NASA Astronaut Group 10

NASA Astronaut Group 10 (nicknamed "The Maggots"^[1]) was a group of 17 astronauts that were announced on May 23, 1984 and consisted of seven pilots and ten mission specialists.^[2] Although selected in 1984, no member of the group would fly until 1988 (William Shepherd on STS-27) due to the Challenger disaster and the resulting grounding of the Space Shuttle fleet.

The Maggots
The Astronauts of Group 10
Year selected	1984
Number selected	17
← 9 (1980) 11 (1985) →

Achievements

Of this group, several spaceflight firsts were achieved:

• First American-born Hispanic astronaut and first Hispanic shuttle pilot and commander: Sidney Gutierrez (June 5, 1991, STS-40)
• First International Space Station commander: William Shepherd^[3] (October 31, 2000, Expedition 1)
• First person to command five space missions^[4] and tallest person in space: James Wetherbee (November 23, 2002, STS-113)
• First submariner in space: Michael McCulley (October 18, 1989, STS-34)

Group members

Pilots

• Kenneth D. Cameron (born 1949), U.S. Marine Corps (3 flights)^[5]

STS-37 Atlantis — April 1991 — Pilot — Compton Gamma Ray Observatory deployment

STS-56 Discovery — April 1993 — Commander — ATLAS-2, solar observation experiments, first radio contact between the Space Shuttle and Mir

STS-74 Atlantis — November 1995 — Commander — Second Mir docking, fourth Shuttle-Mir mission

• John H. Casper (born 1943), U.S. Air Force (4 flights)^[6]

STS-36 Atlantis — February 1990 — Pilot — Classified United States Department of Defense mission, deployed USA-53 (Misty)

STS-54 Endeavour — January 1993 — Commander — TDRS-6 deployment

STS-62 Columbia — March 1994 — Commander — USMP-02 microgravity experiment package and OAST-2 payload

STS-77 Endeavour — May 1996 — Commander — SPACEHAB mission

• Frank L. Culbertson, Jr. (born 1949), U.S. Navy (5 flights)^[7]

STS-38 Atlantis — November 1990 — Pilot — Classified United States Department of Defense mission, spy satellite deployment

STS-51 Discovery — September 1993 — Commander — Advanced Communications Technology Satellite deployment

STS-105 Discovery — August 2001 — Mission Specialist — International Space Station mission, crew rotation and delivery of MPLM Leonardo

ISS Expedition 3 — August–December 2001 — Commander

STS-108 Endeavour — December 2001 — Mission Specialist — International Space Station mission, crew rotation and delivery of MPLM Raffaello

• Sidney M. Gutierrez (born 1951), U.S. Air Force (2 flights)^[8]

STS-40 Columbia — June 1991 — Pilot — Spacelab mission

STS-59 Endeavour — April 1994 — Commander — SRL-1 radar observations

• L. Blaine Hammond, Jr. (born 1952), U.S. Air Force (2 flights)^[9]

STS-39 Discovery — April 1991 — Pilot — First unclassified United States Department of Defense mission

STS-64 Discovery — September 1994 — Pilot — Earth and solar observations, first untethered spacewalk since STS-51-A

• Michael J. McCulley (born 1943), U.S. Navy (1 flight)^[10]

STS-34 Atlantis — October 1989 — Pilot — Deployment of Galileo orbiter and probe to Jupiter

• James D. "Wxb" Wetherbee (born 1952), U.S. Navy (6 flights)^[4]

STS-32 Columbia — January 1990 — Pilot — Long Duration Exposure Facility retrieval, deployment of SYNCOM IV-F5

STS-52 Columbia — October 1992 — Commander — LAGEOS-II deployment, USMP-01 microgravity experiment package

STS-63 Discovery — February 1995 — Commander — First rendezvous of the Space Shuttle and Mir, second Shuttle-Mir mission, first Shuttle mission with female Pilot

STS-86 Atlantis — September 1997 — Commander — Seventh Mir docking

STS-102 Discovery — March 2001 — Commander — International Space Station mission, crew rotation and delivery of MPLM Leonardo

STS-113 Endeavour — November 2002 — Commander — International Space Station mission, crew rotation and installment of P1 truss, last successful Shuttle mission before the Columbia disaster

Mission Specialists

• James C. Adamson (born 1946), U.S. Army (2 flights)^[11]

STS-28 Columbia — August 1989 — Mission Specialist — Classified United States Department of Defense mission, USA-40 and USA-41 deployments

