Lun Bawang language

Lun Bawang or Lundayeh is the language spoken by the Lun Bawangs in northern Borneo. It belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian family.

Lun Bawang
Lundayeh, Southern Murut
Buri' Tau, Buri' Lun Bawang
Collection of words in English and translation in Ida'an, Bisaya and Adang Murut (Lun Bawang) in 1860 by Spenser St. John
Native to	Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia
Region	Sarawak, Sabah, Temburong, North Kalimantan
Native speakers	(48,000 (2007 in Indonesia; no date Malaysia) plus 6,000 Putoh cited 1981)[1]
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian North Bornean North Sarawakan Apo Duat Lun Bawang
Dialects	Lun Dayeh
Language codes
ISO 639-3	lnd – inclusive code Individual code: put – Putoh
Glottolog	lund1271
Geographical distribution of Lun Bawang/Lundayeh speakers
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Putoh is an alternate name in North Kalimantan.^[2]

History

Lun Bawang is mainly an oral language. There is very little printed written material in this language that was not written by missionaries or linguists. The first published material written fully in Lun Bawang is a translation of the Bible from 1982, which is called Bala Luk Do.^[3] A Lun Bawang–English dictionary was constructed in 1969 by the University of Washington.^[4] A dialect of the Lun Bawang language, Kemaloh Lundayeh, was compiled in 2006 into a bilingual dictionary of Lundayeh and English.^[5]

Phonology

There are 6 vowels, 19 consonants and 5 diphthongs in the Lun Bawang language.^[6]

Lun Bawang consonant phonemes

	Bilabial			Dental			Alveolar			Post- Alveolar			Palatal		Velar			Glottal
Nasal	m /m/						n /n/								ng /ŋ/
Plosive	p /p/	b /b/	bp /b͡p/	t /t̪/			d /d/								k /k/	g /ɡ/	gk /ɡ͡k/	/ʔ/
Affricate										c /d͡tʃ/[7]
Fricative							s /s/											h /h/
Approximant							l /l/			r /r/			y /j/		w /w/

According to Blust (2006), Lun Dayeh has a series of mixed-voiced stops, [b͡p, d͡tʃ, ɡ͡k], similar to those of Kelabit, but does not have a simple [tʃ].

Lun Bawang vowel phonemes

Height	Front	Central	Back
Close	i /i/		u /u/
Mid	e /e, ɛ/	e /ə/	o /o, ɔ/
Open		a /a/

Lun Bawang diphthongs

Orthography	IPA
ai	/ai̯/
au	/au̯/
ia	/i̯a/
ou	/ou̯/
ui, oi	/ɔʏ̯/

Example

Lord's Prayer (Our Father)

O Taman kai luk bang surga, dó ngadan-Mu uen ngerayeh. Idi imet-Mu uen ngaching, idi luk pian-Mu mangun bang taná kudeng bang surga. Maré nekai acho sini akan luk petap. Idi maré dó ratnan amung-amung baleh kai mepad kudeng kai pangeh nemaré ddó ratnan amung-amung baleh dulun. Idi aleg nguit nekai amé bang luk nutun, iamdó muit nekai ratnan luk dat. Amen. Ngacheku Iko luk kuan imet idi lalud idi rayeh maching ruked-ruked peh. Amen.^[8]

Translation:

Our Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our sins, as we forgive those who sin against us. Do not lead us into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen. For the kingdom, the power, and the glory, are Yours now and forever. Amen. (Matthew 6:9–13)