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Old Anatolian Turkish
1000s–1400s stage of the Turkish language From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Old Anatolian Turkish[a] or Old Turkish, also referred to as Old Anatolian Turkic,[2][3][4] (Turkish: Eski Anadolu Türkçesi, Perso-Arabic script: اسکی انادولو تورکچهسی[b]), was the form of the Turkish language spoken in Anatolia from the 11th to 15th centuries. It developed into Early Ottoman Turkish. It was written in the Perso-Arabic script. Unlike in later Ottoman Turkish, short-vowel diacritics were used.[5]
It had no official status until 1277, when Mehmet I of Karaman declared a firman in an attempt[6] to break the dominance of Persian:[7]
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History
It has been erroneously assumed that the Old Anatolian Turkish literary language was created in Anatolia and that its authors transformed a primitive language into a literary medium by submitting themselves to Persian influence.[by whom?] In reality, the Oghuz Turks who came to Anatolia brought their own written language, literary traditions and models from Khwarezm and Transoxiana.[9]
The Ajem Turkic language descended from Old Anatolian Turkish. Ajem Turkic started to form its shape in the Aq Qoyunlu, Qara Qoyunlu eras, and, especially, the Safavid era.[10]
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Following texts are excerpts of the Qabus-nama taken from Turan Fikret's Old Anatolian Turkish: Syntactic Structure (1996):[11]
- bizüm delilümüz: "Our proofs."
- devletlü gişiler: "Fortunate ones."
- zinhâr zinhâr: "Never."
- pîrlikde yigitlenmek rüsvâylıqdur: "It is a shame to act like a young man in old age."
- bulardan artanı beytügħl mâlda qoyalar: "They should put in public treasury that which remained from them."
- birgün bu ilçiyile oturur iken Qısri Büzürcmihre sorar: "One day when he was sitting with this [foreign] ambassador, Chosroes asked Büzürcmihr."
- Kelâm-ı mecîd: "The word of the most glorious (God), the Qoran."
- dar'ül-harb: "Countries outside of the domain of Islam."
- Tañrı aña raħmet itmez: "God does not forgive him."
- ağırlañ aťañuzı anañuzı egerçi kāfirse daqı: "Respect your parents even if they are unbelievers."
- Ne qul kim alam âzâd olsun: "Every slave that I would buy should be freed"
- ve câhil gişileri gişi sanma ve hünersüzleri bilür sayma: "And do not consider the ignorant ones the [real] men, and [do not consider] the untalented ones the knowledgeable ones."
- zinhâr işüñi ťanışmaqdan għarlanma: "Beware, and never be ashamed of learning your job."
- sen yalan söyleyesi gişi degülsin: "You are not someone who would lie."
- artuq zaħmet çeküp artuq ťama' eyleme: "Do not work hard to satisfy your greed."
- eger sen Tañrıya muťigħ olmayup bunlardan muťigħlıq isteyüp bunlara zaħmet virür iseñ Tañrılıq dagħvîsin itmiş olursın: "If you yourself do not obey God and ask these people for obedience [for you] and oppress them, then you are considered as someone pretending to be God."
- yagħnî bir şaxsuñ bir sarayda naṣībi olsa andan ol naŝîbi ŝatsa ne qadardur bâyigħyâ müşterî bilmese Ebû Ħanîfeden üç rivâyetdür: "In other words, if someone has a share in a palace and then if he sells it without either seller or buyer knowing the exact value of it, then there are three traditions according to Abû Ḥanîfe."
- benüm dostlarum beni ğâyet sevdüklerinden baŋa għaybum dimezler idi ve düşmânlarum benüm għaybumı xalqa söylerler idi: "Because my friends liked me very much they did not say my shortcomings to me, [but] my enemies told the people my shortcomings."
- ben eyittim sübħān Allāh qırq iki yaşında gişi neçün şöyle içekim nerdübâñ ayağın nice urasın bilmeye düşe ve dün buçuğında neçün şöyle yörüye kim şunuñ gibi vāqıgħaya uğraya: "I said ‘O God why would a person of forty-two years of age drink so much that he can not judge how to put his feet on the steps of a ladder, so he falls, and also why would he walk like that in the middle of the night when feeling this way."
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