Notholirion

Notholirion is a small Asian genus of bulbous plants in the lily family, Liliaceae.^[2] It is closely related to Lilium, but each individual flowers only once, and then dies after producing offsets. The bulb is covered by a tunic. Leaves are basal, produced in autumn and winter.^[3][4]

Notholirion
Notholirion thomsonianum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Liliales
Family:	Liliaceae
Subfamily:	Lilioideae
Tribe:	Lilieae
Genus:	Notholirion Wall. ex Boiss.
Type species
Notholirion thomsonianum (Royle) Stapf[1]

Taxonomy

Baker (1874)^[5] considered Notholirion to be a subgenus of Fritillaria, but Boissier (1884)^[4] separated it as a distinct genus. The evolutionary and phylogenetic relationships between the genera currently included in Liliaceae are shown in the following Cladogram:

Cladogram: Phylogeny and biogeography of the genera of the Liliaceae

Liliaceae West NA Tricyrtis Streptopoideae Streptopus Prosartes Scoliopus West NA Calochortus Lilioideae* East NA EA Medeoleae East NA Clintonia Medeola Lilieae s.l. EA Tulipeae East Asia Tulipa Amana Erythronium Gagea (Lloydia) Lilieae s.s. Himalayas Notholirion Cardiocrinum Lilium (Nomocharis) Fritillaria

Phylogenetic tree reflecting relationships based on molecular phylogenetic evidence. *=Liliaceae sensu Tamura; EA=Eurasia NA=North America

Species

List of species:^[6][7][3]

• Notholirion bulbiferum (Lingelsh.) Stearn - Nepal, Bhutan, Sikkim, Assam, Myanmar, Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan
• Notholirion koeiei Rech.f. - Iran + Iraq
• Notholirion macrophyllum (D.Don) Boiss. - Tibet, Nepal, Sichuan, Yunnan, Bhutan, and Sikkim
• Notholirion thomsonianum (Royle) Stapf - Afghanistan, Himalayas of northern Pakistan + northern India