The Governor of Badakhshan (Persian: حاکم بدخشان, hākim-i badakhshān,Pashto: د بدخشان والي) is the head of the government of Badakhshan. In the late 19th century Badakhshan was joined with Qataghan into a single province and there were governors of Qataghan-Badakhshan Province and Badakhshan District. In 1963 the province was dissolved and Badakhshan became one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan. Badakhshan province is located in the north-east of the country, between the Hindu Kush and the Amu Darya. The capital of Badakhshan and the seat of the provincial governor is the town of Fayzabad.
Traditionally, Badakhshan was ruled by a mir. In 1859 Badakhshan came under control of the Amir of Afghanistan. The mirs continued to wield power, but the Amir of Afghanistan appointed a hakim (حاکم), or governor, to rule the province. The title of Hakim was applied to numerous administrative positions in Afghanistan and several positions with different administrative responsibilities could all be called hakim. An example of this is in 1873, when administrative of Badakhshan was placed under the rule of the Hakim of Afghan Turkestan, who in turn appointed a Hakim of Badakhshan. Thus, at times the Hakim of Badakhshan has been subservient to the hakim of another region. In 1873 the Mir of Afghanistan also became a pensioner of the Kabul and ceased to hold power in Badakhshan.[1]
In the late 19th century Badakhshan was joined with Qataghan Province into a single province named Qataghan-Badakhshan Province that had a single governor. The capital of Qataghan-Badakhshan Province and seat of the provincial governor was the town of Khan Abad, currently located in Kunduz province.[2] Qataghan and Badakhshan were again divided in 1963 and the capital of Badakhshan reverted to Fayzabad. Some sources indicate that there may have been more than one governor appointed at a time.[3]
Abdur Rahman Khan, the future king of Afghanistan, is mentioned as the "Governor of Qataghan and Badakhshan" in Siraj al-Tawarikh, which was commissioned during his reign as Amir of Afghanistan. Holding the position of a sardar, or general, Abdur Rahman Khan ruled over Qataghan and Badakhshan while he waged a military campaign in the region.[4][5]
From 1873 to 1874 Badakhshan was directly administered by the governor of Afghan Turkestan, Naib Muhammad Alam Khan. Alam Khan appointed Hafizullah Khan as governor of Badakhshan.[1]
4
Faiz Muhammad
May 1874
September 1874
Independent (monarchy)
In May 1874 Faiz Muhammad was appointed to relieve Hafizullah Khan as Governor of Badakhshan, but he was relieved of his appointment in September 1874.[7]
5
Sayyid Muhammad Khan
September 1874
?
Independent (monarchy)
In September 1874 Colonel Sayyid Muhammad Khan was appointed to relieve Faiz Muhammad as Governor of Badakhshan.[7]
6
Mir Mahomed Omar
1880
?
Independent (monarchy)
Abdur Rahman Khan mentions in his memoirs that Mir Mahomed Omar "Governor of Faizabad," which was then the capital of Badakhshan.[8]
7
Sardar Abdulla Khan
1881/1882
September 1888
Independent (monarchy)
The Siraj al-tawarıkh notes that in 1882 Sardar Abd Allah Khan Tukhi was the governor of Badakhshan and Qataghan.[9] British archival documents from 1884 to 1885 mention a Sardar Abdulla Khan as governor of Badakhshan[10] Lee mentions Sardar Abdulla Khan as governor of Badakhshan and Qataghan in 1888 during the rebellion of Ishaq Khan.[11] Sardar Abdullah Khan was decisively defeated by Ishaq Khan in September 1888 and fled the battlefield.[12]
8
Walidad Muhammad
1880s?
?
Independent (monarchy)
Wali Muhammad served as Governor of the District of Badakhshan in the 1880s. He is a native of Qalat-i-Ghilzai[13]
9
Mir Ahmad Shah
1887
1887
Independent (monarchy)
At the beginning of 1887 Mir Ahmad Shah was appointed Governor of Badakhshan, but before he left Kabul to take up his appointment in Badakhshan he was demoted and Abdullah Jan took his place[14]
10
Abdullah Jan
1887
?
Independent (monarchy)
In 1887 Abdullah Jan was appointed governor of Badakhshan.[14]
Safarhan was appointed governor of Qataghan-Badakhshan Province following the fall of the government of Habibullāh Kalakāni. He remained in office at least through mid-1930.[17]
15
Shir Muhammad Nasher
1932
?
Independent (monarchy)
Shir Muhammad Nasher served as Governor of Badakhshan and Qataghan from 1932 onwards [13]
16
Shar Mohammed Khan
? (First documented in 1937)
?
