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List of descriptive plant species epithets (A–H)

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List of descriptive plant species epithets (A–H)
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Since the first printing of Carl Linnaeus's Species Plantarum in 1753, plants have been assigned one epithet or name for their species and one name for their genus, a grouping of related species.[1] These scientific names have been catalogued in a variety of works, including Stearn's Dictionary of Plant Names for Gardeners. William Stearn (1911–2001) was one of the pre-eminent British botanists of the 20th century: a Librarian of the Royal Horticultural Society, a president of the Linnean Society and the original drafter of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants.[2][3]

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Stapelia hirsuta, the "hairy" starfish flower

The first column below lists seed-bearing species epithets from Stearn's Dictionary, Latin for Gardeners[4] by Lorraine Harrison, The A to Z of Plant Names by Allen Coombes, The Gardener's Botanical[5] by Ross Bayton, and the glossary of Stearn's Botanical Latin.[6] Epithets from proper nouns, proper adjectives, and two or more nouns are excluded, along with epithets used only in species names that are no longer widely accepted. Classical and modern meanings are provided in the third column, along with citations to Charlton T. Lewis's An Elementary Latin Dictionary.[7][a]

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Key

LG = language: (L)atin or (G)reek
L = derived from Latin, or both Classical Latin and Greek (unless otherwise noted)
G = derived from Greek
H = listed by Harrison, and (except as noted) by Bayton
D = listed in Stearn's Dictionary
S = listed in Stearn's Botanical Latin
DS = listed in Stearn's Dictionary, with the word or root word listed in Botanical Latin
C = listed by Coombes

Epithets

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Silene acaulis[b]
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Orites acicularis
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Banksia aculeata
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Musa acuminata
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Juncus acutus
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Piper aduncum
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Eucalyptus aggregata
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Melilotus albus and a honeybee
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Echium albicans
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Ailanthus altissima
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Primula amethystina
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Eucalyptus ammophila
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Persicaria amphibia on land ...
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... and in the water
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Hakea amplexicaulis
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Opuntia anacantha
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Eucalyptus annulata
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Euphorbia aphylla
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The bee-mimicking flowers of Ophrys apifera
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Ipomoea aquatica
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Anacampseros arachnoides
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Ceanothus arboreus
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Stream in Kamchatka with Salix arctica
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Ammophila arenaria
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Coccothrinax argentata
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Phacelia argillacea
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Rubus argutus
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Banksia armata
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Genoplesium arrectum
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Juncus articulatus
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Phalaris arundinacea
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Cirsium arvense
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Banksia aurantia
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Salvia azurea
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Taxus baccata
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Erythranthe bicolor
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Yellow bracts on Xerochrysum bracteatum
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Lonicera caerulea
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Eucalyptus caesia
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Cypripedium calceolus
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Phacelia campanularia
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Euphorbia candelabrum
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Cypripedium candidum
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Artemisia cana
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Carex capillacea
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Bignonia capreolata
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Lobelia cardinalis
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Metrosideros carminea
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Hoya carnosa
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Scadoxus cinnabarinus
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Haworthiopsis coarctata
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Banksia coccinea
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Erysimum collinum
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Triticum compactum
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Pinus contorta
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Tilia cordata
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Eucalyptus cornuta
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Coccothrinax crinita
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Amaranthus cruentus
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Mesembryanthemum crystallinum
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Adenanthos cuneatus
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Erythranthe cuprea
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Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera)
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Pedicularis dasyantha
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Mentzelia decapetala
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The deciduous coniferous European larch, Larix decidua
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Geoffroea decorticans
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Ceratophyllum demersum
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Eremophila demissa
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Agave deserti
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Verticordia dichroma
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Gasteria disticha
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Passiflora edulis
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Oxalis enneaphylla
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Aloe erinacea
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Cirsium eriophorum
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Fraxinus excelsior
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Datura ferox
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Caladenia filamentosa
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Eremaea fimbriata
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Allium fistulosum
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Alloxylon flammeum
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Glaucium flavum
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Cornus florida
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Illustration of Iris furcata
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Billardiera fusiformis
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Rhododendron galactinum
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Myrtillocactus geometrizans
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Utricularia gibba
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Lepidosperma gladiatum
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Campanula glomerata
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Salvia glutinosa
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Cautleya gracilis
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Tuberaria guttata
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Ferocactus haematacanthus
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Thelocactus hastifer
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Illustration of Cistus heterophyllus
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Stapelia hirsuta
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Acalypha hispida
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Banksia horrida
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Opuntia humifusa
More information LG, Meanings and derivations ...
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See also

Notes

  1. Words in the third column following "from" are related words from Classical Latin. The Latin and Latinised Greek words in the first column have masculine endings. If the genus is feminine, the -us ending generally becomes -a, -is is unchanged, and -er becomes -era, or occasionally -ra, as noted; other endings remain unchanged. For a neuter genus, -us becomes -um, -is becomes -e and -er becomes -erum, or occasionally -rum.
  2. The arrow provides a link to the table row that describes the species epithet.
  3. Since all of the references cited in the table except Coombes arrange their species epithets alphabetically, citations with page numbers are provided only for Coombes, and each source in the table except for Coombes is always represented by the same superscript.
  4. Red links for species are followed by an asterisk linking to the genus.
  5. The -um ending here denotes a genitive plural noun.
  6. Harrison and Bayton list an -erus ending for many -fer and -ger epithets; Stearn occasionally gives an -ers ending.
  7. The suffix -ulus and other diminutives can mean, among other things, "little" or "a little";[44] the exact meanings are beyond the scope of this list.
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Citations

References

Further reading

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