Nickel niobate

Nickel niobate is a complex oxide which as a solid material has found potential applications in catalysis and lithium batteries.

Nickel niobate

Names
Other names Nickel niobium oxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	12059-60-8 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
PubChem CID	173095412
InChI InChI=1S/2Nb.Ni.6O/q;;+2;;;;;2*-1 Key: DKNMCUHNFSYQNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES [Ni+2].O=[Nb](=O)[O-].O=[Nb](=O)[O-]
Properties
Chemical formula	Nb2NiO6
Molar mass	340.50256 g/mol[1]
Appearance	Yellow powder[2]
Hazards[3]
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H302, H315, H317, H319, H334, H341, H350, H360, H372, H412
Precautionary statements	P202, P260, P264, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P284, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P311, P342+P311, P362+P364, P405, P501
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Properties

Complexes

Nickel niobate has been added to other elements forming bismuth nickel niobate (Bi
₂O
₃-NiO-Nb
₂O
₅), providing a dense ceramic body at low sintering temperatures. Cubic pyrochlore, tetragonal pyrochlore, and other unknown phases were found.^[4]

Single-phase perovskite ceramics of Pb(Ni
_1/3Nb
_2/3)O
₃ (PNN) have been prepared by the columbite precursor method. Dielectric studies showed that ceramic Pb(Ni
_1/3Nb
_2/3)O
₃ is a typical relaxor ferroelectric with properties like those of its single-crystals.^[5]

Applications

Nickel niobate has been examined for use as a catalyst to reduce 4-nitrophenol due to a photo-synergistic effect that exploits the synergy between thermal active sites and photogenerated electrons.^[6]

Nickel niobate has also been examined in an "open and regular" crystalline form for use as the anode in a lithium ion battery. It forms a porous, nano-scale structure that eliminates the dendrite formation that can cause short circuits and other problems. The material offers energy density of 244 mAh g−1 and retains 80%+ of its capacity across 20k cycles. The manufacturing process is straightforward and does not require a clean room.^[7] The anode offers a diffusion coefficient of 10−12 cm2 s−1 at 300 K, which allows fast charging/dischargine at high current densities, yielding capacities of 140 and 50 mAh g−1 for 10 and 100C respectively.^[8]