Modulus (gastropod)

Modulus is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Modulidae.^[3]

Modulus
Shell of Modulus turbinoides (holotype at MNHN, Paris)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Caenogastropoda
Superfamily:	Cerithioidea
Family:	Modulidae
Genus:	Modulus Gray, 1840[1]
Type species
Trochus modulus Linnaeus, 1758
Synonyms[2]
Aplodon Rafinesque, 1819

Species

Species within the genus Modulus include:^[2]

• Modulus ambiguus Dautzenberg, 1910
• Modulus bayeri Petuch, 2001
• Modulus bermontianus Petuch, 1994
• Modulus cerodes A. Adams, 1851
• Modulus disculus (Philippi, 1846)
• Modulus guernei Dautzenberg, 1900
• Modulus hennequini Petuch, 2013
• Modulus honkerorum Petuch, 2013
• Modulus kaicherae Petuch, 1987
• Modulus lindae Petuch, 1987
• Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758) - the type species, known as the "button snail"
• Modulus nodosus Macsotay & Campos, 2001
• Modulus pacei Petuch, 1987
• Modulus turbinoides (Locard, 1897)

Taxa inquirenda

• Modulus duplicatus A. Adams, 1851
• Modulus morleti P. Fischer, 1882
• Modulus obliquus A. Adams, 1851
• Modulus obtusatus (Philippi, 1847)

Species brought into synonymy

• Modulus calusa Petuch, 1988: synonym of Trochomodulus calusa (Petuch, 1988) (original combination)
• Modulus canaliculatus Mörch, 1876: synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Modulus candidus Petit de la Saussaye, 1853: synonym of Indomodulus tectum (Gmelin, 1791)
• Modulus carchedonius (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of Trochomodulus carchedonius (Lamarck, 1822)
• Modulus catenulatus (Philippi, 1849): synonym of Trochomodulus catenulatus (Philippi, 1849)
• Modulus cidaris Reeve, 1848: synonym of Modulus tectum (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Indomodulus tectum (Gmelin, 1791)
• Modulus convexior Mörch, 1876: synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Modulus dorsuosus Gould, 1853: synonym of Modulus disculus (Philippi, 1846)
• Modulus floridanus Conrad, 1869: synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Modulus krebsii Mörch, 1876: synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Modulus lenticularis (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Modulus perlatus (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Modulus pisum Mörch, 1876: synonym of Modulus modulus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Modulus tectum (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Indomodulus tectum (Gmelin, 1791)
• Modulus trochiformis Souleyet, 1852: synonym of Trochomodulus catenulatus (Philippi, 1849)