| Name |
Date created |
Created by |
Native cryptocurrency |
Consensus algorithm |
Programmable? |
Private?[Note 1] |
Permissioned?[Note 1] |
Finality |
Ledger state |
Notes |
Refs. |
|---|
| Bitcoin |
January 3, 2009 |
Satoshi Nakamoto |
BTC |
PoW with Nakamoto Consensus |
Yes (scripts) |
No |
No |
Probabilistic |
UTXO |
First and most well-known blockchain. |
|
| Litecoin |
Oct 8, 2011 |
Charlie Lee |
LTC |
PoW |
Yes (scripts) |
Yes |
|
|
|
|
|
| Peercoin |
Aug 19, 2012 |
|
PPC |
PoW |
Yes (scripts) |
No |
|
|
|
|
[1] |
| Primecoin |
Jul 7, 2013 |
Sunny King |
XPM |
PoW |
|
|
|
|
|
Work is finding long Cunningham chains of prime numbers |
|
| MazaCoin |
2014? |
Payu Harris, AnonymousPirate[2] |
MAZA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Initially created for the Oglala Lakota Tribe,[2] but never quite used for that purpose |
|
| Namecoin |
? |
|
NMC |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allows users to register names; precursor to NFTs |
|
| Ethereum |
Jul 30, 2015 |
Ethereum Foundation
(founded by Vitalik Buterin and others) |
ETH |
ETH 1.0 - PoW with Nakamoto consensus, ETH 2.0 - PoS with supermajority |
Yes |
No |
No |
ETH 1.0 Probabilistic, ETH 2.0 Economic |
Account-balance |
|
|
| Base |
June 15, 2023 |
Coinbase |
ETH |
Optimistic rollup |
Yes |
|
|
|
|
EVM-compatible Layer-2 on Ethereum |
[3] |
| Optimism |
? |
Optimism PBC |
ETH |
Optimistic rollup |
Yes |
|
|
|
|
EVM-compatible Layer-2 on Ethereum |
[3] |
| StarkNet |
? |
StarkWare |
STRK |
ZK-rollup |
Yes |
|
|
|
|
Layer-2 on Ethereum |
|
| Ethereum Classic |
Jul 20, 2016 |
|
ETC |
PoW |
Yes |
No |
No |
|
|
Split from Ethereum due to The DAO hack earlier that month |
|
| Bitcoin Cash |
Aug 1, 2017 |
|
BCH |
PoW |
|
|
|
|
[4] |
split from Bitcoin |
|
| Cardano |
Sep 27, 2017 |
Charles Hoskinson and Jeremy Wood |
ADA |
DPoS |
Yes |
No |
No |
Probabilistic |
UTXO |
|
|
| TRON |
Jun 24, 2018 |
|
TRON |
DPoS |
Yes |
No |
|
|
|
|
|
| Tezos |
Jun 30, 2018 |
Arthur and Kathleen Breitman |
XTZ |
PoS |
Yes |
No |
|
|
|
|
|
| Bitcoin SV |
Nov 2018 |
|
BSV |
PoW |
Yes (scripts) |
No |
|
|
|
split from Bitcoin Cash, itself split from Bitcoin |
|
| Lightning Network[relevant?] |
2018 |
|
n/a |
? |
|
|
|
|
|
Layer-2 on Bitcoin |
|
| Algorand |
Jun 10, 2019 |
Silvio Micali and others |
ALGO |
PoS |
Yes |
No |
No |
Immediate |
|
|
|
| Solana |
March 16, 2020 |
Anatoly Yakovenko and Raj Gokal |
SOL |
PoS with Proof of History (PoH) |
Yes |
No |
No |
Immediate |
Account-balance |
|
|
| Polkadot |
May 26, 2020 |
Parity Technologies |
DOT |
Started with PoA then moved to PoS |
Yes (in parachains) |
No |
No |
|
Account-balance |
|
|
| Avalanche |
September 10, 2020 |
Emin Gün Sirer, Maofan "Ted" Yin and Kevin Sekniqi |
AVAX |
PoS |
Yes (in C-Chain) |
No |
No |
Immediate |
UTXO |
|
|
| MobileCoin |
Dec 6, 2020 |
MobileCoin Inc. (founded by Josh Goldbard and Shane Glynn) |
MOB |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| DESO |
Jan 18, 2021 |
Nader al-Naji (aka diamondhands) and others |
DESO (formerly BTCLT, CLOUT) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
social media; flagship app BitClout; name acquired in Sep 2021 |
|
| Terra Classic |
? |
Do Kwon and others |
LUNC (formerly LUNA), UST |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Formerly Terra until May 2022; ecosystem collapsed in May 2022 (UST depegged to near-zero and LUNA also went to near-zero) |
|
| Stellar |
Apr 6, 2016 |
|
XLM |
BFT |
? |
? |
Yes |
? |
|
|
[1] |
| EOS.IO |
Jul 1, 2017 |
? |
EOS |
DPoS |
Yes |
No |
? |
? |
|
|
[1] |
| LBRY |
? |
|
LBC |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Ripple |
June 2012 |
Ripple Labs |
XRP |
BFT |
No |
No |
No |
Immediate |
Account-balance |
Blockchain is known as XRP Ledger. Smart contract capabilities are being added. |
|
| Stacks |
? |
|
STX |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Vertcoin |
Jan 8, 2014 |
|
VTC |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Hedera Hashgraph |
? |
|
HBAR |
|
Yes |
No |
Yes |
|
Account-balance |
Uses a directed acyclic graph instead of a chain per se |
|
| Zcash |
Oct 28, 2016[1] |
|
ZEC |
PoW |
|
Yes |
|
|
|
uses zero-knowledge proofs for privacy |
|
| Monero |
Apr 18, 2014 |
|
XMR |
PoW |
No |
Yes |
|
|
|
|
[1] |
| Bitcoin Gold |
|
|
BTG |
PoW |
Yes (scripts) |
No |
|
|
|
|
|
| Dogecoin |
|
|
DOGE |
PoW |
No |
No |
|
|
|
|
|
| Polygon |
? |
? |
MATIC |
PoS |
Yes |
No |
No |
Immediate |
Account-balance |
network anchored to Ethereum |
[3] |
| BNB Smart Chain (formerly Binance Smart Chain) |
? |
Binance |
BNB |
PoS and PoA |
Yes |
No |
Yes |
Immediate |
? |
BNB chain is a permissioned blockchain. |
|
| IOTA |
Jul 11, 2016 |
IOTA Foundation |
MIOTA |
PoW/TaPoW[clarification needed] |
No |
No |
Yes |
Immediate |
UTXO |
Smart contract capabilities are being added. |
|
| Nano |
October 4, 2015 |
Colin LeMahieu |
XNO |
Open Representative Voting |
No |
No |
No |
Instant (less than1 second) with deterministic finality |
Account-balance |
|
|
| NEAR |
24 Sep, 2020 |
NEAR Foundation |
NEAR |
Started with PoA then moved to PoS |
Yes |
No |
No |
Finality |
Account-balance |
|
|
