Top Qs
Timeline
Chat
Perspective
List of rulers of Parthian sub-kingdoms
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Remove ads
The Parthian Empire ruled over an area roughly corresponding to present-day Iran from the third century BC to the third century AD. It contained a varying number of subordinate semi-autonomous kingdoms each with its own ruler.
Lists of rulers
Summarize
Perspective
Arsacids of Armenia 12–428 AD
- Vonones 12–16 (Former king of Parthia as Vonones I)
- Orodes 16–18 (Son of Artabanus III king of Parthia)
- Artaxias III 18–35 (From the house of Polemon)
- Arsaces I 35 (Son of Artabanus III king of Parthia)
- Orodes 35 (Again)
- Mithridates I 35–37 (Son of Mithridates (IV) king of Iberia)
- Orodes 37–42 (Again)
- Mithridates I 42–52 (Again)
- Rhadamistus 52–54 (Son of Pharasmanes (III) king of Iberia)
- Tiridates I 54–60 (Son of Vonones II king of Parthia & Medes)
- Tigranes VI 60–62 (From the house of Herod)
- Tiridates I 62–c. 75 (Again)
- Unknown king c. 75–89 (Probably Vologases II of Parthia)
- Sanatruces I 89–109 (Son of Vologases I of Parthia)
- Axidares (Ashkhadar) 110–113 (Son of Pacorus II king of Parthia)
- Parthamasiris (Partamasir) 113–114 (Son of Pacorus II king of Parthia)
- Roman occupation 114–115
- Mithridates II 114–116 (Brother of Sanatruces I & Osroes I king of Parthia)
- Sanatruces II 116 (Son of Mithridates II)
- Vologases I from 116 (Son of Sanatruces I)
- ?Achaemenes until 138/144
- Sohaemus 138/144–161 (Son of Achaemenes)
- Pacorus I 161–164 (Aurelius Pacorus)
- Sohaemus 164–178 (Again)
- Vologases II 178–197
- Unknown king 197-215
- Khosrov I 215–216 (Son of Vologases II)
- Roman occupation 216-217
- Tiridates II 217–222
- ?Khosrov (II) 222–238
- ?Tiridates (III) 238–253
- Sasanian occupation 253-279
- Hormozd-Ardashir 253-270 (Later king of Iran as Hormizd I son of Shapur I Sassanid)
- Narseh 270-293 (Later king of Iran as Narseh son of Shapur I Sassanid)
- Artavasdes VI c. 260
- Khosrov II 279–287
- Tiridates (IV) 287–298
- Tiridates III 298–330
- Pacorus II 330 (Usurper)
- Khosrov III 330–338
- Tigranes VII 338–351
- Arsaces II (Arshak II) 351–367
- Papas (Pap) 367–374
- Varasdates (Varazdat) 374–378
- Vologases III 378–386 (Co-ruler with Arsaces III (Arshak III))
- Arsaces III 378–389 (Co-ruler with Vologases III then Khosrov IV)
- Khosrov IV 386–392 (Co-ruler with Arsaces III & then alone)
- Vramshapuh 392–414
- Khosrov IV 414–416 (Again)
- Tigranes VIII 416 co-ruler with Arsaces IV
- Arsaces IV 416 co-ruler with Tigranes VIII
- Shapur 416–420 (Later king of Iran as Shapur IV son of Yazdegerd I Sassanid)
- Artaxias IV 422–428
Arsacids of Media 144 BC – 232 AD
- Vologases (Bagasha) 144–122 BC[1]
- Arsaces 122–111[1]
- Artaxerxes 111–97[1]
- Artabanus 97–88[1]
- Mithridates 88–67[1]
- Darius 67–65[1]
- Mithridates 65–55
- Orodes 55–50
- Pacorus 50–38
- ?Tiridates c. 30–25
- ?Mithridates 12–9 BC[2]
- ?Orodes c. 4–6 AD
- Artabanus 9–12 AD
- ...
- Vonones c. 45–51
- Pacorus 51–75 son of Vonones
- ...
- Arsaces c. 136 AD
- ?Pacorus to 163 AD
- ...
- Vologases to 208
- ...
