. manavi (Manavi long-fingered bat) M. medius (Intermediate long-fingered bat) M. minor (Least long-fingered bat) M. natalensis (Natal long-fingered bat) M. newtoni (Newton's long-fingered bat) M. pallidus (Pale bent-wing bat) M. paululus (Philippine long-fingered bat) M. petersoni (Peterson's long-fingered bat) M. pusillus (Small bent-winged bat) M. robustior (Loyalty bent-winged bat) M. schreibersii (Common bent-wing bat, pictured) M. shortridgei (Shortridge's long-fingered bat) M. sororculus (Sororcula long-fingered bat) M. tristis (Great bent-winged bat)	Europe, Africa, and western, southeastern, and eastern Asia	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (little bent-wing bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 7 cm (3 in) tail (great bent-winged bat)[110] Habitats: Shrubland, forest, grassland, rocky areas, caves, savanna, inland wetlands, and desert[111]

Family Molossidae

Main article: List of molossids

Members of the Molossidae family are called molossids, or colloquially free-tailed bats. They are all insectivorous.^[112] Miniopteridae comprises 120 extant species, divided into 19 genera. These genera are grouped into two subfamilies: Molossinae, containing 119 species, and Tomopeatinae, which consists of a single species.

Subfamily Molossinae – Gervais, 1856 – eighteen genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Austronomus (Australasian free-tailed bat)	Troughton, 1944 Two species A. australis (White-striped free-tailed bat, pictured) A. kuboriensis (New Guinea free-tailed bat)	Australia and New Guinea	Size range: 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (New Guinea free-tailed bat) to 10 cm (4 in) long, plus 6 cm (2 in) tail (white-striped free-tailed bat)[113] Habitats: Shrubland, forest, grassland, savanna, and desert[114]
Cheiromeles (naked bat)	Horsfield, 1824 Two species C. parvidens (Lesser naked bat) C. torquatus (Hairless bat)	Southeastern Asia	Size range: 10 cm (4 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (lesser naked bat) to 18 cm (7 in) long, plus 8 cm (3 in) tail (hairless bat)[113] Habitats: Caves and forest[115]
Cynomops (dog-faced bat)	Thomas, 1920 Six species C. abrasus (Cinnamon dog-faced bat, pictured) C. greenhalli (Greenhall's dog-faced bat) C. mexicanus (Mexican dog-faced bat) C. milleri (Miller's dog-faced bat) C. paranus (Para dog-faced bat) C. planirostris (Southern dog-faced bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Greenhall's dog-faced bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (cinnamon dog-faced bat)[113] Habitat: Forest[116]
Eumops (bonneted bat)	Miller, 1906 Fifteen species E. auripendulus (Black bonneted bat) E. bonariensis (Dwarf bonneted bat, pictured) E. dabbenei (Big bonneted bat) E. delticus (Delta bonneted bat) E. ferox (Fierce bonneted bat) E. floridanus (Florida bonneted bat) E. glaucinus (Wagner's bonneted bat) E. hansae (Sanborn's bonneted bat) E. maurus (Guianan bonneted bat) E. nanus (Northern dwarf bonneted bat) E. patagonicus (Patagonian bonneted bat) E. perotis (Western mastiff bat) E. trumbulli (Colombian bonneted bat) E. underwoodi (Underwood's bonneted bat) E. wilsoni (Wilson's bonneted bat)	Southern North America, Central America, and South America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (northern dwarf bonneted bat) to 13 cm (5 in) long, plus 6 cm (2 in) tail (Colombian bonneted bat)[113] Habitats: Forest, coastal marine, rocky areas, savanna, caves, and desert[117]
Micronomus	Gray, 1839 One species M. norfolkensis (East-coast free-tailed bat)	Eastern Australia	Size: 5–6 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail[113] Habitats: Forest and shrubland[118]
Molossops (dog-faced bat)	Peters, 1865 Four species M. aequatorianus (Equatorial dog-faced bat) M. mattogrossensis (Mato Grosso dog-faced bat) M. neglectus (Rufous dog-faced bat, pictured) M. temminckii (Dwarf dog-faced bat)	South America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (dwarf dog-faced bat) to 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (rufous dog-faced bat)[113] Habitats: Rocky areas, and forest (some species unknown)[119]
Molossus (velvety free-tailed bat)	Geoffroy, 1805 Nine species M. alvarezi (Alvarez's mastiff bat) M. aztecus (Aztec mastiff bat) M. bondae (Bonda mastiff bat) M. coibensis (Coiban mastiff bat) M. currentium (Thomas's mastiff bat) M. molossus (Velvety free-tailed bat, pictured) M. pretiosus (Miller's mastiff bat) M. rufus (Black mastiff bat) M. sinaloae (Sinaloan mastiff bat)	Mexico, Caribbean, Central America, and South America	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (Aztec mastiff bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (Alvarez's mastiff bat)[113] Habitats: Shrubland, forest, grassland, savanna, and caves[120]
Mops (free-tailed bat)	Lesson, 1842 36 species M. aloysiisabaudiae (Duke of Abruzzi's free-tailed bat) M. ansorgei (Ansorge's free-tailed bat) M. atsinanana (Madagascar free-tailed bat) M. bemmeleni (Gland-tailed free-tailed bat) M. bivittatus (Spotted free-tailed bat) M. brachypterus (Sierra Leone free-tailed bat) M. bregullae (Fijian mastiff bat) M. chapini (Chapin's free-tailed bat) M. condylurus (Angolan free-tailed bat) M. congicus (Medje free-tailed bat) M. demonstrator (Mongalla free-tailed bat) M. gallagheri (Gallagher's free-tailed bat) M. jobensis (Northern freetail bat) M. jobimena (Black and red free-tailed bat) M. johorensis (Northern free-tailed bat) M. leucogaster (Grandidier's free-tailed bat) M. leucostigma (Malagasy white-bellied free-tailed bat) M. major (Lappet-eared free-tailed bat) M. midas (Midas free-tailed bat) M. mops (Malayan free-tailed bat) M. nanulus (Dwarf free-tailed bat) M. niangarae (Niangara free-tailed bat) M. nigeriae (Nigerian free-tailed bat) M. niveiventer (White-bellied free-tailed bat) M. petersoni (Peterson's free-tailed bat) M. plicatus (Wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bat, pictured) M. pumilus (Little free-tailed bat) M. pusillus (Seychelles free-tailed bat) M. russatus (Russet free-tailed bat) M. sarasinorum (Sulawesi free-tailed bat) M. shortridgei (Shortridge's free-tailed bat) M. solomonis (Solomons mastiff bat) M. spurrelli (Spurrell's free-tailed bat) M. thersites (Railer bat) M. tomensis (São Tomé free-tailed bat) M. trevori (Trevor's free-tailed bat)	Africa and eastern and southeastern Asia	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (little free-tailed bat) to 10 cm (4 in) long, plus 6 cm (2 in) tail (Medje free-tailed bat)[113] Habitats: Shrubland, forest, coastal marine, rocky areas, savanna, caves, and desert[121]
Mormopterus (little mastiff bat)	Peters, 1865 Seven species M. acetabulosus (Natal free-tailed bat, pictured) M. doriae (Sumatran mastiff bat) M. francoismoutoui (Reunion little mastiff bat) M. jugularis (Peters's wrinkle-lipped bat) M. kalinowskii (Kalinowski's mastiff bat) M. minutus (Little goblin bat) M. phrudus (Incan little mastiff bat)	Western South America, Cuba, Madagascar and nearby islands, and island of Sumatra in Indonesia	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Kalinowski's mastiff bat) to 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (Peters's wrinkle-lipped bat)[113] Habitats: Shrubland, forest, rocky areas, and caves[122]
Myopterus (African free-tailed bat)	Geoffroy, 1818 Two species M. daubentonii (Daubenton's free-tailed bat, pictured) M. whitleyi (Bini free-tailed bat)	Western and central Africa	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Bini free-tailed bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (Daubenton's free-tailed bat)[113] Habitats: Savanna and forest[123]
Nyctinomops (free-tailed bat)	Miller, 1865 Four species N. aurispinosus (Peale's free-tailed bat) N. femorosaccus (Pocketed free-tailed bat) N. laticaudatus (Broad-eared bat) N. macrotis (Big free-tailed bat, pictured)	North and South America	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (broad-eared bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 7 cm (3 in) tail (big free-tailed bat)[113] Habitats: Rocky areas, caves, and forest[124]
Otomops (mastiff bat)	Thomas, 1913 Eight species O. formosus (Javan mastiff bat) O. harrisoni (Harrison's large-eared giant mastiff bat) O. johnstonei (Johnstone's mastiff bat) O. madagascariensis (Madagascar free-tailed bat) O. martiensseni (Large-eared free-tailed bat) O. papuensis (Big-eared mastiff bat) O. secundus (Mantled mastiff bat) O. wroughtoni (Wroughton's free-tailed bat, pictured)	Africa, southern Arabian Peninsula, and southern and southeastern Asia	Size range: 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (big-eared mastiff bat) to 11 cm (4 in) long, plus 6 cm (2 in) tail (Harrison's large-eared giant mastiff bat)[113] Habitats: Savanna, caves, and forest[125]
Ozimops (Australian free-tailed bat)	Reardon, McKenzie, & Adams, 2014 Nine species O. beccarii (Beccari's free-tailed bat) O. cobourgianus (Northern coastal free-tailed bat) O. halli (Cape York free-tailed bat) O. kitcheneri (South-western free-tailed bat) O. loriae (Loria's free-tailed bat) O. lumsdenae (Lumsden's free-tailed bat) O. petersi (Inland free-tailed bat) O. planiceps (Southern free-tailed bat) O. ridei (Ride's free-tailed bat)	Australia, southeastern Asia	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Cape York free-tailed bat) to 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (Beccari's free-tailed bat)[113] Habitats: Shrubland, forest, grassland, savanna, caves, inland wetlands, and desert[126]
Platymops	Thomas, 1906 One species P. setiger (Peters's flat-headed bat)	Eastern Africa	Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail[113] Habitats: Savanna and rocky areas[127]
Promops (mastiff bat)	Gervais, 1856 Three species P. centralis (Big crested mastiff bat) P. davisoni (Davison's mastiff bat) P. nasutus (Brown mastiff bat)	Southern Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 5–10 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail (big crested mastiff bat)[113] Habitats: Forest (some species unknown)[128]
Sauromys	Peterson, 1965 One species S. petrophilus (Roberts's flat-headed bat)	Southern Africa	Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail[113] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, and rocky areas[129]
Setirostris	Reardon, McKenzie, Cooper, Appleton, Carthew, & Adams, 2014 One species S. eleryi (Hairy-nosed free-tailed bat)	Australia	Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail[113] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, and rocky areas[130]
Tadarida (guano bat)	Rafinesque, 1814 Eight species T. aegyptiaca (Egyptian free-tailed bat) T. brasiliensis (Mexican free-tailed bat, pictured) T. fulminans (Madagascan large free-tailed bat) T. insignis (East Asian free-tailed bat) T. latouchei (La Touche's free-tailed bat) T. lobata (Kenyan big-eared free-tailed bat) T. teniotis (European free-tailed bat) T. ventralis (African giant free-tailed bat)	North America, South America, Africa, Eastern Asia, southern Europe, and western, eastern, and southeastern Asia and Madagascar	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Mexican free-tailed bat) to 11 cm (4 in) long, plus 7 cm (3 in) tail (African giant free-tailed bat)[113] Habitats: Shrubland, forest, grassland, coastal marine, rocky areas, savanna, caves, and desert[131]

Subfamily Tomopeatinae – Miller, 1907 – one genus

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Tomopeas	Miller, 1900 One species T. ravus (Blunt-eared bat)	Peru	Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail[113] Habitat: Caves[132]

Family Natalidae

Main article: List of natalids

Members of the Natalidae family are called natalids, or colloquially funnel-eared bats. They are all insectivorous.^[133] Natalidae comprises eleven extant species, divided into three genera.

