RAPIEnet

RAPIEnet (Real-time Automation Protocols for Industrial Ethernet) was Korea's first Ethernet international standard for real-time data transmission. It is an Ethernet-based industrial networking protocol,^[1] developed in-house by LSIS offers real-time transmission and is registered as an international standard.^[2] (IEC 61158-3-21: 2010, IEC 61158-4-21: 2010, IEC 61158-5-21: 2010, IEC 61158-6-21: 2010, IEC 61784-2: 2010, IEC 62439-7)

RAPIEnet
Protocol Information
Type of Network	Open Real-time Ethernet
Physical Layer	IEEE 802.3, Ethertype 0x88fe
Network Topology	Ring or Line topology
Device Addressing	DIP switch or hardware/software
Network Configuration	Automatically done by protocol

Features

• An embedded Ethernet switch with two ports enables the network expansion in a daisy chain without the need for an additional external switch, easy installation and wiring reduction.^[1]
• 100 Mbit/s - 1 Gbit/s transmission speed, allowing electrical and optical media to be used together.^[1][3]
• Supports transmission modes such as Unicast, Multicast, and Broadcast.^[1]
• Supports "Store & Forward”and “Cut Through” switching.^[1]

RAPIEnet Technology

Protocol Stack Structure

Figure 1. RAPIEnet Protocol Stack Structure

Embedded dual port switch motion

Figure 2. RAPIEnet Embedded dual port switch motion

• An embedded hardware-based switch is adopted for real-time data transmission.
• With the full-duplex communication support, each node has dual link routes in a ring topology.

Frame Format

Figure 3. ISO/IEC 8802.3 RAPIEnet based RAPIEnet frame format

• RAPIEnet Ether type: 0x88FE^[4]

Topology

Figure 4. RAPIEnet chain topology

Figure 5. RAPIEnet ring topology

Recovery System

• With an embedded switch and full-duplex, it has dual link routes and communication fault tolerance, enabling fast recovery capabilities.

- Recovery time < 10 ms^[1]

Figure 6. RAPIEnet recovery system in a ring topology

1. Transmits signal from Device 1 to Device 3.
2. A fault occurs between Device 2 and Device 3.
3. Notify the fault from Device 2 to Device 1.
4. Transmits signal back from Device 1 to Device 3.

Flexible Hybrid Structure

Figure 7. RAPIEnet Flexible Hybrid Structure

• Fiber Optics/Copper Media

- Copper: Low installation costs with relatively big noise.

- Optics: High installation costs with low noise and relatively long wiring.

• Simple and efficient wiring is available by combining the features of two wires that have advantages and disadvantages.

System Diagram Using RAPIEnet

Figure 8. System diagram using RAPIEnet

Acquired Standards

International Standards

• IEC 61158-3-21: 2010, Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications - Part 3-21: Data-link layer service definition - Type 21 elements.^[5]
• IEC 61158-4-21: 2010, Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications - Part 4-21: Data-link layer protocol specification - Type 21 elements.^[1]
• IEC 61158-5-21: 2010, Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications - Part 5-21: Application layer service definition - Type 21 elements.^[6]
• IEC 61158-6-21: 2010, Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications - Part 6-21: Application layer protocol specification - Type 21 elements.^[7]
• IEC 61784-2: 2010, Industrial communication networks - Profiles - Part 2: Additional fieldbus profiles for real-time networks based on ISO/IEC 8802-3.^[8]
• IEC 62439-7, Industrial communication networks - High availability automation networks - Part 7: Ring-based Redundancy Protocol (RRP) ^[9]

Others

Other international standards in process

• IEC 61784-5-17, Industrial communication networks - Profiles - Part 5-17: Installation of fieldbuses - Installation profiles for CPF 17 (to be registered as an IEC international standard in 2012)^[10]