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Nuphar sagittifolia
Species of aquatic plant From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Nuphar sagittifolia, also known as Arrowleaf Pond-lily, Cape Fear spatterdock,[3] or Narrow-leaved Spatterdock,[4] is a perennial,[5] rhizomatous, aquatic[2] herb in the family Nymphaeaceae[5] with unique narrowly lanceolate leaves[6] known only from North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia.[2]
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Description
Vegetative characteristics
Nuphar sagittifolia is a perennial,[5] rhizomatous, aquatic,[2] heterophyllous[7] herb[5] with 2–2.5 cm wide rhizomes.[8] Both floating and submerged leaves are present, but submerged leaves are more common.[9][6] The crisped,[10] membranous submerged leaves are larger than the floating leaves. The glabrous,[11] green, linear to lanceolate floating leaf is 15–30(–50) cm long, and 5–10(–11.5) cm wide.[8] The subterete petiole is 1.5–7 mm wide.[10]
Generative characteristics
The yellow,[11] 2-3 cm wide flower[8] has a glabrous, 3–8 mm wide peduncle.[10] The flower has 6 sepals.[8] The yellow petals are thick and oblong.[10] The gynoecium consists of 11–15 carpels.[11] The almost entire, green, 14–18 mm wide stigmatic disk[8] has 11–15 stigmatic rays. The ovoid,[11] green, 3–3.5 cm long, and 2–3 cm wide fruit bears 4–5 mm long,[8] and 3 mm wide seeds.[10] Flowering and fruiting occurs from April to October.[7]
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Taxonomy
It was first published as Nymphaea sagittifolia Walter by Thomas Walter in 1788.[12][13] It was placed into the genus Nuphar Sm. as Nuphar sagittifolia (Walter) Pursh published by Frederick Traugott Pursh in 1813.[14][15][16] It is placed in the section Nuphar sect. Astylus.[17]
Etymology
The specific epithet sagittifolia means having arrow-shaped leaves.[18][19]
Habitat
It is aquatic, found in lakes, ponds, and slow-moving rivers in the coastal plains[8][10] in up to 2.1 m deep, acidic water.[9]
Conservation
The NatureServe conservation status is T2 Imperiled.[1] In Virginia, it is threatened. In North Carolina, it is placed on the Rare Plant Watch List. In South Carolina, it is also placed on the list of rare species.[7]
References
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