Not assigned to a named subfamily – three genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Chilonatalus (lesser funnel-eared bat)	Miller, 1898 Three species C. macer (Cuban lesser funnel-eared bat) C. micropus (Cuban funnel-eared bat, pictured) C. tumidifrons (Bahaman funnel-eared bat)	Caribbean	Size range: Unknown[134] Habitats: Caves and forest[135]
Natalus (greater funnel-eared bat)	Gray, 1838 Seven species N. jamaicensis (Jamaican greater funnel-eared bat) N. macrourus (Brazilian funnel-eared bat) N. major (Hispaniolan greater funnel-eared bat) N. mexicanus (Mexican greater funnel-eared bat, pictured) N. primus (Cuban greater funnel-eared bat) N. stramineus (Mexican funnel-eared bat) N. tumidirostris (Trinidadian funnel-eared bat)	Central America, South America, and Caribbean	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (Mexican greater funnel-eared bat) to 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 6 cm (2 in) tail (Jamaican greater funnel-eared bat)[134] Habitats: Caves and forest[136]
Nyctiellus	Gervais, 1855 One species N. lepidus (Gervais's funnel-eared bat)	Cuba and The Bahamas	Size: Unknown[134] Habitats: Forest and caves[137]

Family Vespertilionidae

Main articles: List of kerivoulines, List of murinines, List of myotines, and List of vespertilionines

Members of the Vespertilionidae family are called vespertilionids, or colloquially vesper bats, and include woolly bats, tube-nosed bats, mouse-eared bats, pipistrelles and serotines. They are all insectivorous, though one species also eats small birds.^[106] Vespertilionidae comprises 461 extant species, divided into 53 genera. These genera are grouped into four subfamilies: Kerivoulinae, or woolly bats; Murininae, or tube-nosed bats; Myotinae, or mouse-eared bats; and Vespertilioninae, which includes pipistrelles, serotines, and other bat species. Vespertilioninae additionally contins three species which have been made extinct since 1500 CE.

Subfamily Kerivoulinae – Miller, 1907 – two genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Kerivoula (woolly bat)	Gray, 1842 26 species K. africana (Tanzanian woolly bat) K. agnella (St. Aignan's trumpet-eared bat) K. argentata (Damara woolly bat) K. crypta (Cryptic woolly bat) K. cuprosa (Copper woolly bat) K. depressa (Flat-skulled woolly bat) K. dongduongana (Indochinese woolly bat) K. eriophora (Ethiopian woolly bat) K. flora (Flores woolly bat) K. furva (Dark woolly bat) K. hardwickii (Hardwicke's woolly bat) K. intermedia (Small woolly bat) K. kachinensis (Kachin woolly bat) K. krauensis (Krau woolly bat) K. lanosa (Lesser woolly bat) K. lenis (Lenis woolly bat) K. minuta (Least woolly bat) K. muscina (Fly River trumpet-eared bat) K. myrella (Bismarck trumpet-eared bat) K. papillosa (Papillose woolly bat) K. pellucida (Clear-winged woolly bat) K. phalaena (Spurrell's woolly bat) K. picta (Painted bat, pictured) K. smithii (Smith's woolly bat) K. titania (Titania's woolly bat) K. whiteheadi (Whitehead's woolly bat)	Africa and southeastern Asia	Size range: 2 cm (1 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Least woolly bat) to 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 7 cm (3 in) tail (Kachin woolly bat)[138] Habitats: Savanna, forest, caves, and grassland (some species unknown)[139]
Phoniscus (trumpet-eared bat)	Miller, 1905 Four species P. aerosa (Dubious trumpet-eared bat, pictured) P. atrox (Groove-toothed bat) P. jagorii (Peters's trumpet-eared bat) P. papuensis (Golden-tipped bat)	Papua New Guinea and eastern Australia, Southeastern Asia, and Possibly southeastern Africa	Size range: 4–6 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail (multiple)[138] Habitats: Forest and inland wetlands[140]

Subfamily Murininae – Miller, 1907 – three genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Harpiocephalus	Gray, 1842 One species H. harpia (Lesser hairy-winged bat)	Southeastern Asia	Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 4–5 cm (2–2 in) tail[138] Habitat: Forest[141]
Harpiola (tube-nosed bat)	Thomas, 1915 Two species H. grisea (Peters's tube-nosed bat) H. isodon (Formosan golden tube-nosed bat)	India and Taiwan	Size range: 4–6 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail (multiple)[138] Habitats: Forest, inland wetlands, and caves[142]
Murina (tube-nosed bat)	Gray, 1842 32 species M. aenea (Bronze tube-nosed bat) M. annamitica (Annam tube-nosed bat) M. aurata (Little tube-nosed bat) M. balaensis (Bala tube-nosed bat) M. beelzebub (Beelzebub's tube-nosed bat) M. bicolor (Bicolored tube-nosed bat) M. chrysochaetes (Golden-haired tube-nosed bat) M. cyclotis (Round-eared tube-nosed bat) M. eleryi (Elery's tube-nosed bat) M. feae (Fea's tube-nosed bat) M. fionae (Fiona's tube-nosed bat) M. florium (Flute-nosed bat) M. fusca (Dusky tube-nosed bat) M. gracilis (Slender tube-nosed bat) M. harpioloides (Da Lat tube-nosed bat) M. harrisoni (Harrison's tube-nosed bat) M. hilgendorfi (Hilgendorf's tube-nosed bat, pictured) M. huttoni (Hutton's tube-nosed bat) M. jaintiana (Jaintia tube-nosed bat) M. leucogaster (Greater tube-nosed bat) M. lorelieae (Lorelie's tube-nosed bat) M. pluvialis (Rainforest tube-nosed bat) M. puta (Taiwan tube-nosed bat) M. recondita (Hidden tube-nosed bat) M. rozendaali (Gilded tube-nosed bat) M. ryukyuana (Ryukyu tube-nosed bat) M. shuipuensis (Shuipu tube-nosed bat) M. suilla (Brown tube-nosed bat) M. tenebrosa (Gloomy tube-nosed bat) M. tubinaris (Scully's tube-nosed bat) M. ussuriensis (Ussuri tube-nosed bat) M. walstoni (Walston's tube-nosed bat)	Southern, southeastern, and eastern Asia, and Northern Australia	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (Annam tube-nosed bat) to 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (brown tube-nosed bat)[138] Habitats: Savanna, forest, and caves (some species unknown)[143]

