Retirement in Europe

Retirement age differs in European countries and is a matter of debate across Europe because of an aging population.

Retirement age by country

Main article: Retirement age

Retirement age in Europe

Country	Men	Women	Year	Notes	References
Albania	65	61	2020		[1]
Austria	65	60	2018	In Austria the retirement age for women is to be equalized to the retirement age for men (65) by 2033.[2]	[1][3]
Belarus	62.5	57.5	2021	By 2022, the age will be 63 for men and 58 for women.[4]	[5]
Belgium	66	66	2025	In Belgium the retirement age is to be increased gradually to 67 years by 2030.[2]	[5][6]
Bosnia and Herzegovina	65	65	2024		[1]
Bulgaria	64 (and 7 months)	62 (and 2 months)	2024	In Bulgaria the retirement age for women is to be equalized to the retirement age for men (65) by 2037.	[2]
Croatia	65	63 (and 6 months)	2024	In Croatia the retirement age for women is to be equalized to the retirement age for men (65) by 2030.	[2]
Cyprus	65	65	2018		[1][3]
Czech Republic	63 (and 4 months)	58 (and 8 months) – 62 (and 8 months)	2018	In the Czech Republic, in the year 2015, men had the retirement age of 62 years and 10 months and women had it between 58 and 62, depending on number of children.[7][8] In Czech Republic, the retirement age is in the process of being increased, and therefore depends on year of birth (for individuals born after 1977 it may exceed even 67. e.g. a person born in year 1995 must be at least 70 years old.[9]) For women the retirement age depends on the number of raised children as well.[10] For people born in 1975, the retirement age will be the same (66y8m) regardless of sex and number of children raised; and this age will reach 67 for people born in 1977.	[8]
Denmark	67	67	2022	In Denmark, the retirement age will be increased gradually to reach 67 years by 2022. From 2030 onwards, it will be increased a maximum of one year every five years depending on increases in average lifespan.[11][12] See also: Pensions in Denmark.	[3][5]
Estonia	63 (and 9 months)	63 (and 9 months)	2019	In Estonia the retirement age is to be increased gradually to 65 years by 2026.[13] After 2026 it will be linked to the average life expectancy.	[3][5]
Finland	65	65	2008		[3]
France	62 to 67	62 to 67	2022	Depends on the duration of contribution (minimum 43 years)
Germany	65 (and 7 months)	65 (and 7 months)	2015	In Germany the retirement age is to be increased gradually and reach 67 years by 2029. See also: Pensions in Germany.	[3][5]
Greece	67	67	2015		[2]
Hungary	65	65	2022	Women with 40 years of insurance can retire at any age.[2]	[2]
Iceland	67	67	2018		[5]
Ireland	66	66	2024	In Ireland there is no general mandatory retirement age although some jobs, such as jobs in law enforcement or firefighting, may be subject to a statutory retirement age. Employers may define their own retirement age but the state pension is not available to those younger than 66. The longer an individual postpones withdrawing the pension, the greater the weekly state pension payment, up to age 70. [14]
Italy	67	67	2019	Must have paid contributions for at least 20 years. Those who have paid contributions for at least 38 years can retire at 64.[15] Those who have paid contributions for at least 41 years and 10 months (women) or 42 years and 10 months (men) can retire regardless of age.	[16]
Latvia	65	65	2025		[2]
Liechtenstein	65	65	2018		[5]
Lithuania	64 (and 6 months)	64	2023	In Lithuania, the retirement age will be 65 for both men and women by 2026.[2]	[2][17]
Luxembourg	65	65	2018		[1]
Malta	62	62	2015	In Malta the retirement age is to be increased gradually to 65 years by 2027.[2]	[2]
Moldova	63	59	2020	Retirement age for women is increasing every 6 months until it reaches 63 years in 2028.	[1]
Montenegro	66	64	2022		[1]
Netherlands	67	67	2025	The state pension for all elderly is being increased gradually and in 2028 the state pension age will be raised again, to 67 years and 3 months. For men and women born after January 1, 1999 the expected retirement age is 70 years old.[18] After 2022 it is linked to the average life expectancy.	[1][3][19]
North Macedonia	64	62	2011		[1]
Norway	67	67	2018	See also: Pensions in Norway The general retirement age is currently set to age 67, however, given sufficient pension contributions it is possible to retire as early as at age 62. The longer an individual postpones withdrawing a pension, the greater the government pension provision becomes.
Poland	65	60	2016
Portugal	66 (and 7 months)	66 (and 7 months)	2025		[20]
Romania	65	61	2019	The age for women is being increased gradually. It will reach 63 by 2030.[21]	[22]
Russia	63	58	2024	From 2019 the retirement age for men (women) would gradually increase from 60 (55) to 65 (60) years by 2028; first it was intended to hike the age for women to 63 but later the plan was softened.	[23][24]
Serbia	65	63 (and 8 months)	2024	By the year of 2032 retirement age for women will equalize with men and reach 65. Also it is possible to gain pension after 45 years of labour if that happens prior to 66th year of life for men or aged 61 years and 6 months for women. It would be at least 60 for both men and women, considering the fact that person is legally labour-eligible aged 15 in Serbia.[25]	[1]
Slovakia	64	64	2021		[26]
Slovenia	65	65	2018		[2]
Spain	66 (and 8 months)	66 (and 8 months)	2025	The age will be 67 by 2027.[2] See also: Pensions in Spain.	[1][3]
Sweden	66	66	2020, options age 62–68.	By 2026 it will be 67, with options age 64-69.
Switzerland	65	64	2022		[27][28][29]
Ukraine	60	60	2022
United Kingdom	66	66	2021	The retirement age is due to be increased to 67 by 2028 and 68 by 2046. See also: Pensions in the United Kingdom.	[30]

See also

• Pension
• Retirement
• Ageing of Europe
• Demographics of Europe
• Immigration to Europe
• Population decline
• Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe