Percrocuta

Percrocuta is an extinct genus of percrocutid hyena. It lived in Eurasia and Africa, during the Miocene epoch.

Percrocuta Temporal range: Middle Miocene–Late Miocene PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Jaws and teeth of P. tobieni
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Carnivora
Suborder:	Feliformia
Family:	Hyaenidae
Subfamily:	†Percrocutinae
Genus:	†Percrocuta Kretzoi, 1938
Type species
Percrocuta carnifex[1] Pilgrim, 1913
Species
†Percrocuta abessalomi Gabunia, 1958 †Percrocuta carnifex Pilgrim, 1913 †Percrocuta grandis Kurtén, 1957[2] †Percrocuta leakeyi Howell & Petter, 1985 †Percrocuta miocenica Pavolović & Thenius, 1965 †Percrocuta tobieni[3] Crusafont & Aguirre, 1971 †Percrocuta xixiaensis Xiong, 2022[4] †Percrocuta tungurensis (Colbert, 1939)[4]
Synonyms
Capsatherium Kurtén, 1978

Description

With a maximum length of 1.50 m (5 ft), Percrocuta was much bigger than its modern relatives. Like the spotted hyena, it had a robust skull and powerful jaws. Similar to modern hyaenids, its hind legs were shorter than the front legs, resulting in a characteristic sloping back.^[5] However, not all species were larger than modern hyenas. P. xixiaensis is described to being close to size of the striped hyena. The zygomatic arch of this species was slender a hyena its size suggesting the cranium isn’t as strongly built was other bone crushing hyenas such as Dinocrocuta, Pachycrocuta, striped hyena, Adcrocuta, and Crocuta.^[4]

P. miocenia was estimated to have weighed between 30–100 kg (66–220 lb).^[6]

Classification

Percrocuta was introduced as a genus of Hyaenidae in 1938.^[1] Percrocuta's relation to the family was debated until 1985, when Percrocuta, Dinocrocuta, Belbus, and Allohyaena were accepted as the four genera of Percrocutidae.^[7] More recent evidence, however, has shown that Belbus and Allohyaena at least, are not percrocutids.^[8]

Fossil evidence

P. abessalomi is known only from a skull, two mandibles, and two teeth. These fossils were all collected from the Belomechetskaja, Russia area and date from the sixth Mammal Neogene (MN) zone. This species is the best known of the family Percrocutidae.^{[citation needed]} P. miocenica is known from only a few mandibles, found in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Turkey.^[9][10] These fossils are also dated to MN 6.^[7]