Rawalakot

For the village in Nepal, see Rawalkot.

Rawalakot (Urdu: راولا کوٹ ) is the capital of Poonch district in Pakistan–administered Azad Kashmir, in the disputed Kashmir region. It is located in the Pir Panjal Range.^[4]

Rawalakot راولا کوٹ
Town
A view of Rawalakot
Rawalakot Location of Rawalakot Show map of Azad Kashmir Rawalakot Rawalakot (Kashmir) Show map of Kashmir Rawalakot Rawalakot (Pakistan) Show map of Pakistan
Coordinates: 33°51′12″N 73°45′05″E
Administering country	Pakistan
Administrative Territory	Azad Kashmir
District	Poonch District
Elevation	1,638 m (5,374 ft)
Population  (2017)[1]
• Total	56,006
• Estimate  (2018)	56,590
• Density	375/km2 (970/sq mi)
Languages
• Official	Urdu[2][3][note 1]
• Spoken	Pahari (Poonchi)
Time zone	UTC+5 (PST)
05824	0092
Number of towns	3
Number of Union councils	21

History

1947 Poonch rebellion

Main article: 1947 Poonch rebellion

On 15 June 1947, Sardar Ibrahim Khan addressed a meeting in Rawalakot attended by 20,000 people, and gave a speech telling his audience that Pakistan, a Muslim state, was coming into being and the people of Jammu and Kashmir could not remain unaffected. After that day, he says, "a strange atmosphere took the place of the usually peaceful life in these parts".^[5] On 22 June, Chaudhary Hamidullah, the acting president of the Muslim Conference, visited Rawalakot and initiated secret plans to organise the ex-servicemen of the district for an eventual confrontation with the Dogra State Forces.^[6] On or around 6 October, the armed rebellion started in the Poonch district.^[7][8] The fighting elements consisted of "bands of deserters from the State Army, serving soldiers of the Pakistan Army on leave, ex-servicemen, and other volunteers who had risen spontaneously."^[9] The rebels quickly gained control of almost the entire Poonch district, including Rawalakot.

1955 Poonch uprising

Main article: 1955 Poonch uprising

Along with Pallandri, Rawalakot was the focal point of the 1955 Poonch uprising. It was led by the local Sudhans who disapproved of Sher Ahmed Khan and wanted Sardar Ibrahim Khan, as well as democratic reforms.^[10]

2005 Kashmir earthquake

Main article: 2005 Kashmir earthquake

On Saturday, 8 October 2005^[11] a 7.6 magnitude earthquake killed 73,338 people and left up to three million homeless in Pakistan, including Azad Kashmir. The city of Rawalakot suffered significant damage from the 2005 earthquake; although most of the buildings were left standing, many of them were rendered uninhabitable, and some of the population was left homeless. Most of the buildings have been reconstructed.

An injured civilian being carried to a U.S Army helicopter for medical evacuation in Rawalakot

2005 earthquake damage at a home in Rawalakot

U.S Army aircraft delivering emergency aid at Rawalakot Airport after the earthquake

Towns

• Khai Gala, Rawalakot
• Banjosa Lake, Rawalakot
• Jandali, Rawalakot
• Dhamni, Rawalakot
• Hurnamaira, Rawalakot
• Ali Sojal, Rawalakot
• Barmang, Rawalakot
• Chak, Rawalakot
• Shaheed Gala, Rawalakot
• Pachiot, Rawalakot
• Shaheed Gala, Rawalakot

Location

Rawalakot is located at Latitude 33°51'32.18"N, Longitude 73° 45'34.93"E and an elevation of 5374 feet. Rawalakot is approximately 76 kilometres (47 mi) from Kahuta and about 120 km (75 mi) from the city of Rawalpindi, Pakistan. It is linked with Rawalpindi and Islamabad via Goyain Nala and Tain roads. Via Kotli Satiyan and Kahuta. It is also linked with Rawalpindi via Sudhnuti.^[12]

Transport

Travel routes

Construction of the Ghazi-e-Millat road (also known as Guoien Nala road) between Rawalakot and Azad Pattan has considerably reduced travel time, it is main road which is connecting Islamabad/Rawalpindi to Rawalakot city.