Subfamily Myotinae – Tate, 1942 – three genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Eudiscopus	Conisbee, 1953 One species E. denticulus (Disk-footed bat)	Southeastern Asia	Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail[138] Habitat: Forest[144]
Myotis (mouse-eared bat)	Kaup, 1829 Many species M. adversus (Large-footed bat) M. aelleni (Southern myotis) M. albescens (Silver-tipped myotis) M. alcathoe (Alcathoe bat) M. altarium (Szechwan myotis) M. anjouanensis (Anjouan myotis) M. annamiticus (Annamit myotis) M. annatessae (Anna Tess's bat) M. annectans (Hairy-faced bat) M. atacamensis (Atacama myotis) M. ater (Peters's myotis) M. auriculus (Southwestern myotis) M. australis (Australian myotis) M. austroriparius (Southeastern myotis) M. bechsteinii (Bechstein's bat) M. blythii (Lesser mouse-eared bat) M. bocagii (Rufous mouse-eared bat) M. bombinus (Far Eastern myotis) M. borneoensis (Bornean whiskered myotis) M. brandtii (Brandt's bat) M. bucharensis (Bocharic myotis) M. californicus (California myotis) M. capaccinii (Long-fingered bat) M. chiloensis (Chilean myotis) M. chinensis (Large myotis) M. ciliolabrum (Western small-footed bat) M. cobanensis (Guatemalan myotis) M. crypticus (Cryptic myotis) M. csorbai (Csorba's mouse-eared bat) M. dasycneme (Pond bat) M. daubentonii (Daubenton's bat) M. davidii (David's myotis) M. dieteri (Kock's mouse-eared bat) M. diminutus (Diminutive bat) M. dinellii (Dinelli's myotis) M. dominicensis (Dominican myotis) M. elegans (Elegant myotis) M. emarginatus (Geoffroy's bat) M. escalerai (Escalera's bat) M. evotis (Long-eared myotis) M. federatus (Malaysian whiskered myotis) M. fimbriatus (Fringed long-footed myotis) M. findleyi (Findley's myotis) M. formosus (Hodgson's bat, pictured) M. fortidens (Cinnamon myotis) M. frater (Fraternal myotis) M. gomantongensis (Gomantong myotis) M. goudoti (Malagasy mouse-eared bat) M. grisescens (Gray bat) M. hasseltii (Lesser large-footed bat) M. hermani (Herman's myotis) M. horsfieldii (Horsfield's bat) M. ikonnikovi (Ikonnikov's bat) M. indochinensis (Indochinese mouse-eared bat) M. insularum (Insular myotis) M. izecksohni (Izecksohn's myotis) M. keaysi (Hairy-legged myotis) M. keenii (Keen's myotis) M. laniger (Chinese water myotis) M. lavali (LaVal's myotis) M. leibii (Eastern small-footed myotis) M. levis (Yellowish myotis) M. longicaudatus (Long-tailed myotis) M. longipes (Kashmir cave bat) M. lucifugus (Little brown bat) M. macrodactylus (Eastern long-fingered bat) M. macropus (Large-footed myotis) M. macrotarsus (Pallid large-footed myotis) M. martiniquensis (Schwartz's myotis) M. melanorhinus (Dark-nosed small-footed myotis) M. moluccarum (Maluku myotis) M. montivagus (Burmese whiskered myotis) M. morrisi (Morris's bat) M. muricola (Wall-roosting mouse-eared bat) M. myotis (Greater mouse-eared bat) M. mystacinus (Whiskered bat) M. nattereri (Natterer's bat) M. nesopolus (Curacao myotis) M. nigricans (Black myotis) M. nimbaensis (Nimba myotis) M. nipalensis (Nepal myotis) M. nyctor (Barbados myotis) M. occultus (Arizona myotis) M. oreias (Singapore whiskered bat) M. oxyotus (Montane myotis) M. peninsularis (Peninsular myotis) M. pequinius (Beijing mouse-eared bat) M. petax (Eastern water bat) M. peytoni (Peyton's myotis) M. pilosus (Rickett's big-footed bat) M. planiceps (Flat-headed myotis) M. pruinosus (Frosted myotis) M. punicus (Felten's myotis) M. ridleyi (Ridley's bat) M. riparius (Riparian myotis) M. rosseti (Thick-thumbed myotis) M. ruber (Red myotis) M. rufoniger (Reddish-black myotis) M. rufopictus (Orange-fingered myotis) M. schaubi (Schaub's myotis) M. scotti (Scott's mouse-eared bat) M. secundus (Long-toed myotis) M. septentrionalis (Northern long-eared bat) M. sibiricus (Siberian bat) M. sicarius (Mandelli's mouse-eared bat) M. siligorensis (Himalayan whiskered bat) M. simus (Velvety myotis) M. sodalis (Indiana bat) M. soror (Reddish myotis) M. stalkeri (Kei myotis) M. thysanodes (Fringed myotis) M. tricolor (Cape hairy bat) M. velifer (Cave myotis) M. vivesi (Fish-eating bat) M. volans (Long-legged myotis) M. weberi (Weber's myotis) M. welwitschii (Welwitsch's bat) M. yanbarensis (Yanbaru whiskered bat) M. yumanensis (Yuma myotis)	North America, South America, Europe, Africa, southern, southeastern, and eastern Asia, and Australia	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (Alcathoe bat) to 10 cm (4 in) long, plus 6 cm (2 in) tail (large myotis)[138] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, caves, desert, neritic marine, rocky areas, grassland, and inland wetlands (some species unknown)[145]
Submyotodon	Ziegler, 2003 One species S. latirostris (Taiwan broad-muzzled bat)	Taiwan	Size: 3–4 cm (1–2 in) long, plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail[138] Habitat: Forest[146]