STS-43 Atlantis — August 1991 — Mission Specialist — TDRS-5 deployment

• Ellen S. Baker (born 1953), Physician (3 flights)^[12]

STS-34 Atlantis — October 1989 — Mission Specialist — Deployment of Galileo orbiter and probe to Jupiter

STS-50 Columbia — June 1992 — Mission Specialist — USML-1 microgravity laboratory mission, first use of Extended Duration Orbiter package and first landing of Columbia at Kennedy Space Center

STS-71 Atlantis — June 1995 — Mission Specialist — First docking with Mir, third Shuttle-Mir mission, Mir crew rotation

• Mark N. Brown (born 1951), U.S. Air Force (2 flights)^[13]

STS-28 Columbia — August 1989 — Mission Specialist — Classified United States Department of Defense mission, USA-40 and USA-41 deployments

STS-48 Discovery — September 1991 — Mission Specialist — Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite deployment

• Manley L. "Sonny" Carter, Jr. (1947–1991), U.S. Navy (1 flight)^[14]

STS-33 Discovery — November 1989 — Mission Specialist — Classified United States Department of Defense mission, USA-48 deployment, first night launch since Challenger disaster

• Marsha S. Ivins (born 1951), Engineer (5 flights)^[15]

STS-32 Columbia — January 1990 — Mission Specialist — Long Duration Exposure Facility retrieval, deployment of SYNCOM IV-F5

STS-46 Atlantis — July 1992 — Mission Specialist — European Retrievable Carrier deployment, tethered satellite experiments

STS-62 Columbia — March 1994 — Mission Specialist — USMP-02 microgravity experiment package and OAST-2 payload

STS-81 Atlantis — January 1997 — Mission Specialist — Third Mir docking, fifth Shuttle-Mir mission, Mir crew rotation

STS-98 Atlantis — February 2001 — Mission Specialist — International Space Station mission, installment of Destiny Laboratory Module

• Mark C. Lee (born 1952), U.S. Air Force (4 flights)^[16]

STS-30 Atlantis — May 1989 — Mission Specialist — Deployment of Magellan probe to Venus

STS-47 Endeavour — September 1992 — Payload Commander — Spacelab mission, first Japanese astronaut to fly on the Shuttle, first African-American woman in space, first married couple in space

STS-64 Discovery — September 1994 — Mission Specialist — Earth and solar observations, first untethered spacewalk since STS-51-A

STS-82 Discovery — February 1997 — Mission Specialist — Second Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission

• G. David Low (1956–2008), Engineer (3 flights)^[17]

STS-32 Columbia — January 1990 — Mission Specialist — Long Duration Exposure Facility retrieval, deployment of SYNCOM IV-F5

STS-43 Atlantis — August 1991 — Mission Specialist — TDRS-5 deployment

STS-57 Endeavour — June 1993 — Mission Specialist — European Retrievable Carrier retrieval, SPACEHAB mission

• William M. Shepherd (born 1949), U.S. Navy (6 flights)^[3]

STS-27 Atlantis — December 1988 — Mission Specialist — Classified United States Department of Defense mission, USA-34 (Lacrosse-1) deployment

STS-41 Discovery — October 1990 — Mission Specialist — Deployment of Ulysses probe into polar orbit of the Sun

STS-52 Columbia — October 1992 — Mission Specialist — LAGEOS-II deployment, USMP-01 microgravity experiment package

Soyuz TM-31 — October 2000 — Flight Engineer — First Soyuz spacecraft to dock with the International Space Station

ISS Expedition 1 — November 2000–March 2001 — Commander — First long-duration International Space Station crew

STS-102 Discovery — March 2001 — Mission Specialist — International Space Station mission, crew rotation and delivery of MPLM Leonardo

• Kathryn C. Thornton (born 1952), Physicist (4 flights)^[18]

STS-33 Discovery — November 1989 — Mission Specialist — Classified United States Department of Defense mission, USA-48 deployment, first night launch since Challenger disaster

STS-49 Endeavour — May 1992 — Mission Specialist — Maiden flight of Endeavour, Intelsat 603 retrieval and relaunch

STS-61 Endeavour — December 1993 — Mission Specialist — First Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission

STS-73 Columbia — October 1995 — Mission Specialist — USML-2 microgravity laboratory mission

• Charles Veach (1944–1995), U.S. Air Force (2 flights)^[19]

STS-39 Discovery — April 1991 — Mission Specialist — First unclassified United States Department of Defense mission

STS-52 Columbia — October 1992 — Mission Specialist — LAGEOS-II deployment, USMP-01 microgravity experiment package