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Raymond Leslie Buell
American social scientist (1896–1946) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Raymond Leslie Buell (July 13, 1896 – 1946) was an American social scientist.[1][2] He was an assistant professor at Harvard University until 1927 when he became research director at the Foreign Policy Association.[3][4] He later became president of the Foreign Policy Association.[5][6]
Buell was a prominent critic of isolationism in the United States in the lead-up to World War II.[7] A critic of economic nationalism, Buell argued for free trade treaties.[7] A critic of imperialism and racial supremacy, Buell argued for retaining native tribal institutions in Africa.[8][9] He influenced the work of Ralph Bunche.[3][10]
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Early life and education
Buell was born in Chicago, Illinois on July 13, 1896.[11] His father was a minister at the Presbyterian Church.[2] He graduated with an A.B. from Occidental College.[11][2] He served in the American Expeditionary Force during World War I.[1][7]
He wrote his 1920 book Contemporary French Politics while a student at the University of Grenoble.[2][11] He earned a masters in 1920 and a PhD in 1922 from Princeton University.[11][2] From 1920 to 1921, he was Assistant professor of history and economics at Occidental College.[11]
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Career
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After receiving his PhD in 1922, he began working as an instructor and researcher at Harvard University.[11] He became assistant professor at Harvard University in 1926 but gave up his position in 1927 after becoming research director at the Foreign Policy Association.[11]
He authored the influential 1925 textbook International Relations.[12][13][14][15] In the book, he flags nationalism as a powerful driver of international conflict, as it prompts conflict within empires and stokes tensions between states about borders.[16] He argues that imperialism, which he described as "evil", provokes conflict between imperial powers and between empires and the groups that the empires tries to conquer and subjugate.[9] He challenged notions that pure races existed and that one race was superior to other races, as well as argued that modern nations were composed of multiple races.[17] He criticized economic nationalism and argued for free trade treaties.[18] He opposed the U.S. policy of excluding Asians from immigration and citizenship.[19]
He authored The Native Question in Africa, which was a comparative study of colonial rule.[20][21][22] Buell argues in the book for retaining native tribal institutions in Africa.[8] He opposed U.S. isolationism in the years leading up to World War II.[23][1] He authored the book Isolated America in 1940.[1]
Buell ran for Congress in 1942, losing to Allen T. Treadway in an election for Massachusetts's first congressional district.[1][24]
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Works (partial list)
- Contemporary French Politics (1920)
- "Political and Social Reconstruction in France" American Political Science Review, Feb. 1921
- The Washington Conference (1922)
- Buell, Raymond Leslie (1923). "Some Legal Aspects of the Japanese Question". American Journal of International Law. 17 (1): 29–49.
- "Again the Yellow Peril" Foreign Affairs, Dec. 15, 1923
- International Relations (1925)
- Europe: A History of Ten Years (1928)
- The Native Problem in Africa (1928)[25][26][27][28][29][30]
- New Governments in Europe. 1934.[31]
- Democratic Governments in Europe. 1935.[32][33]
- Liberia: A Century of Survival, 1847-1947 (1947). University of Pennsylvania Press.[34]
Personal life
He married Frances March Dwight in 1928.[11] They had a son and daughter.[7] He died in Montreal, Canada on February 20, 1946.[11][7]
External links
References
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