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Premiership of Mark Carney
Period of the Government of Canada from 2025 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The premiership of Mark Carney began on 14 March 2025, when the first Cabinet headed by Mark Carney was sworn in by Governor General Mary Simon. Carney was invited to form the 30th Canadian Ministry and become the 24th Prime Minister of Canada after he succeeded Prime Minister Justin Trudeau as leader of the Liberal Party in the 2025 leadership election. Shortly after taking office, Carney advised the governor general to dissolve Parliament and trigger the 2025 federal election, where he led his Liberals to win a plurality of seats in the House of Commons of Canada, forming a minority government.[1][2]
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Upon taking the oath of office, Carney became the first Canadian prime minister born in any of its territories (as opposed to provinces) and the third born west of Ontario (after Joe Clark and Kim Campbell). He is the second prime minister to have earned a PhD, after William Lyon Mackenzie King. Additionally, he is the first to have never served in prior elected office, and the first since John Turner not to be sitting in the House of Commons at time of appointment. In his first act as prime minister, Carney signed a prime ministerial directive to end the consumer carbon tax by 1 April, while ensuring that April's carbon rebate continues. The directive was affirmed by an order in council signed by Governor General Mary Simon. Carney's first foreign visits were to France and the United Kingdom on 17 March to strengthen mutual security and sovereignty. The 2025 Speech from the Throne was delivered by King Charles III as part of his 2025 royal tour of Canada, outlining the government's first priorities following the election.[3]
Carney's appointment occurred against the backdrop of Donald Trump's victory in the 2024 United States presidential election and his threats to impose sweeping tariffs on Canada and even annex it. This period coincided with a dramatic turnaround in the Liberal Party's fortunes: the party had been more than 20 points behind in the polls when Trudeau announced his resignation, but soon after Carney was sworn in as prime minister, the polling gap had been eliminated altogether and the Liberals were in the lead, putting them in striking distance of a majority government. The scale of their political turnaround was described by analysts as having "little precedent" in Canadian history.
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Background
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2025 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election
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On 6 January 2025, Trudeau announced his resignation as Prime Minister and leader of the Liberal Party.[4] On 16 January 2025, Carney formally announced his intent to run in the leadership election and become Liberal Party leader.[5][6] On 9 March 2025, he won the leadership election with 85.9% of the overall vote, becoming the next leader of the party and Prime Minister, succeeding Trudeau.[7][8] Trudeau stayed on as Prime Minister until his formal resignation in the early morning of 14 March 2025 prior to Carney's swearing in later that morning.[9][10]
At the time of his appointment, Carney did not hold a seat in the House of Commons, similar to the previous premierships of Charles Tupper, Arthur Meighen, and John Turner; all three individuals lacked seats in the House of Commons at the time of their initial appointment as Prime Minister.[11][12][13] Carney would later win the seat of in Nepean in the 2025 federal election.[14][15] Upon taking the oath of office, he became the first Canadian prime minister born in any of the territories and the third born west of Ontario (after Joe Clark and Kim Campbell). He is the second prime minister to have earned a PhD, after William Lyon Mackenzie King. Additionally, he is the first to have never served in prior elected office, and the first since John Turner not to be sitting in the House of Commons at time of appointment.
2025 federal election
Carney was widely expected to call a federal parliamentary election for late April or early May 2025, ahead of the required election date in October. On 22 March, the Liberal Party announced that Carney would contest the riding of Nepean, located within Ottawa, in the election;[16] ridings in Alberta had been floated given his personal connection to the province, particularly Edmonton, as were safe Liberal seats in Toronto and Ottawa.[17] On 23 March, Carney visited Governor General Mary Simon and asked to dissolve parliament and call an election for 28 April.[18] Carney and the Liberal Party subsequently won the election, defeating Pierre Poilievre and the Conservative Party and forming their fourth consecutive government.[19][1][2] The Liberal Party won 169 seats, falling 3 seats short of a majority government, thereby forming a minority government.[20]
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Cabinet
Following the 14 March 2025 Rideau Hall swearing in ceremony by Governor General Mary Simon, Mark Carney, was invited to form his Cabinet and to become the 24th Prime Minister of Canada.