- Artabanus 213–226
- Pacorus from 226 AD son of Artabanus
Arsacid kings of Iberia 123 BC – c. 230 AD
Arsacids of Caucasian Albania 123 BC – c. 490 AD
- Vachagan I the Brave
- Vache I
- Urnayr
- Vachagan II
- Mirhavan
- Satoy
- Asay
- Aswagen
- Vache II
- Vachagan III the Pious
Arsacids of Hyrcania c. 170 BC – c. 230 AD
- Arsaces c. 165 BC son of Phraates I
- Himerus to 129 BC
- Otanes c. 70 BC
- Artabanus c. 9–40 AD
- Gotarzes 40–51 AD
Indo-Parthians c. 20 –c. 240 AD
Indo-Parthian rulers of Sistan (Drangiana)[3]
- Gondophares I Great king of kings, Autocrator (c. 20 BC – first years AD)
- Gondophares II Gadana Orthagnes (c. 20 AD – 30 AD?), brother of Gondophares I
- Gondophares III Sases (mid-1st century AD)
- Gondophares IV Gadana Obouzanes, son of Orthagnes
- Sanabares Great King, son of Ubouzanes
- Abdagases II King, son of Sanabares
- Pacores (late 1st century AD)
- ? Tiridates (No coins), son of Sanabares
- ? Atursasan (No coins), son of Tiridates
- Farn-Sasan, son of Atursasan
Indo-Parthian rulers of Arachosia (Kandahar)[3]
- Gondophares I Great king of kings, Autocrator (c. 20 BC – first years AD)
- Sarpedones Basileontos (first years AD – c. 20 AD)
- Gondophares II Gadana Orthagnes Basileontos (c. 20 AD – 30 AD?)
- Abdagases I, nephew of Gondophares I (first years AD – mid-1st century AD)
- Sarpedones Great king of kings, Dikaios, Soter, Nikiphoros
- Gondophares III Sases (mid-1st century AD)
- Sanabares Great King, Soter
- Abdagases II King
- Pacores (late 1st century AD)
Indo-Parthian rulers of Jammu[3]
- Gondophares I (c. 20 BC – first years AD)
- Abdagases I (first years AD – mid-1st century AD)
- Sarpedones
- Gondophares III Sases (mid-1st century AD)
- Gondophares IV Gadana Obouzanes
- Gondophares III Sases (mid-1st century AD)
Indo-Parthian rulers of Indus shore (Balochistan)[3]
- Sarpedones
- Satavastra
- Gondophares III Sases (mid-1st century AD)
Indo-Parthian rulers of Gandhara[3]
- Gondophares I (c. 20 BC – first years AD)
- Abdagases I Basileontos (first years AD – mid-1st century AD)
- Abdagases I Great king, king of kings (first years AD – mid-1st century AD)
- Gondophares III Sases (mid-1st century AD)
Indo-Parthian rulers of Taxila[3]
- Abdagases I (first years AD – mid-1st century AD)
- Gondophares III Sases (mid-1st century AD)
Indo-Parthian rulers of North Arachosia (Bagram)[3]
- Gondophares I Great king of kings, Autocrator, Soter (c. 20 BC – first years AD)
- Abdagases I Great king, Soter (first years AD – mid-1st century AD)
Kings of Merv & Abarshahr[4] c. 10–c. 250 AD
- ? cont. with Phraates V
- ? cont. with Artabanus II
- ? cont. with Gotarzes II and Vardanes I
- D ... c. 50 AD
- Po ... cont. with Vologases I
- Sanabares c. 2nd half of the 1st century AD
- Pacores c. 100 AD
- ? cont. with Vologases III and Mithridates IV
- ? cont. with Vologases III and Mithridates IV
- Tiren cont. with Vologases IV
- ? cont. with Vologases IV
- Ardashir c. 200 AD
- ? 1st half of the 3rd century
- ? 1st half of the 3rd century
- ? c. 250 AD
Kings of Persis[5] c. 230 BC – c. 210 AD
Rulers of Hatra (2nd century BCE - 2nd century CE)
In inscriptions found at Hatra, several rulers are mentioned, while other rulers are sporadically mentioned by classical authors.
They appear with two titles: the earlier rulers are called mry' (translation uncertain, perhaps administrator), the later ones mlk -king - see Kingdom of Hatra.
Kings of Elymais c. 147 BC – c. 224 AD
- Kamnaskires I Soter (c. 147 BC?)