Road links

The road passing through Pakgali-Paniola connects Rawalakot to Bagh, Rawalpindi and Muzaffarabad. The alternative road that passes through Mohri Farman Shah, Shuja Abad is the shortest possible road link that connects Rawalakot city with Bagh. Murree, Islamabad and Rawalpindi are situated in a southward direction from Rawalakot. The town has another road link with Kotli.^[13]

Airport

Rawalakot Airport is non-operational and it has been closed since October 2005.^[14]

Climate

Rawalakot features a subtropical highland climate under the Köppen climate classification due to high altitude. The weather of Rawalakot is quite erratic. However, the climate of Rawalakot can be divided into four seasons, namely spring, summer, autumn and winter. Rawalakot has mild to warm temperatures during the spring and autumn, humid temperatures during the summer and cold to snowy during the winter. The temperature can rise as high as 38 °C (100 °F) during the mid-summer months and drop below −1 °C (30 °F) during the winter months. Snowfall occurs in December and January, while most rainfall occurs during the monsoon season stretching from July to September.^[15]

Climate data for Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	25.6 (78.1)	32.9 (91.2)	34.4 (93.9)	41.0 (105.8)	45.0 (113.0)	46.6 (115.9)	43.2 (109.8)	40.0 (104.0)	39.4 (102.9)	39.9 (103.8)	33.3 (91.9)	28.9 (84.0)	46.6 (115.9)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	17.3 (63.1)	19.8 (67.6)	24.7 (76.5)	30.6 (87.1)	36.3 (97.3)	38.1 (100.6)	34.8 (94.6)	33.5 (92.3)	33.2 (91.8)	30.4 (86.7)	25.2 (77.4)	19.7 (67.5)	28.6 (83.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	3.8 (38.8)	6.7 (44.1)	11.1 (52.0)	15.9 (60.6)	21.0 (69.8)	23.8 (74.8)	24.3 (75.7)	23.6 (74.5)	21.1 (70.0)	14.8 (58.6)	8.8 (47.8)	5.0 (41.0)	15.0 (59.0)
Record low °C (°F)	−2.6 (27.3)	0.0 (32.0)	2.8 (37.0)	3.3 (37.9)	10.0 (50.0)	13.0 (55.4)	12.0 (53.6)	12.7 (54.9)	13.0 (55.4)	1.9 (35.4)	0.0 (32.0)	−3.3 (26.1)	−3.3 (26.1)
Average rainfall mm (inches)	24.9 (0.98)	30.8 (1.21)	31.2 (1.23)	20.1 (0.79)	14.4 (0.57)	44.1 (1.74)	112.8 (4.44)	136.3 (5.37)	43.8 (1.72)	15.7 (0.62)	14.5 (0.57)	19.1 (0.75)	507.7 (19.99)
Source: [16]

Demography

Rawalakot has an urban population of 56,006 people according to the 2017 census which rose to 56,590 in 2018.^[1] Majority of Rawalakot’s population is ethnically Sudhan.

Notes

1. Snedden (2013, p. 176): On p. 29, the census report states that Urdu is the official language of the government of Azad Kashmir, with Kashmiri, Pahari, Gojri, Punjabi, Kohistani, Pushto, and Sheena 'frequently spoken in Azad Kashmir'. Yet, when surveyed about their 'mother tongue', Azad Kashmiris' choices were limited to selecting from Pakistan's major languages: Urdu, Punjabi, Sindhi, Pushto, Balochi, Saraiki, and 'others'; not surprisingly, 2.18 million of Azad Kashmir's 2.97 million people chose 'others'.