NSP4 (rotavirus)

The rotavirus nonstructural protein NSP4 was the first viral enterotoxin discovered.^[1] It is a viroporin^[2] and induces diarrhea and causes Ca²⁺-dependent transepithelial secretion.^[3]

NSP4 (rotavirus)
Identifiers
Symbol	Rota_NSP4
Pfam	PF01452
InterPro	IPR002107
CATH	1g1iA00
SCOP2	1g1i / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures: Pfam   structures / ECOD   PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

A transmembrane glycoprotein, NSP4 is organized into three main domains: a three-helical TM domain in the N-terminus (also a viroporin domain), a central cytoplasmic coiled-coil domain for multimerization, and a C-terminal flexible region. It can also be secreted out of the cell. As of 2019, only structures of the central domain, which is responsible for diarrhea, has been solved. It oligomerizes into dimeric, tetrameric, pentameric, and even higher-order forms.^[4]