Domestic policy
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Taxation
Shortly after being sworn in as Prime Minister, Carney's government approved an order in council to immediately reduce the consumer price of carbon to $0 starting on 1 April 2025, thereby effectively terminating the consumer portion of Canada's carbon pricing policy. The final carbon rebate payment was nonetheless issued as scheduled. Carney stated the policy had become too "divisive" among the Canadian public, resulting in the necessity for it to be removed. The scheme was originally implemented in 2018 through the Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act, which was passed during Trudeau's first term. The industrial levy on carbon was unaffected.[21][22]
After the recall of Parliament following the election, Carney introduced legislation to lower the bottom marginal income tax rate from 15% to 14%. The Liberals estimated that this would save two-income household $840 annually.[23] Another tax change proposed by the bill was the temporary elimination of the Goods and Services Tax for first time home buyers.[24] Both changes were part of the Liberal platform in the preceding election. The House of Commons approved a ways and means motion allowing the tax changes to effect before the enactment of the bill, and the income tax cut took effect on the following Canada Day, consistent with Carney's pre-election pledge.[23]
Immigration
In 2025, Carney campaigned to address "unsustainable" immigration to Canada,[25] which had risen to approximately 500,000 a year during Justin Trudeau's premiership.[26][27] As per the Immigration Levels Plan 2025-2027, Canada's overall planned permanent resident admission targets are 395,000 in 2025, 380,000 in 2026 and 365,000 in 2027.[28] The government set levels for temporary residents in the 2025-27 Levels Plan at 673,650 in 2025, 516,600 in 2026 and 543,600 in 2027.[25]
Petroleum industry
Carney voiced support for a new oil pipeline to the West Coast and a proposed C$16.5 billion ($12 billion) carbon capture system for the Alberta oil sands.[29][30]
Environmentalism
In 2025, Carney supported Trudeau government's EV mandate,[31] requiring hybrids and electric vehicles to make up 20% of sales by 2026 and 100% by 2035.[32]
Trade
In July 2025, Carney announced that Canada would impose higher tariffs on steel from China.[33]
Labour
Carney's government was criticized by labour groups for abolishing the office of the Minister of Labour.[34]
A few hours after the 2025 Air Canada flight attendants strike began, jobs minister Patty Hajdu announced that she had exercised her right under Section 107 of the Canada Labour Code to direct the Canada Industrial Relations Board (CIRB) to force arbitration and end the strike.[35][36] She further explained that it would take 24 to 48 hours for the board to issue a back-to-work order, and that Air Canada had indicated it would need five to ten days to resume normal operations.[36] Striking flight attendants on the picket lines were furious at Hajdu upon learning the news.[36] CUPE's president of the Air Canada division, Wesley Lesosky, said in a statement: "The Liberals are violating our charter rights to take job action and giving Air Canada exactly what they want — hours and hours of unpaid labour from underpaid flight attendants".[36] CIRB ordered the flight attendants to return to work at 14:00 EDT on August 17, and Air Canada announced that they would start resuming flights in response.[37] However, the union called the return-to-work order unconstitutional and vowed to continue the strike, which resulted in a further cancellation of the planned flights.[38][39]
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Foreign policy
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Carney's appointment occurred against the backdrop of Donald Trump's victory in the 2024 United States presidential election and his threats to impose sweeping tariffs on Canada. Disagreements over how to handle this threat were seen as being a contributor to the Trudeau ministry's collapse.[40][41] However, the Trump administration's conduct would soon spark a political revival for the Liberals, with the ensuing trade war, along with the President's threats to annex Canada, greatly reducing the Liberals' polling gap with the Conservatives.[42] By the time Carney was sworn in as prime minister, the polling gap had been eliminated altogether and the Liberals were in the lead, putting them in striking distance of a majority government. The scale of their political turnaround was described by analysts as having "little precedent" in Canadian history.[43]
Carney's first foreign visits were to France and the United Kingdom on 17 March to strengthen mutual security and sovereignty, meeting Emmanuel Macron and Keir Starmer.[44] Carney pledged to step up Canada's place on the world stage, beginning with meeting the 2% NATO defense spending target in Fiscal Year 2026, and moving to replace the role of the US in lieu of the Trump administration.[45]
In June 2025, Carney compared the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip and occupation of the West Bank to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[46] Following the Israeli strikes on Iran in June 2025, Carney reaffirmed "Israel's right to defend itself" and called for restraint.[47]
In July 2025, Carney announced that at the next meeting of the UN General Assembly, Canada would officially recognize the State of Palestine.[48]
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See also
References
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