Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L42

28S ribosomal protein L42, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPL42 gene.^[5][6][7]

MRPL42
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3J7Y, 3J9M
Identifiers
Aliases	MRPL42, L31MT, L42MT, MRP-L31, MRP-L42, MRP-S32, MRPL31, MRPS32, PTD007, RPML31, S32MT, HSPC204, Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L42
External IDs	OMIM: 611847; MGI: 1333774; HomoloGene: 12106; GeneCards: MRPL42; OMA:MRPL42 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 12 (human)[1] Band 12q22 Start 93,467,514 bp[1] End 93,516,214 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 10 (mouse)[2] Band 10 C2|10 49.39 cM Start 95,316,667 bp[2] End 95,337,802 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in islet of Langerhans ganglionic eminence rectum sperm endothelial cell ventricular zone right testis left testis gonad right adrenal cortex Top expressed in quadriceps femoris muscle skeletal muscle tissue heart muscle of thigh right kidney proximal tubule yolk sac embryo epiblast stomach More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function structural constituent of ribosome RNA binding Cellular component mitochondrial inner membrane plasma membrane ribosome mitochondrion mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit Biological process mitochondrial translational elongation mitochondrial translational termination protein biosynthesis Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 28977 67270 Ensembl ENSG00000198015 ENSMUSG00000062981 UniProt Q9Y6G3 Q9CPV3 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_014050 NM_172177 NM_172178 NM_026065 NM_001359476 NM_001359477 RefSeq (protein) NP_054769 NP_751917 NP_080341 NP_001346405 NP_001346406 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 93.47 – 93.52 Mb Chr 10: 95.32 – 95.34 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a protein identified as belonging to both the 28S and the 39S subunits. Further experiments will be needed to identify the specific subunit localization. Sequence analysis identified three transcript variants that encode two different isoforms. Pseudogenes corresponding to this gene are found on chromosomes 4q, 6p, 6q, 7p, and 15q.^[7]