Nungali language

Nungali, or (with a different prefix) Yilngali, is an Australian language which is believed to be extinct. It was spoken in the Northern Territory of Australia, around the upper Daly River.^[2] Its closest relative is the Jaminjung language.

Nungali
Yilngali
Native to	Australia
Region	Upper Daly River, Northern Territory
Ethnicity	Nungali
Extinct	c. 2000
Revival	8 (2021)
Language family	Mirndi Yirram Nungali
Language codes
ISO 639-3	nug
Glottolog	nung1291
AIATSIS[1]	N28
ELP	Nungali

Grammar

Cases

It is the only Yirram language which has retained the original four-class system in nominals. The four classes are masculine, feminine, neuter and plants, and each of the classes have separate prefixes expressing the absolutive case, locative or ergative case, and the dative case.^[3]

Class		Abs.	Loc. / Erg.	Dat.
I	Masc.	ti-	nyi-	ki-
II	Fem.	nya-	nyani-	kanyi-
III	Neut.	nu- / ni-	nyi-	ki- / ku-
IV	Plants	ma-	-	ki-

The locative case is also productive when it comes to placenames. An example is Nyimarlanpurruni referring to the Timber Creek area, which consists of the neuter locative prefix nyi-, the word for "river gum", the plural marker -purru, and an additional marker of the neuter locative, -ni.^[3]