MV Yara Birkeland

MV Yara Birkeland is an autonomous 120 TEU container ship^[4] carrying fertilizer between ports at Herøya and Brevik in Norway.^[3] The Yara Birkeland was designed to serve as a proof of concept for a fully autonomous ship capable of global travel and with multiple functions from industrial site operations to port operations.

History
Name	Yara Birkeland
Namesake	Yara International and Kristian Birkeland
Owner	Yara International
Route	Herøya–Brevik, 7 NM (13 km)
Ordered	2017
Builder	Marin Teknik
Cost	$25m
In service	2022
Identification	IMO number: 9865049 MMSI number: 257646000[1]
General characteristics
Type	Autonomous cargo ship
Tonnage	3,200 DWT
Length	Over 80 metres (260 ft)
Beam	15 metres (49 ft)
Draught	5 metres (16 ft)
Depth	12 metres (39 ft)
Installed power	Batteries 6,800 kWh, 6,600 V[2]
Propulsion	Electric motors driving 2 azimuth pods (2x 900 kW) and 2 tunnel thrusters (2x 700 kW)[2]
Speed	6 knots (11 km/h) service 12 knots (22 km/h) maximum
Capacity	120 TEU
Crew	manned[3]
Notes	First autonomous commercial ship in the world.

Construction

Yara Birkeland is 80 metres (260 ft) long, with a beam of 14.8 metres (49 ft) and a depth of 12 metres (39 ft). It has a draught of 6 metres (20 ft). Electric motors driving two azimuth pods and two tunnel thrusters. Batteries rated at 6.7 MWh^[5] power the electric motors, giving it an optimal speed of 6 knots (11 km/h) and a maximum speed of 10 knots (19 km/h). It has a capacity of 120 TEU.^[6] Costing $25million^[7] (NOK250 million)^[3] it is designed by Marin Teknikk, with navigation equipment by Kongsberg Maritime.^[6] The Norwegian Government gave a grant of NOK133.6 million towards the construction of the ship, about a third of the total cost, in September 2017.^[8]

Operation

Yara Birkeland is named after its owners Yara International and its founder, Norwegian scientist Kristian Birkeland.^[9] Yara Birkeland sails between Herøya and Brevik (~7 nautical miles (13 km))^[6] carrying chemicals and fertiliser, and is intended to reduce road truck traffic by 40,000 loads per year.^[5] In late November, 2021, the ship sailed to Oslo, where it was toured by the Prime Minister of Norway, Jonas Gahr Støre, on Friday, November 19, 2021.^[10][11] As of August 2021, remote operation was intended to start in late 2021, though regulatory obstacles may still remained ahead of its intended start of commercial operations in 2022.^[12][4][11] The ship was christened on April 29, 2022 in Brevik where 500 local students and Crown Prince Haakon was attending.^[13] Regulations require crew on board for two years before being considered for remote control.^[3]

Legacy

In 2019, the Yara Birkeland was a finalist in the annual Nor-Shipping Next Generation Ship competition.^[14][15]

See also

• Unmanned surface vehicle