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Operation Grapeshot order of battle
Order of battle for 1945 Allied offensive in Italy From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Spring 1945 offensive in Italy, codenamed Operation Grapeshot, was the final Allied attack during the Italian Campaign in the final stages of the Second World War.[1] The attack into the Lombard Plain by the Allied 15th Army Group started on 6 April 1945 and ended on 2 May with the surrender of Axis forces in Italy.
Allied Forces Headquarters Mediterranean
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Field Marshal Sir Harold Alexander
Mark Wayne Clark as a lieutenant general
Supreme Allied Commander, Mediterranean Theatre
Field Marshal Sir Harold Alexander
- Deputy: Lieutenant General Joseph T. McNarney
- Chief of Staff: Lieutenant-General William Morgan[2]
- Air Commander-in Chief Mediterranean Allied Air Forces: Lieutenant General John K. Cannon
Allied 15th Army Group
General Mark Wayne Clark
- Chief of Staff: Major General Alfred M. Gruenther
US Fifth Army
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Lieutenant General Lucian K. Truscott
- Army troops
85th Infantry "Custer" Division- Major General John B. Coulter
- Infantry: 337th, 338th, 339th Infantry Regiments
- Artillery–105mm: 328th, 329th, 910th Field Artillery Battalions
- Artillery–155mm: 403rd Field Artillery Battalion
92nd Infantry "Buffalo Soldiers" Division (Colored)[a]- Major General Edward M. Almond
- Infantry: 370th (Colored), 442nd (Nisei),[b][c] 473rd[d] Infantry Regiments
- Artillery–105mm: 597th, 598th, 599th, 600th Field Artillery Battalions (all Colored)
- Armor–Tank: 758th Light Tank Battalion, 760th Tank Battalion (less two companies)
- Armor–TD: 679th, 894th Tank Destroyer Battalion (less two companies)
Corps deployed west to east:
IV CorpsLieutenant General Willis D. Crittenberger
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II CorpsMajor General Geoffrey Keyes
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British Eighth Army
Lieutenant-General Sir Richard McCreery
- Army troops
- 7th Hussars (amphibious tanks)
- 12th Lancers (armoured cars)
- 16th Army Group Royal Engineers
- 20th Army Group Royal Engineers
- 22nd Army Group Royal Engineers
- 166th (Newfoundland) Field Artillery Regiment[3][4]
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Army Reserve
6th Armoured Division- Major-General Horatius Murray
- 25th Armoured Engineer Brigade (less detachments with assault divisions)
- 2nd Parachute Brigade
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Army Group C
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Gen. Heinrich von Vietinghoff
Marshal Rodolfo Graziani
Army Group C
Generaloberst Heinrich von Vietinghoff (to 29 April)
General der Infanterie Friedrich Schulz (from 29 April to 2 May)
Generaloberst Heinrich von Vietinghoff (from 2 May)
West: Army Group Liguria
Maresciallo Rodolfo Graziani
- Lombardia Corps
- Lieutenant-General Kurt Jahn
- 3rd Marine Infantry Division "San Marco" (Major-General Amilcare Farina)
- Battle Group Meinhold
- Fortress Brigade 135
- Elements of the 4th Alpine Division "Monterosa"
- LXXV Corps
- General der Gebirgstruppe Hans Schlemmer
- 2nd Grenadier Division "Littorio" (Major-General Tito Agosti)
- 4th Alpine Division "Monterosa" (bulk of) (Colonel Giorgio Milazzo)
- 5th Mountain Division (Generalmajor Hans Steets)
- 34th Infantry Division (Generalleutnant Theobald Lieb)
Center: Fourteenth Army
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Generalleutnant Joachim Lemelsen
- XIV Panzer Corps
- Generalleutnant Frido von Senger und Etterlin
- 8th Mountain Division (Major-General Paul Schricker)
- 65th Infantry Division (Major-General Hellmuth Pfeifer)
- 94th Infantry Division (Major-General Bernhard Steinmetz)
- LI Mountain Corps
- Generalleutnant Valentin Feurstein until March 1945 and then Lieutenant-General Friedrich-Wilhelm Hauck
- 1st Bersaglieri Division "Italia" (Major-General Mario Carloni)
- 114th Jäger Division (Brigadier-General Hans-Joachim Ehlert to 15 April 1945 then Brigadier-General Martin Strahammer)
- 148th Reserve Division (Major-General Otto Fretter-Pico)
- 232nd Infantry Division (Major-General Eccard Freiherr von Gablenz)
- 334th Infantry Division (Major-General Hellmuth Böhlke)
East: Tenth Army
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Generalleutnant Traugott Herr
- LXXVI Panzer Corps
- Lieutenant-General Gerhard Graf von Schwerin (to 25 April 1945)
- Major-General Karl von Graffen (from 25 April 1945)
- 42nd Jäger Division (Major-General Walter Jost)
- 98th Infantry Division (Major-General Alfred-Hermann Reinhardt to 11 April 1945 then Brigadier-General Otto Schiel)
- 162nd Turkoman Division (Major-General Ralph von Heygendorff)
- 362nd Infantry Division (Brigadier-General Alois Weber)
- I Parachute Corps
- Lieutenant-General Richard Heidrich
- 1st Parachute Division (Brigadier-General Karl-Lothar Schulz)
- 4th Parachute Division (Major-General Heinrich Trettner)
- 26th Panzer Division (Brigadier-General Alfred Kuhnert to 19 April 1945 then Major-General Viktor Linnarz)
- 278th Infantry Division (Major-General Harry Hoppe)
- Italian "Forlì" Assault Battalion (Captain Pier Vittorio Riccardi)
- 305th Infantry Division (Major-General Friedrich von Schellwitz)
- LXXIII Corps
- Lieutenant-General Anton Dostler[g]
- Minor units watching the coast between the Po and Venice
- LXXXXVII Corps (transferred to Army Group E in Yugoslavia on 10 April)
- General of the Mountain Troops Ludwig Kübler[h]
- 188th Mountain Division (Major-General Hans von Hößlin)
- 237th Infantry Division (Major-General Hans von Grävenitz until late April then Colonel Karl Falkner)
- Army Reserve
- 29th Panzergrenadier Division (Major-General Fritz Polack)
- 155th Infantry Division (Brigadier-General Georg Zwade)
Army Group Reserve
- 90th Panzergrenadier Division (Brigadier-General Heinrich Baron von Behr)
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