- Kamnaskires II Nikephoros (c 145–c. 139 BC)
- Okkonapses (c. 139/138–c. 137 BC), rebel
- Tigraios (c. 137–c. 132 bc), rebel
- Darius Soter (c. 129 BC), rebel
- Pittit (125–124 BC), rebel
- Kamnaskires III (c. 82–62/61 BC), co-ruler with Anzaze
- Anzaze (c. 82–62/61 BC), co-ruler with Kamnaskires III
- Kamnaskires IV (1st century BC)
- Kamnaskires V (1st century BC)
- Kamnaskires VI (1st century AD)
- Orodes I (1st century)
- Orodes II, also known as Kamnaskires-Orodes (1st/2nd century)
- Phraates (1st/2nd century)
- Osroes (2nd century)
- Orodes III (2nd century), co-ruler with Ulfan
- Ulfan (2nd century), co-ruler with Orodes III
- Abar-Basi (2nd century)
- Orodes IV (2nd/3rd century)
- Khwasak (3rd century)
- Orodes V (3rd century)
Kings of Characene[7] c. 170 BC–c. 222 AD
- Hyspaosines c. 127–122/121 BC
- Apodakos c. 110/109-104/103 BC
- Tiraios I 95/94-90/89 BC
- Tiraios II 79/78-49/48 BC
- Artabazos 49/48-48/47 BC
- Attambelos I 47/46-25/24 BC
- Theonesios I c. 19/18 BC
- Attambalos II c. 17/16 BC - AD 8/9
- Abinergaos I 10/11; 22/23
- Orabazes I c. 19
- Attambalos III c. 37/38-44/45
- Theonesios II c. 46/47
- Theonesios III c. 52/53
- Attambalos IV 54/55-64/65
- Attambalos V 64/65-73/74
- Orabazes II c. 73-80
- Pakoros (II) 80-101/02 king of Iran
- Attambalos VI c. 101/02-105/06
- Theonesios IV c. 110/11-112/113
- Attambalos VII 113/14-117
- Meredates c. 131-150/51 son of Pakoros (II) king of Iran
- Orabazes III c. 150/151-165
- Abinergaios II (?) c. 165-180
- Attambalos VIII c. 180-195 (?)
- Maga (?) c. 195-210
- Abinergaos III c. 210-222
Kings of Osrhoene 132 BC–c. 293 AD
- Aryu (132–127 BC)
- Abdu bar Maz'ur (127–120 BC)
- Fradhasht bar Gebar'u (120–115 BC)
- Bakru I bar Fradhasht (115–112 BC)
- Bakru II bar Bakru (112–94 BC)
- Ma'nu I (94 BC)
- Abgar I Piqa (94–68 BC)
- Abgar II bar Abgar (68–52 BC)
- Ma'nu II (52–34 BC)
- Paqor (34–29 BC)
- Abgar III (29–26 BC)
- Abgar IV Sumaqa (26–23 BC)
- Ma'nu III Saphul (23–4 BC)
- Abgar V Ukkama bar Ma'nu (Abgarus of Edessa) (4 BC–7 AD)
- Ma'nu IV bar Ma'nu (7–13 AD)
- Abgar V Ukkama bar Ma'nu (13–50)
- Ma'nu V bar Abgar (50–57)
- Ma'nu VI bar Abgar (57–71)
- Abgar VI bar Ma'nu (71–91)
- Sanatruk (91–109)
- Abgar VII bar Ezad (109–116)
- Roman interregnum 116–118
- Yalur (118–122, co-ruler with Parthamaspates)
- Parthamaspates (118–123)
- Ma'nu VII bar Ezad (123–139)
- Ma'nu VIII bar Ma'nu (139–163)
- Wa'il bar Sahru (163–165)
- Ma'nu VIII bar Ma'nu (165–167)
- Abgar VIII (167–177)
- Abgar IX (the great) (177–212)
- Abgar X Severus bar Ma'nu (212–214)
- Abgar (X) Severus Bar Abgar (IX) Rabo (214–216)
- Ma’nu (IX) Bar Abgar (X) Severus (216–242)
- Abgar (XI) Farhat Bar Ma’nu (IX) (242–244)
Kings of Adiabene c. 69 BC – c. 310 AD
- Abdissares (c. 164 BC)
- Unknown king (c. 69 BC)
- Artaxares (cont. with Augustus)
- Izates I (c. 15 AD)
- Bazeus Monobazus I (20?–30?)
- Heleni (c. 30–58)
- Izates II bar Monobazus (c. 34–58)
- Vologases (Parthian occupation opposing Izates II) (c. 50)
- Monobazus II bar Monobazus (58 – middle of the 70s)
- Meharaspes (?–116)
- To the Roman Empire (116–117)
- Atwr ('tlw) (c. 150)
- To the Sassanid Empire
- Ardashir II (344–376)
Kings of Korduene c. 140 BC – c. 359 AD
- Zarbienus; early mid-1st century BC until c. 69 BC. Killed by Tigranes II.
- Manisarus; ~ 115 AD: He took control over parts of Armenia and Mesopotamia, in the time of Trajan.
- Ardashir; ~ 340s AD: He was against the Christianization of Corduene.[8]
- Jovinian ~ 359 AD[9]
Remove ads
Notes and references
Bibliography
Wikiwand - on
Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.
Remove ads