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Punchbowl Formation
Miocene sedimentary formation in the San Gabriel Mountains of Los Angeles County, California From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Punchbowl Formation is a sedimentary sandstone geologic formation in the northern San Gabriel Mountains, above the Antelope Valley in Los Angeles County, southern California.[2][3]
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Geology
The sandstone beds of the formation are exposed in the walls of the Devil's Punchbowl, a scenic gorge within the Devil's Punchbowl Natural Area, an L.A. County park within the Angeles National Forest. Three separate faults have folded and uplifted the formation in view.[2] The Devil's Punchbowl is a large plunging sandstone syncline, where the edges of the formation have been folded upward, and the center has dipped. It was formed by the Punchbowl Fault, which is near the San Andreas Fault to the north.
The Punchbowl Formation crops out in the Punchbowl Block and comprises approximately 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) of fluvial and alluvial conglomerates, sandstones, and minor mudstones, which accumulated during the middle-late Miocene. A distinct basal member is middle Miocene in age. The underlying Paradise Springs and Vasquez Formations were formerly interpreted as either part of the basal Punchbowl Formation, or deposits in a fault-bounded sliver along the Punchbowl Fault that originated in a separate basin.[4]
The Devil's Punchbowl drainage flows into Sandrock Creek, a tributary of Big Rock Creek, which disappears into the Mojave Desert.[2]
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Fossil content
The uplifted formation preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period of the Cenozoic geologic era,[3] formed during the lower Pliocene to upper Miocene Ages (~5-10 million years ago).[2][5]
Mammals
Artiodactyls
- Aepycamelus alexandrae[6]
- Bouromeryx americanus[7]
- Brachycrus cf. buwaldi[8]
- Dyseohyus fricki[6]
- Pseudoparablastomeryx cf. scotti[8]
- Brachycrus sp.[6]
- Plioceros sp.[8]
- Antilocapridae indet.[9]
- Blastomerycinae indet.[8]
- Camelidae indet.[8]
- ?Merycoidodontidae indet.[8]
- Tayassuidae indet.[8]
Perissodactyls
Carnivora
- Borophagus cf. secundus[8]
- Leptarctus ancipidens[9]
- Plionictis sp.[8]
Rodents
- Petauristodon sp.[8]
- Sciuridae indet.[9]
Reptiles
Turtles
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Gallery
- Formation at Devil's Punchbowl
- Formation in the Angeles National Forest
- Formation at Sturtevant Falls
See also
References
External links
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