Subfamily Vespertilioninae – Gray, 1821 – forty-five genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Antrozous	H. Allen, 1862 One species A. pallidus (Pallid bat)	Western North America and Cuba	Size: 5–9 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail[138] Habitats: Forest, rocky areas, and caves[147]
Arielulus (gilded sprite)	Hill & Harrison, 1987 Four species A. circumdatus (Bronze sprite, pictured) A. cuprosus (Coppery sprite) A. societatis (Social sprite) A. torquatus (Necklace sprite)	Southeastern Asia	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (bronze sprite) to 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (necklace sprite)[138] Habitats: Forest and inland wetlands[148]
Baeodon (yellow bat)	Miller, 1906 Two species B. alleni (Allen's yellow bat) B. gracilis (Slender yellow bat)	Southern Mexico	Size range: 4–5 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail (multiple)[138] Habitat: Forest[149]
Barbastella (barbastelle)	Gray, 1821 Four species B. barbastellus (Western barbastelle, pictured) B. beijingensis (Beijing barbastelle) B. darjelingensis (Eastern barbastelle) B. leucomelas (Arabian barbastelle)	Europe, northern Africa, and western, southern, and eastern Asia	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (eastern barbastelle) to 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (Beijing barbastelle)[138] Habitats: Shrubland, forest, caves, and rocky areas[150]
Bauerus	Van Gelder, 1959 One species B. dubiaquercus (Van Gelder's bat)	Southern Mexico and Central America	Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 4–6 cm (2–2 in) tail[138] Habitat: Forest[151]
Chalinolobus (wattled bat)	Peters, 1866 Seven species C. dwyeri (Large-eared pied bat, pictured) C. gouldii (Gould's wattled bat) C. morio (Chocolate wattled bat) C. neocaledonicus (New Caledonian wattled bat) C. nigrogriseus (Hoary wattled bat) C. picatus (Little pied bat) C. tuberculatus (New Zealand long-tailed bat)	New Zealand, Australia, and New Caledonia	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (chocolate wattled bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (Gould's wattled bat)[138] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, caves, and grassland[152]
Corynorhinus (American lump-nosed bat)	H. Allen, 1865 Three species C. mexicanus (Mexican big-eared bat) C. rafinesquii (Rafinesque's big-eared bat) C. townsendii (Townsend's big-eared bat)	North America	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (Rafinesque's big-eared bat) to 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 6 cm (2 in) tail (Mexican big-eared bat)[138] Habitats: Shrubland, forest, and caves[153]
Eptesicus (serotine bat)	Rafinesque, 1820 26 species E. anatolicus (Anatolian serotine) E. andinus (Little black serotine) E. bobrinskoi (Bobrinski's serotine) E. bottae (Botta's serotine) E. brasiliensis (Brazilian brown bat) E. chiriquinus (Chiriquinan serotine) E. diminutus (Diminutive serotine) E. dimissus (Surat helmeted bat) E. floweri (Horn-skinned bat) E. furinalis (Argentine brown bat) E. fuscus (Big brown bat) E. gobiensis (Gobi big brown bat) E. guadeloupensis (Guadeloupe big brown bat) E. hottentotus (Long-tailed house bat) E. innoxius (Harmless serotine) E. isabellinus (Meridional serotine) E. japonensis (Japanese short-tailed bat) E. kobayashii (Kobayashi's bat) E. nilssonii (Northern bat, pictured) E. ognevi (Ognev's serotine) E. pachyomus (Oriental serotine) E. pachyotis (Thick-eared bat) E. platyops (Lagos serotine) E. serotinus (Serotine bat) E. taddeii (Taddei's serotine) E. tatei (Sombre bat)	North America, South America, Africa, Europe, and Asia	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (Argentine brown bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 6 cm (2 in) tail (big brown bat)[138] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, caves, desert, rocky areas, grassland, and inland wetlands[154]
Euderma	H. Allen, 1892 One species E. maculatum (Spotted bat)	Western North America	Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 4–5 cm (2–2 in) tail[138] Habitats: Forest, caves, and desert[155]
Falsistrellus (false pipistrelle)	Troughton, 1943 Two species F. mackenziei (Western false pipistrelle) F. tasmaniensis (Eastern false pipistrelle)	Australia	Size range: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 4–6 cm (2–2 in) tail (multiple)[138] Habitat: Forest[156]
Glauconycteris (butterfly bat)	Dobson, 1875 Twelve species G. alboguttata (Allen's striped bat) G. argentata (Silvered bat) G. beatrix (Beatrix's bat) G. curryae (Curry's bat) G. egeria (Bibundi bat) G. gleni (Glen's wattled bat) G. humeralis (Allen's spotted bat) G. kenyacola (Kenyan wattled bat) G. machadoi (Machado's butterfly bat) G. poensis (Abo bat) G. superba (Pied butterfly bat, pictured) G. variegata (Variegated butterfly bat)	Sub-Saharan Africa	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (Allen's spotted bat) to 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (pied butterfly bat)[138] Habitats: Shrubland, savanna, and forest[157]
Glischropus (thick-thumbed bat)	Dobson, 1875 Three species G. bucephalus (Indochinese thick-thumbed bat) G. javanus (Javan thick-thumbed bat) G. tylopus (Common thick-thumbed bat, pictured)	Southeastern Asia	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (common thick-thumbed bat) to 5 cm (2 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (Indochinese thick-thumbed bat)[138] Habitat: Forest[158]
Hesperoptenus (false serotine)	Peters, 1868 Five species H. blanfordi (Blanford's bat) H. doriae (False serotine bat) H. gaskelli (Gaskell's false serotine) H. tickelli (Tickell's bat, pictured) H. tomesi (Large false serotine)	Southern and southeastern Asia	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (Blanford's bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 7 cm (3 in) tail (Tickell's bat)[138] Habitats: Forest and caves[159]
Histiotus (big-eared brown bat)	Gervais, 1856 Seven species H. alienus (Strange big-eared brown bat) H. humboldti (Humboldt big-eared brown bat) H. laephotis (Thomas's big-eared brown bat) H. macrotus (Big-eared brown bat) H. magellanicus (Southern big-eared brown bat) H. montanus (Small big-eared brown bat, pictured) H. velatus (Tropical big-eared brown bat)	South America	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (big-eared brown bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 6 cm (2 in) tail (tropical big-eared brown bat)[138] Habitats: Forest and caves (some species unknown)[160]
Hypsugo (Asian pipistrelle)	Kolenati, 1856 Eighteen species H. affinis (Chocolate pipistrelle) H. alaschanicus (Alashanian pipistrelle) H. anthonyi (Anthony's pipistrelle) H. arabicus (Arabian pipistrelle) H. ariel (Desert pipistrelle) H. bemainty (Kirindy serotine) H. cadornae (Cadorna's pipistrelle) H. crassulus (Broad-headed serotine) H. dolichodon (Long-toothed pipistrelle) H. imbricatus (Brown pipistrelle) H. joffrei (Joffre's bat) H. lanzai (Socotran pipistrelle) H. lophurus (Burma pipistrelle) H. macrotis (Big-eared pipistrelle) H. musciculus (Mouselike pipistrelle) H. pulveratus (Chinese pipistrelle) H. savii (Savi's pipistrelle, pictured) H. vordermanni (Vordermann's pipistrelle)	Europe, northern Africa, and Asia	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (Alashanian pipistrelle) to 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (Anthony's pipistrelle)[138] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, caves, desert, grassland, rocky areas, and inland wetlands[161]
Ia	Thomas, 1902 One species I. io (Great evening bat)	Eastern Asia	Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 4–9 cm (2–4 in) tail[138] Habitats: Forest and caves[162]
Idionycteris	Anthony, 1923 One species I. phyllotis (Allen's big-eared bat)	Western United States and Mexico	Size: About 7 cm (3 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail[138] Habitats: Forest, caves, and desert[163]
Laephotis (African long-eared bat)	Thomas, 1901 Four species L. angolensis (Angolan long-eared bat) L. botswanae (Botswana long-eared bat) L. namibensis (Namib long-eared bat) L. wintoni (De Winton's long-eared bat)	Africa	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (Angolan long-eared bat) to 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (De Winton's long-eared bat)[138] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, desert, grassland, and inland wetlands[164]
Lasionycteris	Peters, 1866 One species L. noctivagans (Silver-haired bat)	North America	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail[138] Habitats: Forest, rocky areas, and caves[165]
Lasiurus (red bat)	Gray, 1831 Seventeen species L. atratus (Greater red bat) L. blossevillii (Southern red bat) L. borealis (Eastern red bat) L. castaneus (Tacarcuna bat) L. cinereus (Hoary bat, pictured) L. degelidus (Jamaican red bat) L. ebenus (Hairy-tailed bat) L. ega (Southern yellow bat) L. egregius (Big red bat) L. insularis (Cuban yellow bat) L. intermedius (Northern yellow bat) L. minor (Minor red bat) L. pfeifferi (Pfeiffer's red bat) L. salinae (Saline red bat) L. seminolus (Seminole bat) L. varius (Cinnamon red bat) L. xanthinus (Western yellow bat)	North and South America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (minor red bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 9 cm (4 in) tail (Cuban yellow bat)[138] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, and caves[166]
Mimetillus	Thomas, 1904 One species M. moloneyi (Moloney's mimic bat)	Sub-Saharan Africa	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail[138] Habitats: Forest and savanna[167]
Neoromicia (serotine)	Roberts, 1926 Sixteen species N. brunnea (Dark-brown serotine) N. capensis (Cape serotine, pictured) N. flavescens (Yellow serotine) N. guineensis (Tiny serotine) N. helios (Heller's serotine) N. isabella (Isabelline white-winged serotine) N. malagasyensis (Isalo serotine) N. matroka (Malagasy serotine) N. melckorum (Melck's house bat) N. nana (Banana serotine) N. rendalli (Rendall's serotine) N. robertsi (Roberts's serotine) N. roseveari (Rosevear's serotine) N. somalica (Somali serotine) N. tenuipinnis (White-winged serotine) N. zuluensis (Zulu serotine)	Sub-Saharan Africa	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Heller's serotine) to 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (cape serotine)[138] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, desert, grassland, and inland wetlands[168]
Nyctalus (noctule bat)	Bowdich, 1825 Eight species N. aviator (Birdlike noctule) N. azoreum (Azores noctule) N. furvus (Japanese noctule) N. lasiopterus (Greater noctule bat) N. leisleri (Lesser noctule, pictured) N. montanus (Mountain noctule) N. noctula (Common noctule) N. plancyi (Chinese noctule)	Europe, northern Africa, and Asia	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (Lesser noctule) to 11 cm (4 in) long, plus 7 cm (3 in) tail (Birdlike noctule)[138] Habitats: Shrubland, forest, caves, rocky areas, and inland wetlands[169]
Nycticeinops	Hill & Harrison, 1987 One species N. schlieffeni (Schlieffen's serotine)	Africa	Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail[138] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, and desert[170]
Nycticeius (evening bat)	Rafinesque, 1819 Three species N. aenobarbus (Temminck's mysterious bat) N. cubanus (Cuban evening bat) N. humeralis (Evening bat, pictured)	Western Cuba, South America, and southern North America	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Temminck's mysterious bat) to 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (evening bat)[138] Habitat: Forest[171]
Nyctophilus (Australian big-eared bat)	Leach, 1821 Seventeen species (one extinct) N. arnhemensis (Arnhem long-eared bat) N. bifax (Eastern long-eared bat) N. corbeni (Southeastern long-eared bat) N. daedalus (Pallid long-eared bat) N. geoffroyi (Lesser long-eared bat, pictured) N. gouldi (Gould's long-eared bat) N. heran (Sunda long-eared bat) N. holtorum (Holts' long-eared bat) N. howensis (Lord Howe long-eared bat)† N. major (Western long-eared bat) N. microdon (Small-toothed long-eared bat) N. microtis (New Guinea long-eared bat) N. nebulosus (New Caledonian long-eared bat) N. sherrini (Tasmanian long-eared bat) N. shirleyae (Mount Missim long-eared bat) N. timoriensis (Greater long-eared bat) N. walkeri (Pygmy long-eared bat)	Australia and southeastern Asia	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (eastern long-eared bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 6 cm (2 in) tail (greater long-eared bat)[138] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, caves, grassland, and inland wetlands[172]
Otonycteris (long-eared bat)	Peters, 1859 Two species O. hemprichii (Desert long-eared bat, pictured) O. leucophaea (Turkestani long-eared bat)	Western Asia and northern Africa	Size range: 5–9 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail (desert long-eared bat)[138] Habitats: Grassland, shrubland, rocky areas, and desert[173]
Parastrellus	Hoofer, Van Den Bussche, & Horáček, 2006 One species P. hesperus (Canyon bat)	Western United States and Mexico (in red)	Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail[138] Habitats: Forest, grassland, rocky areas, caves, and desert[174]
Perimyotis	Menu, 1984 One species P. subflavus (Tricolored bat)	Eastern North America (in yellow)	Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail[138] Habitats: Forest, rocky areas, and caves[175]
Pharotis	Thomas, 1914 One species P. imogene (New Guinea big-eared bat)	Papua New Guinea	Size: 4–5 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 4–5 cm (2–2 in) tail[138] Habitat: Forest[176]
Philetor	Thomas, 1902 One species P. brachypterus (Rohu's bat)	Southeastern Asia	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail[138] Habitats: Forest and grassland[177]
Pipistrellus (pipistrelle)	Kaup, 1829 33 species (2 extinct) P. abramus (Japanese house bat) P. adamsi (Forest pipistrelle) P. aero (Mount Gargues pipistrelle) P. angulatus (Angulate pipistrelle) P. ceylonicus (Kelaart's pipistrelle) P. collinus (Greater Papuan pipistrelle) P. coromandra (Indian pipistrelle) P. crassulus (Broad-headed serotine) P. endoi (Endo's pipistrelle) P. grandidieri (Dobson's pipistrelle) P. hanaki (Hanak's pipistrelle) P. hesperidus (Dusky pipistrelle) P. inexspectatus (Aellen's pipistrelle) P. javanicus (Java pipistrelle) P. kuhlii (Kuhl's pipistrelle) P. maderensis (Madeira pipistrelle) P. minahassae (Minahassa pipistrelle) P. murrayi (Christmas Island pipistrelle)† P. nanulus (Tiny pipistrelle) P. nathusii (Nathusius's pipistrelle) P. papuanus (Lesser Papuan pipistrelle) P. paterculus (Mount Popa pipistrelle) P. permixtus (Dar es Salaam pipistrelle) P. pipistrellus (Common pipistrelle) P. pygmaeus (Soprano pipistrelle, pictured) P. raceyi (Racey's pipistrelle) P. rueppellii (Rüppell's bat) P. rusticus (Rusty pipistrelle) P. stenopterus (Narrow-winged pipistrelle) P. sturdeei (Sturdee's pipistrelle)† P. tenuis (Least pipistrelle) P. wattsi (Watts's pipistrelle) P. westralis (Northern pipistrelle)	Australia, Africa, Europe, Japan, and western, southern, and southeastern Asia	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Angulate pipistrelle) to 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (Kelaart's pipistrelle)[138] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, caves, desert, rocky areas, grassland, intertidal marine, and inland wetlands[178]
Plecotus (lump-nosed bat)	Geoffroy, 1818 Sixteen species P. auritus (Brown long-eared bat) P. austriacus (Grey long-eared bat) P. balensis (Ethiopian long-eared bat) P. christii (Christie's long-eared bat) P. homochrous (Himalayan long-eared bat) P. kolombatovici (Mediterranean long-eared bat) P. kozlovi (Kozlov's long-eared bat) P. macrobullaris (Alpine long-eared bat) P. ognevi (Ognev's long-eared bat) P. sacrimontis (Japanese long-eared bat) P. sardus (Sardinian long-eared bat, pictured) P. strelkovi (Strelkov's long-eared bat) P. taivanus (Taiwan long-eared bat) P. teneriffae (Canary long-eared bat) P. turkmenicus (Turkmen long-eared bat) P. wardi (Ward's long-eared bat)	Europe, Asia, and northern Africa	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (brown long-eared bat) to 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 6 cm (2 in) tail (alpine long-eared bat)[138] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, caves, desert, grassland, and rocky areas[179]
Rhogeessa (yellow bat)	H. Allen, 1866 Eleven species R. aenea (Yucatan yellow bat, pictured) R. bickhami (Bickham's little yellow bat) R. genowaysi (Genoways's yellow bat) R. hussoni (Husson's yellow bat) R. io (Thomas's yellow bat) R. menchuae (Menchu's little yellow bat) R. minutilla (Tiny yellow bat) R. mira (Least yellow bat) R. parvula (Little yellow bat) R. tumida (Black-winged little yellow bat) R. velilla (Ecuadorian little yellow bat)	Mexico, Central America, and South America	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (black-winged little yellow bat) to 5 cm (2 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (Bickham's little yellow bat)[138] Habitats: Shrubland and forest[180]
Rhyneptesicus	Bianchi, 1917 One species R. nasutus (Sind bat)	Western Asia	Size: 4–6 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail[138] Habitats: Forest, savanna, caves, and desert[181]
Scoteanax	Troughton, 1944 One species S. rueppellii (Rüppell's broad-nosed bat)	Eastern Mexico	Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 4–6 cm (2–2 in) tail[138] Habitat: Forest[182]
Scotoecus (lesser house bat)	Thomas, 1901 Five species S. albigula (White-bellied lesser house bat) S. albofuscus (Light-winged lesser house bat) S. hindei (Hinde's lesser house bat) S. hirundo (Dark-winged lesser house bat) S. pallidus (Desert yellow bat)	Sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia	Size range: 4–6 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail (multiple)[138] Habitats: Shrubland, savanna, and forest[183]
Scotomanes	Dobson, 1875 One species S. ornatus (Harlequin bat)	Eastern and southeastern Asia	Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 5–7 cm (2–3 in) tail[138] Habitats: Forest and caves[184]
Scotophilus (Old World yellow bat)	Leach, 1821 Eighteen species S. andrewreborii (Andrew Rebori's house bat) S. borbonicus (Lesser yellow bat) S. celebensis (Sulawesi yellow bat) S. collinus (Sody's yellow bat) S. dinganii (African yellow bat, pictured) S. ejetai (Ejeta's yellow bat) S. heathii (Greater Asiatic yellow bat) S. kuhlii (Lesser Asiatic yellow bat) S. leucogaster (White-bellied yellow bat) S. livingstonii (Livingstone's yellow bat) S. marovaza (Marovaza yellow bat) S. nigrita (Schreber's yellow bat) S. nucella (Robbins's yellow bat) S. nux (Nut-colored yellow bat) S. robustus (Robust yellow bat) S. tandrefana (Malagasy yellow bat) S. trujilloi (Trujillo's yellow bat) S. viridis (Eastern greenish yellow bat)	Southern and southeastern Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (lesser Asiatic yellow bat) to 13 cm (5 in) long, plus 10 cm (4 in) tail (Schreber's yellow bat)[138] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, desert, and grassland (some species unknown)[185]
Scotorepens (broad-nosed bat)	Troughton, 1943 Four species S. balstoni (Inland broad-nosed bat, pictured) S. greyii (Little broad-nosed bat) S. orion (Eastern broad-nosed bat) S. sanborni (Northern broad-nosed bat)	Australia, Timor-Leste, and Papua New Guinea	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (little broad-nosed bat) to 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (eastern broad-nosed bat)[138] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, desert, and grassland[186]
Scotozous	Dobson, 1875 One species S. dormeri (Dormer's bat)	Southern Asia	Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail[138] Habitats: Forest, shrubland, and desert[187]
Thainycteris	Kock & Storch, 1996 One species T. aureocollaris (Collared sprite)	Laos and Thailand	Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 4–6 cm (2–2 in) tail[138] Habitat: Forest[188]
Tylonycteris (bamboo bat)	Peters, 1872 Three species T. pachypus (Lesser bamboo bat, pictured) T. pygmaea (Pygmy bamboo bat) T. robustula (Greater bamboo bat)	Southeastern Asia	Size range: 2 cm (1 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (pygmy bamboo bat) to 5 cm (2 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (greater bamboo bat)[138] Habitat: Forest[189]
Vespadelus (forest bat)	Troughton, 1943 Nine species V. baverstocki (Inland forest bat) V. caurinus (Northern cave bat) V. darlingtoni (Large forest bat) V. douglasorum (Yellow-lipped bat) V. finlaysoni (Finlayson's cave bat) V. pumilus (Eastern forest bat) V. regulus (Southern forest bat) V. troughtoni (Eastern cave bat) V. vulturnus (Little forest bat, pictured)	Australia	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (eastern cave bat) to 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (large forest bat)[138] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, caves, desert, and grassland[190]
Vespertilio (parti-coloured bat)	Linnaeus, 1758 Two species V. murinus (Parti-coloured bat, pictured) V. sinensis (Asian particolored bat)	Europe and Asia	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (parti-coloured bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 6 cm (2 in) tail (Asian particolored bat)[138] Habitats: Shrubland, coastal marine, forest, caves, desert, rocky areas, grassland, and inland wetlands[191]

