NGC 4478

NGC 4478 is an elliptical galaxy located about 50 million light-years away^[3] in the constellation Virgo.^[4] NGC 4478 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 12, 1784.^[5] NGC 4478 is a member of the Virgo Cluster.^[6]

NGC 4478
SDSS image of NGC 4478.
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation	Virgo
Right ascension	12h 30m 17.4s[1]
Declination	12° 19′ 43″[1]
Redshift	0.004500/1349 km/s[1]
Distance	52.2 Mly[2]
Group or cluster	Virgo Cluster
Apparent magnitude (V)	12.36[1]
Characteristics
Type	E2[1]
Size	~30,000 ly (estimated)[1]
Apparent size (V)	1.9 x 1.6[1]
Other designations
CGCG 70-133, MCG 2-32-99, PGC 41297, UGC 7645, VCC 1279[1]

Nuclear disk

Hubble images indicate that NGC 4478 has a central nuclear disk.^[7]

Metallicity

In NGC 4478, the central regions of the galaxy are high in metals while having less overabundance of the element iron than the main body. In contrast, the outer regions of the galaxy are low in metals while having a high overabundance in iron.^[7]

Globular clusters

NGC 4478 has a typical sub-population of metal-poor globular clusters. However, it has a lack of metal-rich clusters. The lack of metal-rich clusters in other galaxies is usually attributed to accretion, or mergers with other galaxies. The only other known elliptical that has been shown to have a domination of metal-poor globular clusters is the giant galaxy NGC 4874 which is located in the center of the Coma Cluster.^[2]

Reduced population

Due to tidal truncation caused by Messier 87, a significant amount of globular clusters have been striped away from NGC 4478 and have become members of Messier 87's globular cluster system.^[8]

Interaction with Messier 87

NGC 4478 is likely to be a companion of the giant elliptical Messier 87. The two galaxies are separated from each other by about 130,400 Light-years (40 kpc). NGC 4478 has been tidally truncated by Messier 87.^[2]

See also

• List of NGC objects (4001–5000)
• Messier 87
• NGC 4458