Independent (monarchy)
American Ernest F. Fox reported meeting Shar Mohammed Khan, the Governor of Qataghan and Badakhshan, during his travels through Afghanistan in 1937.[18]
17
Said Abbas Khan
? (First documented in 1937)
?
Independent (monarchy)
American Ernest F. Fox reported meeting Said Abbas Khan, the Governor of Badakhshan district, during his travels through Afghanistan in 1937.[18]
18.
Muhammad Ismail Mayar
1938
?
Independent (monarchy)
Muhammad Ismail Mayar replaced Shir Muhammad Nasher as Governor of Badakhshan and Qataghan in 1938[13]
19
Ghulam Faruq
1939
?
Independent (monarchy)
Ghulam Faruq replaced Muhammad Ismail Mayar as Governor of Badakhshan and Qataghan in 1939[13]
20
Muhammad Gul
1940
?
Independent (monarchy)
General Muhammad Gul replaced Ghulam Faruq as Governor of Badakhshan and Qataghan in 1940[13]
21
Ghulam Faruq
1942
?
Independent (monarchy)
Ghulam Faruq, who served as governor from 1939 until his replacement by Muhammad Gul, was again appointed Governor of Badakhshan and Qataghan in place of Muhammad Gul in 1942[13]
22
Muhammad Juma Siddiq
1945
?
Independent (monarchy)
Muhammad Juma Siddiq was appointed governor of the District of Badakhshan in 1945[13]
23
Muhammad Hakim Shah Alami
1946
?
Independent (monarchy)
Muhammad Hakim Shah Alami replaced Ghulam Faruq as Governor of Badakhshan and Qataghan in 1946[13]
24
Muhammad Karim
1946
?
Independent (monarchy)
Muhammad Karim replaced Muhammad Juma Siddiq as governor of the District of Badakhshan in 1946[13]
25
Muhammad Sawar Khan
1948
?
Independent (monarchy)
Muhammad Sawar Khan replaced Muhammad Karim as governor of the District of Badakhshan in 1948[13] Jean Bowie Shor and Franc Shor reported meeting Khan in Faizabad in the summer of 1949 during their travels through Afghanistan.[19]
26
Muhammad Ismail Mayar
1950
1954
Independent (monarchy)
Muhammad Ismail Mayar, who served as governor until his replacement by Ghulam Faruq, replaced Muhammad Hakim Shah Alami as Governor of Badakhshan and Qataghan in 1950[13]
27
Muhammad Juma Siddiq
1954
1956
Independent (monarchy)
Muhammad Juma Siddiq, who had previously served as Governor of the District of Badakhshan, replaced Muhammad Karim as governor of the District of Badakhshan in 1954[13]
28
Muhammad Juma Siddiq
1956
1956
Independent (monarchy)
Muhammad Juma Siddiq was promoted from Governor of the District of Badakhshan to replace Muhammad Ismail Mayar as Governor of Badakhshan and Qataghan in 1956[13]
29
Abdur Rahman Popal
1956
1959
Independent (monarchy)
Abdur Rahman Popal replaced Muhammad Juma Siddiq as governor of the District of Badakhshan in 1956[13]
30
Khuda Dad Etemadi
1959
1960
Independent (monarchy)
Khuda Dad Etemadi replaced Abdur Rahman Popal as governor of the District of Badakhshan in 1959[13]
31
Din Muhammad Delawar
1960
1962
Independent (monarchy)
Din Muhammad Delawar replaced Khuda Dad Etemadi as governor of the District of Badakhshan in 1960[13]
Abdul Qayyum Atai replaced Din Muhammad Delawar as governor of the District of Badakhshan in 1962[13]
33
Abdul Karim Seraj
1963
1963
Independent (monarchy)
General Abdul Karim Seraj (alternatively spelled Siraj) replaced Muhammad Ismail Mayar as Governor of Badakhshan and Qataghan in 1963. He was the last Governor of Badakhshan and Qataghan, which was dissolved and divided into four provinces in 1963.[13] He then served as governor Kunduz from 1963 to 1965 following the division of Qattaghan and Badakhshan Province.[citation needed]
Seraj was the son of Habibullah Khan, Amir of Afghanistan from 1901 to 1919. He was born in 1912.
34
Nisar Ahmad Sherzai
1963
1967
Independent (monarchy)
Nisar Ahmad Sherzai was appointed governor of the newly created Badakhshan Province in 1963[13]
35
Roshandil Roshan
1967
?
Independent (monarchy)
Roshandil Roshan replaced Nisar Ahmad Sherzai as Governor of Badakhshan Province in 1967[13]
Member of the Jamiat-e-IslamiParty, formerly a professor at Kabul University and spokesman for Ministry of Education. Survived attack on 20 June 2011 in Ordoj District.[29]
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