Nyawaygi language

Not to be confused with Bindal language, also called Nyawaygi.

The Nyawaygi language, also spelt Nywaigi, Geugagi, Njawigi, Nyawigi or Nawagi, is an extinct Australian Aboriginal language that was spoken by the Nyawaygi people in North Queensland, on the east coast of Australia. The Nyawaygi language region includes the landscape within the Hinchinbrook Regional Council, Halifax Bay, and Rollingstone.^[3][4]

Nyawaygi
Nywaigi, Geugagi, Njawigi, Nyawigi, Nawagi
Native to	Australia
Region	Queensland
Ethnicity	Nyawaygi
Extinct	2009, with the death of Willie Seaton[1]
Language family	Pama–Nyungan Dyirbalic Nyawaygic Nyawaygi
Language codes
ISO 639-3	nyt
Glottolog	nyaw1247
AIATSIS[2]	Y129
ELP	Nyawaygi

Nyawaygi has the smallest number of consonants, 12, of any Australian language. It has 7 conjugations,^{[clarification needed]} 3 open and 4 closed, the latter including monosyllabic roots, and, in this regard, conserved a feature of proto-Pama–Nyungan lost from contiguous languages.^[5]

Phonology

Consonants

	Peripheral		Laminal	Apical
	Labial	Velar	Palatal	Alveolar	Retroflex
Plosive	b	ɡ	ɟ	(d)
Nasal	m	ŋ	ɲ	n
Rhotic				r
Lateral				l
Approximant	w		j		ɻ

• Unlike most Australian languages, [d] occurs as an allophone of /r/ when after a consonant. /r/ is heard as [r] in all other environments.
• Palatal sounds /ɟ, ɲ/ can occasionally be heard as dental sounds [d̪, n̪].
• /r/ can also occasionally be heard as a tap [ɾ].
• /ɻ/ can be heard as a flap [ɽ] in word-final positions.^[5]

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i iː		u uː
Open		a aː

Vocabulary

Some words from the Nyawaygi language, as spelt and written by Nyawaygi authors include:^[3]

• Alu 'head'
• Angal 'boomerang'
• Balgan 'stone'
• Buramu 'butterfly'
• Gabagan 'aunt'
• Touca tula 'good day'
• Wadi 'laugh'
• Yunggul 'one'