Suborder Yinpterochiroptera

Superfamily Pteropodoidea

Family Pteropodidae

Main article: List of pteropodids

Members of the Pteropodidae family are called pteropodids, or colloquially fruit bats, flying foxes, or megabats. Most species primarily or exclusively eat fruit, though the species of the subfamily Macroglossusinae primarily eat pollen and nectar and many of the species of the subfamily Nyctimeninae sometimes eat insects.^[1] Pteropodidae comprises 193 extant species, divided into 46 genera. These genera are grouped into seven subfamilies: Eidolinae, Harpyionycterinae, Nyctimeninae, Pteropodinae, Rousettinae, and Macroglossusinae. Pteropodinae additionally contins six species which have been made extinct since 1500 CE.

Subfamily Cynopterinae – K. Andersen, 1912 – fourteen genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Aethalops (sooty bat)	Thomas, 1923 Two species A. aequalis (Borneo fruit bat, pictured) A. alecto (Pygmy fruit bat)	Southeastern Asia	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (Borneo fruit bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, with no tail (pygmy fruit bat)[192] Habitats: Forest and caves[193]
Alionycteris	Kock, 1969 One species A. paucidentata (Mindanao pygmy fruit bat)	Philippines	Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in) long, with no tail[192] Habitat: Forest[194]
Balionycteris (spotted-winged fruit bat)	Matschie, 1899 Two species B. maculata (Spotted-winged fruit bat, pictured) B. seimundi (Malayan spotted-winged fruit bat)	Southeastern Asia and Malaysia	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (Malayan spotted-winged fruit bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, with no tail (spotted-winged fruit bat)[192] Habitat: Forest[195]
Chironax	K. Andersen, 1912 One species C. melanocephalus (Black-capped fruit bat)	Southeastern Asia	Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long, with no tail[192] Habitats: Forest and caves[196]
Cynopterus (short-nosed fruit bat)	F. Cuvier, 1824 Seven species C. brachyotis (Lesser short-nosed fruit bat, pictured) C. horsfieldii (Horsfield's fruit bat) C. luzoniensis (Peters's fruit bat) C. minutus (Minute fruit bat) C. nusatenggara (Nusatenggara short-nosed fruit bat) C. sphinx (Greater short-nosed fruit bat) C. titthaecheilus (Indonesian short-nosed fruit bat)	Southern and southeastern Asia	Size range: 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (lesser short-nosed fruit bat) to 13 cm (5 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (Indonesian short-nosed fruit bat)[192] Habitats: Forest and caves[197]
Dyacopterus (dyak fruit bat)	K. Andersen, 1912 Three species D. brooksi (Brooks's dyak fruit bat) D. rickarti (Rickart's dyak fruit bat) D. spadiceus (Dayak fruit bat)	Southeastern Asia	Size range: 10 cm (4 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (dayak fruit bat) to 15 cm (6 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (Rickart's dyak fruit bat)[192] Habitats: Forest and caves[198]
Haplonycteris	Lawrence, 1939 One species H. fischeri (Fischer's pygmy fruit bat)	Philippines	Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in) long, with no tail[192] Habitat: Forest[199]
Latidens	Thonglongya, 1972 One species L. salimalii (Salim Ali's fruit bat)	Southern India	Size: 10–11 cm (4–4 in) long, with no tail[192] Habitats: Forest and caves[200]
Megaerops (tailless fruit bat)	Peters, 1865 Four species M. ecaudatus (Tailless fruit bat, pictured) M. kusnotoi (Javan tailless fruit bat) M. niphanae (Ratanaworabhan's fruit bat) M. wetmorei (White-collared fruit bat)	Southeastern Asia	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (Javan tailless fruit bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, with no tail (Ratanaworabhan's fruit bat)[192] Habitat: Forest[201]
Otopteropus	Kock, 1969 One species O. cartilagonodus (Luzon fruit bat)	Philippines	Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in) long, with no tail[192] Habitat: Forest[202]
Penthetor	K. Andersen, 1912 One species P. lucasi (Dusky fruit bat)	Southeastern Asia	Size: 7–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail[192] Habitats: Forest and caves[203]
Ptenochirus (musky fruit bat)	Peters, 1861 Two species P. jagori (Greater musky fruit bat, pictured) P. minor (Lesser musky fruit bat)	Philippines	Size range: 10 cm (4 in) long, plus 0.5 cm (0.2 in) tail (lesser musky fruit bat) to 13 cm (5 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (greater musky fruit bat)[192] Habitat: Forest[204]
Sphaerias	Miller, 1906 One species S. blanfordi (Blanford's fruit bat)	Southern and southeastern Asia	Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in) long, with no tail[192] Habitat: Forest[205]
Thoopterus (swift fruit bat)	Matschie, 1899 Two species T. nigrescens (Swift fruit bat) T. suhaniahae (Suhaniah fruit bat)	Indonesia	Size range: 8 cm (3 in) long, with no tail (Suhaniah fruit bat) to 12 cm (5 in) long, plus 0.5 cm (0.2 in) tail (swift fruit bat)[192] Habitat: Forest[206]

Subfamily Eidolinae – Almeida, Giannini, & Simmons, 2016 – one genus

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Eidolon	Rafinesque, 1815 Two species E. dupreanum (Madagascan fruit bat) E. helvum (Straw-coloured fruit bat, pictured)	Sub-Saharan Africa and western Arabian Peninsula	Size range: 15 cm (6 in) long, with no tail (straw-coloured fruit bat) to 21 cm (8 in) long, with no tail (Madagascan fruit bat)[192] Habitats: Savanna, forest, and caves[207]

Subfamily Harpyionycterinae – Miller, 1907 – four genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Aproteles	Menzies, 1977 One species A. bulmerae (Bulmer's fruit bat)	New Guinea	Size: About 25 cm (10 in) long, with no tail[192] Habitats: Forest and caves[208]
Boneia	Jentink, 1879 One species B. bidens (Manado fruit bat)	Indonesia	Size: About 19 cm (7 in) long, with no tail[192] Habitats: Forest and caves[209]
Dobsonia (naked-backed fruit bat)	Palmer, 1898 Fourteen species D. anderseni (Andersen's naked-backed fruit bat) D. beauforti (Beaufort's naked-backed fruit bat) D. chapmani (Philippine naked-backed fruit bat) D. crenulata (Halmahera naked-backed fruit bat) D. emersa (Biak naked-backed fruit bat) D. exoleta (Sulawesi naked-backed fruit bat) D. inermis (Solomon's naked-backed fruit bat) D. magna (New Guinea naked-backed fruit bat) D. minor (Lesser naked-backed fruit bat) D. moluccensis (Bare-backed fruit bat, pictured) D. pannietensis (Panniet naked-backed fruit bat) D. peronii (Western naked-backed fruit bat) D. praedatrix (New Britain naked-backed fruit bat) D. viridis (Greenish naked-backed fruit bat)	Southeastern Asia and northern Australia	Size range: 10 cm (4 in) long, plus 0.5 cm (0.2 in) tail (lesser naked-backed fruit bat) to 25 cm (10 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (bare-backed fruit bat)[192] Habitats: Rocky areas, forest, and caves[210]
Harpyionycteris (harpy fruit bat)	Thomas, 1896 Two species H. celebensis (Sulawesi harpy fruit bat) H. whiteheadi (Harpy fruit bat, pictured)	Indonesia and Philippines	Size range: 11 cm (4 in) long, with no tail (Sulawesi harpy fruit bat) to 16 cm (6 in) long, with no tail (harpy fruit bat)[192] Habitats: Forest[211]

