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Phosphorus pentabromide

Chemical compound From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Phosphorus pentabromide
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Phosphorus pentabromide is a reactive, yellow solid of formula PBr5, which has the structure [PBr4]+Br (tetrabromophosphonium bromide) in the solid state but in the vapor phase is completely dissociated to PBr3 and Br2. Rapid cooling of this phase to 15 K leads to formation of the ionic species phosphorus heptabromide (tetrabromophosphonium tribromide [PBr4]+[Br3]).[2]

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It can be used in organic chemistry to convert carboxylic acids to acyl bromides. It is highly corrosive. It strongly irritates skin and eyes.[1] It decomposes above 100 °C to give phosphorus tribromide and bromine:[3]

PBr5PBr3 + Br2

Reversing this equilibrium to generate PBr5 by addition of Br2 to PBr3 is difficult in practice because the product is susceptible to further addition to yield phosphorus heptabromide [PBr4]+[Br3].[4]

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