Nagar (princely state)

Nagar (Urdu: ریاست نگر, Riyasat Nagar) was a Burusho^[1] princely state located in the northern region of present-day Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan. Although under the suzerainty of the Jammu and Kashmir (princely state), Nagar was not a part of it, and had status of a separate state.^[2] Before August 1947, it maintained a subsidiary alliance with British India. It shared its borders with the Gilgit Agency states to the south and west, while to the north and east, it bordered the princely state of District Hunza. From November 1947 to 1974, Nagar was recognized as a princely state within Pakistan, with its administrative center in the town of Nagar.

Nagar ریاست نگر
Princely state of Pakistan
c. 1300–25 September 1974
Flag Coat of arms
Map of Pakistan with Nagar highlighted
Capital	Nagar, Pakistan
Area
•	5,000 km2 (1,900 sq mi)
History
• Established	c. 1300
• Disestablished	25 September 1974
Today part of	Pakistan, Gilgit-Baltistan

The land that was previously part of Nagar now comprises three tehsils within the Nagar District of northern Pakistan.

History

Nagar, established in the 14th century, operated as an autonomous principality until the British exerted control over the region during the Hunza–Nagar Campaign (1889–1893). Subsequently, it became a colonial princely state under the jurisdiction of the Gilgit Agency until 1947.^[3] However, starting in 1868, Nagar was a vassal state under the authority of the Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir, even though it was never directly governed by Kashmir. The rulers of Nagar were considered to be among the most loyal vassals of the Maharajas of Jammu and Kashmir, sending annual tributes to their Durbars until 1947. The British granted them a hereditary gun salute of 15-guns.

In November 1947, the ruler, Mir Shaukat Ali Khan, acceded Nagar to Pakistan, which became responsible for its external affairs and defense, while Nagar maintained internal self-government.^[4] In 1968, Syed Yahya Shah, the first educated politician of the valley, demanded civil rights from the Mir of Nagar. In 1972, the Pakistan People's Party government (under Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto) forced the Mir of Nagar to abdicate. The area was then merged with the Northern Areas.^[5]

The Hunza valley looking across the river to Nagar

Rakaposhi

Government

The state was governed by the hereditary rulers of the Maglot dynasty, who were referred to as Mir. The details of these early rulers are uncertain; the first definite dates available are from 1839. In November 1947, the state became one of the princely states of Pakistan. Brigadier Mir Shaukat Ali Khan was the last ruler of the State before it was abolished by Pakistani PM Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto in 1972.^[6]

Reign	Mirs of Nagar[citation needed][6]	Notes
1660-1700	Fazil Khan
1700-1750	Daud Khan
1750-1758	Ali Dad Khan	First reign
1758-1761	Hari Tham Khan	Shortest serving leader
1761-1770	Ali Dad Khan	Second reign
1770-1780	Kamal Khan
1780-1800	Rahim Khan I
1800-1839	Rahim Khan II
1839–1891	Jaffar Zahid Khan	First Reign Longest serving leader
1891-1892	Raja Ozor Khan	Regency Died 1922
1892-1904	Jaffar Zahid Khan	Second reign
1904-1940	Raja Mir Iskandar Khan
1940–1974	Mir Shaukat Ali Khan
25 September 1974	Accession into Pakistan
1974–2003	Mir Shaukat Ali Khan	(pretender)
2003–2011	Mir Barkat Ali Khan	[7] (pretender)
2011–	Mir Qasim Ali Khan	Incumbent[8] (pretender to the) throne of Nagar

Population

Demographics

There are around 90,000 inhabitants of the Nagar valley (AKRSP Census, 2000). As of now, the population is estimated to have exceeded 130,000.

Nagar is home to two main ethnic groups: the Burushaski speakers and the Shina speakers. An older form of Burushaski is still spoken in the valley with a subtle modern accent. Additionally, a third language, Bedeski, is also still spoken in Chalt Valley of Nagar.

Religion

The population is predominantly Shia Isna'asheri (Jafaria).

Geography

The terrain of Nagar is highly mountainous, offering a degree of natural protection against invading forces. The highest peak in the area is Mount Dastagilsar, standing at 7,885 meters, located in Hisper to the south of the town of Nagar. The Karakoram Highway passes through Nagar, connecting Pakistan to China via the Khunjerab Pass. The road follows the Hunza River for a considerable stretch, traveling through Nagar and into the Hunza region. In terms of local languages, Nagar Valley is divided into two main areas: Nagar Shinaki and Nagar Burosho.