Mazalim

Al-Maẓālim (Arabic: المظالم, romanized: al-maẓālim, lit. 'injustices, grievances') were an ancient pre-Islamic institution that was adopted by the Abbasid Caliphate in the eighth century CE. The main purpose of the maẓālim courts was to give ordinary people redress.^[1] Al-Maẓālim, or the sultan's court, was distinguished from the shurṭa or police courts.^[2]

Mazalim

Flag of Abbasid dynasty
Abbasid Government Institution overview
Formed	Late eighth century
Dissolved	Thirteenth century
Jurisdiction	Caliphate
Headquarters	Baghdad Samarra
Abbasid Government Institution executive	Abbasid Caliphs