Subfamily Nyctimeninae – Miller, 1907 – two genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Nyctimene (tube-nosed fruit bat)	Borkhausen, 1797 Sixteen species N. aello (Broad-striped tube-nosed fruit bat) N. albiventer (Common tube-nosed fruit bat) N. cephalotes (Pallas's tube-nosed bat) N. certans (Mountain tube-nosed fruit bat) N. cyclotis (Round-eared tube-nosed fruit bat) N. draconilla (Dragon tube-nosed fruit bat) N. keasti (Keast's tube-nosed fruit bat) N. major (Island tube-nosed fruit bat) N. malaitensis (Malaita tube-nosed fruit bat) N. masalai (Demonic tube-nosed fruit bat) N. rabori (Philippine tube-nosed fruit bat) N. robinsoni (Eastern tube-nosed bat, pictured) N. sanctacrucis (Nendo tube-nosed fruit bat) N. varius (Lesser tube-nosed bat) N. vizcaccia (Umboi tube-nosed fruit bat) N. wrightae (New Guinea tube-nosed bat)	Southeastern Asia	Size range: 6 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (Keast's tube-nosed fruit bat) to 15 cm (6 in) long, with no tail (broad-striped tube-nosed fruit bat)[192] Habitats: Savanna, forest, and inland wetlands[212]
Paranyctimene (lesser tube-nosed fruit bat)	Tate, 1942 Two species P. raptor (Lesser tube-nosed fruit bat) P. tenax (Steadfast tube-nosed fruit bat)	New Guinea and Indonesia	Size range: 6–10 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail (multiple)[192] Habitat: Forest[213]

Subfamily Pteropodinae – Gray, 1821 – seven genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Acerodon (sharp-toothed flying fox)	Jourdan, 1837 Five species A. celebensis (Sulawesi flying fox, pictured) A. humilis (Talaud flying fox) A. jubatus (Giant golden-crowned flying fox) A. leucotis (Palawan fruit bat) A. mackloti (Sunda flying fox)	Indonesia and Philippines	Size range: 19 cm (7 in) long, with no tail (Sulawesi flying fox) to 30 cm (12 in) long, with no tail (Giant golden-crowned flying fox)[192] Habitat: Forest[214]
Desmalopex (white-winged flying fox)	Miller, 1907 Two species D. leucoptera (White-winged flying fox, pictured) D. microleucoptera (Small white-winged flying fox)	Philippines	Size range: 13 cm (5 in) long, with no tail (small white-winged flying fox) to 24 cm (9 in) long, with no tail (white-winged flying fox)[192] Habitats: Grassland and forest[215]
Mirimiri	Helgen, 2005 One species M. acrodonta (Fijian monkey-faced bat)	Fiji	Size: 17–20 cm (7–8 in) long, with no tail[192] Habitat: Forest[216]
Neopteryx	Hayman, 1946 One species N. frosti (Small-toothed fruit bat)	Indonesia	Size: About 16 cm (6 in), with no tail[192] Habitat: Forest[217]
Pteralopex (monkey-faced bat)	Thomas, 1888 Five species P. anceps (Bougainville monkey-faced bat, pictured) P. atrata (Guadalcanal monkey-faced bat) P. flanneryi (Greater monkey-faced bat) P. pulchra (Montane monkey-faced bat) P. taki (New Georgian monkey-faced bat)	Solomon Islands	Size range: 16 cm (6 in) long, with no tail (montane monkey-faced bat) to 28 cm (11 in) long (Bougainville monkey-faced bat)[192] Habitat: Forest[218]
Pteropus (flying fox)	Brisson, 1762 65 species (6 extinct) P. admiralitatum (Admiralty flying fox) P. aldabrensis (Aldabra flying fox) P. alecto (Black flying fox) P. allenorum (Small Samoan flying fox)† P. anetianus (Vanuatu flying fox) P. aruensis (Aru flying fox) P. brunneus (Percy Island flying fox)† P. caniceps (Ashy-headed flying fox) P. capistratus (Bismarck masked flying fox) P. chrysoproctus (Moluccan flying fox) P. cognatus (Makira flying fox) P. conspicillatus (Spectacled flying fox) P. coxi (Large Samoan flying fox)† P. dasymallus (Ryukyu flying fox) P. ennisae (New Ireland masked flying fox) P. faunulus (Nicobar flying fox) P. fundatus (Banks flying fox) P. gilliardorum (Gilliard's flying fox) P. griseus (Gray flying fox) P. howensis (Ontong Java flying fox) P. hypomelanus (Small flying fox) P. intermedius (Andersen's flying fox) P. keyensis (Kei flying fox) P. livingstonii (Livingstone's fruit bat) P. lombocensis (Lombok flying fox) P. loochoensis (Okinawa flying fox) P. lylei (Lyle's flying fox) P. macrotis (Big-eared flying fox) P. mahaganus (Lesser flying fox) P. mariannus (Mariana fruit bat) P. medius (Indian flying fox) P. melanopogon (Black-bearded flying fox) P. melanotus (Black-eared flying fox) P. molossinus (Caroline flying fox) P. neohibernicus (Great flying fox) P. niger (Mauritian flying fox) P. nitendiensis (Temotu flying fox) P. ocularis (Ceram fruit bat) P. ornatus (Ornate flying fox) P. pelagicus (Chuuk flying fox) P. pelewensis (Pelew flying fox) P. personatus (Masked flying fox) P. pilosus (Large Palau flying fox)† P. pohlei (Geelvink Bay flying fox) P. poliocephalus (Grey-headed flying fox) P. pselaphon (Bonin flying fox) P. pumilus (Little golden-mantled flying fox) P. rayneri (Solomons flying fox) P. rennelli (Rennell flying fox) P. rodricensis (Rodrigues flying fox) P. rufus (Madagascan flying fox) P. samoensis (Samoa flying fox) P. scapulatus (Little red flying fox) P. seychellensis (Seychelles fruit bat) P. speciosus (Philippine gray flying fox) P. subniger (Small Mauritian flying fox)† P. temminckii (Temminck's flying fox) P. tokudae (Guam flying fox)† P. tonganus (Insular flying fox) P. tuberculatus (Vanikoro flying fox) P. ualanus (Kosrae flying fox) P. vampyrus (Large flying fox, pictured) P. vetulus (New Caledonia flying fox) P. voeltzkowi (Pemba flying fox) P. woodfordi (Dwarf flying fox)	Southern, southeastern, and eastern Asia, Australia, and Madagascar and nearby islands	Size range: 9 cm (4 in) long, with no tail (dwarf flying fox) to 37 cm (15 in) long, with no tail (great flying fox)[192] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, caves, and inland wetlands[219]
Styloctenium (stripe-faced fruit bat)	Matschie, 1899 Two species S. mindorense (Mindoro stripe-faced fruit bat) S. wallacei (Sulawesi stripe-faced fruit bat, pictured)	Indonesia and Philippines (in red)	Size range: 14 cm (6 in) long, with no tail (Mindoro stripe-faced fruit bat) to 20 cm (8 in) long, with no tail (Sulawesi stripe-faced fruit bat)[192] Habitat: Forest[220]

Subfamily Rousettinae – K. Andersen, 1912 – thirteen genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Casinycteris (short-palated bat)	Thomas, 1910 Two species C. argynnis (Short-palated fruit bat) C. campomaanensis (Campo-Ma'an fruit bat)	Central Africa	Size range: 7–10 cm (3–4 in) long, with no tail (short-palated fruit bat)[192] Habitat: Forest[221]
Eonycteris (dawn bat)	Dobson, 1873 Three species E. major (Greater nectar bat) E. robusta (Philippine dawn bat) E. spelaea (Cave nectar bat, pictured)	Southern and southeastern Asia	Size range: 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (cave nectar bat) to 13 cm (5 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (greater nectar bat)[192] Habitats: Forest and caves[222]
Epomophorus (epauletted bat)	Bennett, 1836 Twelve species E. angolensis (Angolan epauletted fruit bat) E. anselli (Ansell's epauletted fruit bat) E. crypturus (Peters's epauletted fruit bat) E. dobsonii (Dobson's epauletted fruit bat) E. gambianus (Gambian epauletted fruit bat) E. grandis (Lesser Angolan epauletted fruit bat) E. intermedius (Hayman's dwarf epauletted fruit bat) E. labiatus (Ethiopian epauletted fruit bat) E. minimus (East African epauletted fruit bat) E. minor (Minor epauletted fruit bat) E. pusillus (Peters's dwarf epauletted fruit bat) E. wahlbergi (Wahlberg's epauletted fruit bat)	Sub-Saharan Africa	Size range: 6 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (Peters's dwarf epauletted fruit bat) to 19 cm (7 in) long, plus 0.1 cm (0.04 in) tail (Dobson's epauletted fruit bat)[192] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, grassland, and rocky areas[223]
Epomops (epauletted fruit bat)	Gray, 1870 Two species E. buettikoferi (Buettikofer's epauletted fruit bat) E. franqueti (Franquet's epauletted fruit bat)	Central and western Africa	Size range: 10–20 cm (4–8 in) long, with no tail (Buettikofer's epauletted fruit bat)[192] Habitats: Shrubland, savanna, and forest[224]
Hypsignathus	H. Allen, 1861 One species H. monstrosus (Hammer-headed bat)	Western and central Africa	Size: 16–30 cm (6–12 in) long, with no tail[192] Habitats: Forest and savanna[225]
Megaloglossus (long-tongued fruit bat)	Pagenstecher, 1885 Two species M. azagnyi (Azagnyi fruit bat) M. woermanni (Woermann's bat, pictured)	Western and central Africa	Size range: 6 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (Woermann's fruit bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, with no tail (Azagnyi fruit bat)[192] Habitat: Forest[226]
Myonycteris (collared fruit bat)	Matschie, 1899 Five species M. angolensis (Angolan rousette) M. brachycephala (São Tomé collared fruit bat) M. leptodon (Sierra Leone collared fruit bat) M. relicta (East African little collared fruit bat) M. torquata (Little collared fruit bat)	Sub-Saharan Africa	Size range: 8 cm (3 in) long, with no tail (little collared fruit bat) to 14 cm (6 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (Angolan rousette)[192] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, caves, grassland, and rocky areas[227]
Nanonycteris	Matschie, 1899 One species N. veldkampii (Veldkamp's dwarf epauletted fruit bat)	Western Africa	Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 0.1–0.5 cm (0.04–0.20 in) tail[192] Habitats: Forest and savanna[228]
Pilonycteris	Nesi, Tsang, Simmons, McGowen, & Rossiter, 2021 One species P. celebensis (Sulawesi rousette)	Indonesia	Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 2–3 cm (1–1 in) tail[192] Habitats: Forest and caves[229]
Plerotes	K. Andersen, 1910 One species P. anchietae (D'Anchieta's fruit bat)	Southern Africa	Size: 7–10 cm (3–4 in) long, with no tail[192] Habitats: Forest and savanna[230]
Rousettus (rousette)	Gray, 1821 Seven species R. aegyptiacus (Egyptian fruit bat, pictured) R. amplexicaudatus (Geoffroy's rousette) R. leschenaultii (Leschenault's rousette) R. linduensis (Linduan rousette) R. madagascariensis (Madagascan rousette) R. obliviosus (Comoro rousette) R. spinalatus (Bare-backed rousette)	Southern and southeastern Asia and Africa	Size range: 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (Leschenault's rousette) to 20 cm (8 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (Egyptian fruit bat)[192] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, caves, desert, grassland, and rocky areas[231]
Scotonycteris (tear-drop bat)	Matschie, 1894 Three species S. bergmansi (Bergmans's fruit bat) S. occidentalis (Hayman's fruit bat) S. zenkeri (Zenker's fruit bat, pictured)	Western Africa and Western and central Africa	Size range: 6–9 cm (2–4 in) long, with no tail (multiple)[192] Habitat: Forest[232]
Stenonycteris	Thomas, 1906 One species S. lanosus (Long-haired fruit bat)	Eastern Africa	Size: 11–18 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 0.5–3 cm (0.2–1.2 in) tail[192] Habitats: Forest, savanna, and shrubland[233]

Subfamily Macroglossusinae – Almeida, Simmons, & Giannini, 2020 – five genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Macroglossus (long-tongued fruit bat)	F. Cuvier, 1824 Two species M. minimus (Long-tongued nectar bat) M. sobrinus (Long-tongued fruit bat)	Southeastern Asia and northern Australia	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (long-tongued nectar bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (long-tongued fruit bat)[192] Habitat: Forest[234]
Melonycteris	Dobson, 1877 One species M. melanops (Black-bellied fruit bat)	Papua New Guinea	Size: 7–11 cm (3–4 in) long, with no tail[192] Habitats: Forest and caves[235]
Nesonycteris (Solomon Islands blossom bat)	Thomas, 1887 Two species N. fardoulisi (Fardoulis's blossom bat) N. woodfordi (Woodford's fruit bat)	Solomon Islands	Size range: 8 cm (3 in) long, with no tail (Fardoulis's blossom bat) to 11 cm (4 in) long, with no tail (Woodford's fruit bat)[192] Habitat: Forest[236]
Notopteris (long-tailed blossom bat)	Gray, 1859 Two species N. macdonaldi (Long-tailed fruit bat) N. neocaledonica (New Caledonia blossom bat)	Fiji, Vanuatu and New Caledonia	Size range: 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (New Caledonia blossom bat) to 11 cm (4 in) long, plus 7 cm (3 in) tail (long-tailed fruit bat)[192] Habitats: Forest and caves[237]
Syconycteris (blossom bat)	Matschie, 1899 Three species S. australis (Common blossom bat, pictured) S. carolinae (Halmahera blossom bat) S. hobbit (Moss-forest blossom bat)	Southeastern Asia and northern Australia	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (common blossom bat) to 10 cm (4 in) long, with no tail (Halmahera blossom bat)[192] Habitats: Shrubland, savanna, and forest[238]

Superfamily Rhinolophoidea

Family Craseonycteridae

Members of the Craseonycteridae family are called craseonycterids. The family contains a single insectivorous species.^[239]

Not assigned to a named subfamily – one genus

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Craseonycteris	Hill, 1974 One species C. thonglongyai (Kitti's hog-nosed bat)	Thailand and Myanmar	Size range: 2–4 cm (1–2 in) long, with no tail[240] Habitats: Forest and caves[241]

Family Hipposideridae

Main article: List of hipposiderids

Members of the Hipposideridae family are called hipposiderids, or colloquially Old World leaf-nosed bats. They are all insectivorous.^[242] Hipposideridae comprises 86 extant species, divided into 7 genera.

Not assigned to a named subfamily – seven genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Anthops	Thomas, 1888 One species A. ornatus (Flower-faced bat)	Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands	Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 0.3–1 cm (0.1–0.4 in) tail[243] Habitats: Forest and caves[244]
Asellia (trident bat)	Gray, 1838 Four species A. arabica (Arabian trident bat) A. italosomalica (Somalian trident bat) A. patrizii (Patrizi's trident leaf-nosed bat) A. tridens (Trident bat, pictured)	Northern and eastern Africa and Western Asia	Size range: 4 cm (2 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (Patrizi's trident leaf-nosed bat) to 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (multiple)[243] Habitats: Shrubland, forest, grassland, savanna, caves, and desert[245]
Aselliscus (trident bats)	Tate, 1941 Three species A. dongbacanus (Dong Bac's trident bat) A. stoliczkanus (Stoliczka's trident bat, pictured) A. tricuspidatus (Temminck's trident bat)	Southeastern Asia	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 1 cm (0 in) tail (Temminck's trident bat) to 5 cm (2 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (Stoliczka's trident bat)[243] Habitats: Caves and forest[246]
Coelops (tailless leaf-nosed bat)	Blyth, 1848 Two species C. frithii (East Asian tailless leaf-nosed bat, pictured) C. robinsoni (Malayan tailless leaf-nosed bat)	Southeastern Asia	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, with no tail (Malayan tailless leaf-nosed bat) to 5 cm (2 in) long, with no tail (East Asian tailless leaf-nosed bat)[243] Habitats: Caves and forest[247]
Doryrhina (roundleaf bat)	Peters, 1871 Two species D. camerunensis (Greater roundleaf bat) D. cyclops (Cyclops roundleaf bat, pictured)	Central and western Africa	Size range: 7 cm (3 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (cyclops roundleaf bat) to 10 cm (4 in) long, plus 5 cm (2 in) tail (greater roundleaf bat)[243] Habitats: Savanna and forest[248]
Hipposideros (roundleaf bat)	Gray, 1831 70 species H. abae (Aba roundleaf bat) H. alongensis (Ha Long leaf-nosed bat) H. armiger (Great roundleaf bat) H. ater (Dusky leaf-nosed bat) H. beatus (Benito roundleaf bat) H. bicolor (Bicolored roundleaf bat) H. boeadii (Boeadi's roundleaf bat) H. breviceps (Short-headed roundleaf bat) H. caffer (Sundevall's roundleaf bat) H. calcaratus (Spurred roundleaf bat) H. cervinus (Fawn leaf-nosed bat) H. cineraceus (Ashy roundleaf bat) H. coronatus (Large Mindanao roundleaf bat) H. corynophyllus (Telefomin roundleaf bat) H. coxi (Cox's roundleaf bat) H. crumeniferus (Timor roundleaf bat) H. curtus (Short-tailed roundleaf bat) H. demissus (Makira roundleaf bat) H. diadema (Diadem leaf-nosed bat) H. dinops (Fierce roundleaf bat) H. doriae (Borneo roundleaf bat) H. durgadasi (Khajuria's leaf-nosed bat, pictured) H. dyacorum (Dayak roundleaf bat) H. edwardshilli (Hill's roundleaf bat) H. einnaythu (House-dwelling leaf-nosed bat) H. fuliginosus (Sooty roundleaf bat) H. fulvus (Fulvus roundleaf bat) H. galeritus (Cantor's roundleaf bat) H. gentilis (Andersen's leaf-nosed bat) H. grandis (Grand roundleaf bat) H. griffini (Griffin's leaf-nosed bat) H. halophyllus (Thailand roundleaf bat) H. hypophyllus (Kolar leaf-nosed bat) H. inexpectatus (Crested roundleaf bat) H. inornatus (Arnhem leaf-nosed bat) H. jonesi (Jones's roundleaf bat) H. khaokhouayensis (Phou Khao Khouay leaf-nosed bat) H. lamottei (Lamotte's roundleaf bat) H. lankadiva (Indian roundleaf bat) H. larvatus (Intermediate roundleaf bat) H. lekaguli (Large Asian roundleaf bat) H. lylei (Shield-faced roundleaf bat) H. macrobullatus (Big-eared roundleaf bat) H. madurae (Maduran leaf-nosed bat) H. maggietaylorae (Maggie Taylor's roundleaf bat) H. marisae (Aellen's roundleaf bat) H. megalotis (Ethiopian large-eared roundleaf bat) H. muscinus (Fly River roundleaf bat) H. nequam (Malayan roundleaf bat) H. nicobarulae (Nicobar leaf-nosed bat) H. obscurus (Philippine forest roundleaf bat) H. orbiculus (Orbiculus leaf-nosed bat) H. papua (Biak roundleaf bat) H. pelingensis (Peleng leaf-nosed bat) H. pendleburyi (Pendlebury's roundleaf bat) H. pomona (Pomona roundleaf bat) H. pratti (Pratt's roundleaf bat) H. pygmaeus (Philippine pygmy roundleaf bat) H. ridleyi (Ridley's leaf-nosed bat) H. rotalis (Laotian leaf-nosed bat) H. ruber (Noack's roundleaf bat) H. scutinares (Shield-nosed leaf-nosed bat) H. semoni (Semon's leaf-nosed bat) H. sorenseni (Sorensen's leaf-nosed bat) H. speoris (Schneider's leaf-nosed bat) H. stenotis (Northern leaf-nosed bat) H. sumbae (Sumba roundleaf bat) H. tephrus (Maghreb Leaf-nosed Bat) H. turpis (Lesser great leaf-nosed bat) H. wollastoni (Wollaston's roundleaf bat)	Southern, southeastern, and eastern Asia, Africa, southern Arabian Peninsula, and Northern Australia	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (dusky leaf-nosed bat) to 11 cm (4 in) long, plus 7 cm (3 in) tail (fierce roundleaf bat)[243] Habitats: Shrubland, forest, grassland, rocky areas, savanna, caves, and inland wetlands (some species unknown)[249]
Macronycteris (leaf-nosed bat)	Gray, 1866 Four species M. commersonii (Commerson's roundleaf bat, pictured) M. gigas (Giant roundleaf bat) M. thomensis (São Tomé leaf-nosed bat) M. vittata (Striped leaf-nosed bat)	Sub-Saharan Africa	Size range: 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 2 cm (1 in) tail (giant roundleaf bat) to 13 cm (5 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (striped leaf-nosed bat)[243] Habitats: Rocky areas, caves, savanna, and forest[250]

Family Megadermatidae

Members of the Megadermatidae family are called megadermatids, or colloquially false vampire bats. They are primarily insectivorous, but will also eat a wide range of small vertebrates.^[21] Megadermatidae comprises six extant species, each in their own genus.

Not assigned to a named subfamily – six genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Cardioderma	Peters, 1873 One species C. cor (Heart-nosed bat)	Eastern Africa	Size range: 7–8 cm (3–3 in) long, with no tail[251] Habitats: Forest, savanna, and shrubland[252]
Eudiscoderma	Soisook, Prajakjitr, Sunate Karapan, Francis, & Bates, 2015 One species E. thongareeae (Thongaree's disc-nosed bat)	Thailand	Size range: 7–8 cm (3–3 in) long, with no tail[251] Habitat: Forest[253]
Lavia	Gray, 1838 One species L. frons (Yellow-winged bat)	Sub-Saharan Africa	Size range: 6–9 cm (2–4 in) long, with no tail[251] Habitats: Forest, savanna, and shrubland[254]
Lyroderma	Lacépède, 1799 One species R. acuminatus (Acuminate horseshoe bat)	Southern and southeastern Asia	Size range: 7–10 cm (3–4 in) long, with no tail[251] Habitats: Forest, shrubland, rocky areas, and caves[255]
Macroderma	Miller, 1906 One species M. gigas (Ghost bat)	Northern Australia	Size range: 10–13 cm (4–5 in) long, with no tail[251] Habitats: Forest, savanna, shrubland, rocky areas, and caves[256]
Megaderma	(Geoffroy, 1810) One species M. spasma (Lesser false vampire bat)	Southern and southeastern Asia	Size range: 5–9 cm (2–4 in) long, with no tail[251] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, caves, desert, grassland, rocky areas, and inland wetlands[257]

Family Rhinolophidae

Main article: List of rhinolophids

Members of the Rhinolophidae family are called rhinolophids, or colloquially horseshoe bats. They are all insectivorous.^[258] Rhinolophidae comprises 92 extant species in a single genus.

Not assigned to a named subfamily – one genus

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Rhinolophus (horseshoe bat)	Lacépède, 1799 92 species R. acuminatus (Acuminate horseshoe bat) R. adami (Adam's horseshoe bat) R. affinis (Intermediate horseshoe bat) R. alcyone (Halcyon horseshoe bat) R. arcuatus (Arcuate horseshoe bat) R. beddomei (Beddome's horseshoe bat) R. belligerator (Poso horseshoe bat) R. blasii (Blasius's horseshoe bat) R. bocharicus (Bokhara horseshoe bat) R. borneensis (Bornean horseshoe bat) R. canuti (Canut's horseshoe bat) R. capensis (Cape horseshoe bat) R. celebensis (Sulawesi horseshoe bat) R. chiewkweeae (Chiewkwee's horseshoe bat) R. clivosus (Geoffroy's horseshoe bat) R. coelophyllus (Croslet horseshoe bat) R. cognatus (Andaman horseshoe bat) R. cohenae (Cohen's horseshoe bat) R. convexus (Convex horseshoe bat) R. cornutus (Little Japanese horseshoe bat) R. creaghi (Creagh's horseshoe bat) R. damarensis (Damara horseshoe bat) R. darlingi (Darling's horseshoe bat) R. deckenii (Decken's horseshoe bat) R. denti (Dent's horseshoe bat) R. eloquens (Eloquent horseshoe bat) R. euryale (Mediterranean horseshoe bat) R. euryotis (Broad-eared horseshoe bat) R. ferrumequinum (Greater horseshoe bat) R. formosae (Formosan woolly horseshoe bat) R. fumigatus (Rüppell's horseshoe bat) R. guineensis (Guinean horseshoe bat) R. hildebrandtii (Hildebrandt's horseshoe bat) R. hilli (Hill's horseshoe bat) R. hillorum (Hills' horseshoe bat) R. hipposideros (Lesser horseshoe bat) R. imaizumii (Imaizumi's horseshoe bat) R. inops (Philippine forest horseshoe bat) R. keyensis (Insular horseshoe bat) R. landeri (Lander's horseshoe bat) R. lepidus (Blyth's horseshoe bat) R. luctus (Great woolly horseshoe bat) R. mabuensis (Mount Mabu horseshoe bat) R. maclaudi (Maclaud's horseshoe bat) R. macrotis (Big-eared horseshoe bat) R. madurensis (Madura horseshoe bat) R. maendeleo (Maendeleo horseshoe bat) R. malayanus (Malayan horseshoe bat) R. marshalli (Marshall's horseshoe bat) R. mcintyrei (McIntyre's horseshoe bat) R. megaphyllus (Smaller horseshoe bat) R. mehelyi (Mehely's horseshoe bat) R. microglobosus (Indo-Chinese lesser brown horseshoe bat) R. mitratus (Mitred horseshoe bat) R. monoceros (Formosan lesser horseshoe bat) R. montanus (Timorese horseshoe bat) R. mossambicus (Mozambican horseshoe bat) R. nereis (Neriad horseshoe bat) R. osgoodi (Osgood's horseshoe bat) R. paradoxolophus (Bourret's horseshoe bat) R. pearsonii (Pearson's horseshoe bat) R. perditus (Yaeyama little horseshoe bat) R. philippinensis (Large-eared horseshoe bat) R. proconsulis (Bornean woolly horseshoe bat) R. pusillus (Least horseshoe bat) R. rex (King horseshoe bat) R. robinsoni (Peninsular horseshoe bat) R. rouxii (Rufous horseshoe bat, pictured) R. rufus (Large rufous horseshoe bat) R. ruwenzorii (Ruwenzori horseshoe bat) R. sakejiensis (Sakeji horseshoe bat) R. sedulus (Lesser woolly horseshoe bat) R. shameli (Shamel's horseshoe bat) R. shortridgei (Shortridge's horseshoe bat) R. siamensis (Thai horseshoe bat) R. silvestris (Forest horseshoe bat) R. simulator (Bushveld horseshoe bat) R. sinicus (Chinese rufous horseshoe bat) R. smithersi (Smithers's horseshoe bat) R. stheno (Lesser brown horseshoe bat) R. subbadius (Little Nepalese horseshoe bat) R. subrufus (Small rufous horseshoe bat) R. swinnyi (Swinny's horseshoe bat) R. tatar (Sulawesi broad-eared horseshoe bat) R. thailandensis (Thailand horseshoe bat) R. thomasi (Thomas's horseshoe bat) R. trifoliatus (Trefoil horseshoe bat) R. virgo (Yellow-faced horseshoe bat) R. willardi (Willard's horseshoe bat) R. xinanzhongguoensis (Wedge-sellaed horseshoe bat) R. yunanensis (Dobson's horseshoe bat) R. ziama (Ziama horseshoe bat)	Europe, Africa, Asia, and Australia	Size range: 3 cm (1 in) long, plus 1 cm (0.4 in) tail (Blyth's horseshoe bat) to 10 cm (4 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (large rufous horseshoe bat)[259] Habitats: Savanna, shrubland, forest, caves, desert, grassland, rocky areas, and inland wetlands[260]

Family Rhinonycteridae

Members of the Rhinonycteridae family are called rhinonycterids, or colloquially trident bats. They are all insectivorous.^[258] Rhinolophidae comprises nine extant species in four genera.

Not assigned to a named subfamily – four genera

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Cloeotis	Thomas, 1901 One species C. percivali (Percival's trident bat)	Southern Africa	Size range: 3–5 cm (1–2 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0–2 in) tail[261] Habitats: Forest, savanna, and caves[262]
Paratriaenops (Madagascar trident bat)	Benda & Vallo, 1847 Three species P. auritus (Grandidier's trident bat) P. furcula (Trouessart's trident bat) P. pauliani (Paulian's trident bat)	Madagascar	Size range: 4–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0–1 in) tail (Grandidier's trident bat)[261] Habitats: Forest, caves, and rocky areas[263]
Rhinonicteris	Gray, 1847 One species R. aurantia (Orange leaf-nosed bat)	Northern Australia	Size range: 4–6 cm (2–2 in) long, plus 2–3 cm (1–1 in) tail[261] Habitats: Savanna and caves[264]
Triaenops (trident bat)	Dobson, 1871 Four species T. afer (African trident bat) T. menamena (Rufous trident bat) T. parvus (Yemeni trident leaf-nosed bat) T. persicus (Persian trident bat, pictured)	Africa and western Asia	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, plus 3 cm (1 in) tail (Yemeni trident leaf-nosed bat) to 8 cm (3 in) long, plus 4 cm (2 in) tail (multiple)[261] Habitats: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and caves[265]

Family Rhinopomatidae

Members of the Rhinopomatidae family are called rhinopomatids, or colloquially mouse-tailed bats. They are all insectivorous.^[266] Rhinopomatidae comprises ninsixe extant species in a single genus.

Not assigned to a named subfamily – one genus

Name	Authority and species	Range	Size and ecology
Rhinolophus (mouse-tailed bat)	Geoffroy, 1818 Six species R. cystops (Egyptian mouse-tailed bat) R. hadramauticum (Yemeni mouse-tailed bat) R. hardwickii (Lesser mouse-tailed bat) R. macinnesi (Macinnes's mouse-tailed bat) R. microphyllum (Greater mouse-tailed bat) R. muscatellum (Small mouse-tailed bat, pictured)	Northern and eastern Africa and western and southern Asia	Size range: 5 cm (2 in) long, plus 5 cm (2.0 in) tail (Egyptian mouse-tailed bat) to 9 cm (4 in) long, plus 9 cm (4 in) tail (greater mouse-tailed bat)[267] Habitats: Grassland, shrubland, rocky areas, caves, forest, and desert[268]