Robert Payne Smith

Robert Payne Smith (7 November 1818 – 31 March 1895) was Regius Professor of Divinity at the University of Oxford and Canon of Christ Church from 1865 until 1870, when he was appointed Dean of Canterbury by Queen Victoria on the advice of William Ewart Gladstone.^[1]

The Very Reverend Robert Payne Smith
Dean of Canterbury
Church	Church of England
Diocese	Diocese of Canterbury
In office	1871 to 1895
Predecessor	Henry Alford
Successor	Frederic Farrar
Other post(s)	Regius Professor of Divinity, Oxford University (1865–1871)
Orders
Ordination	1843 (deacon) 1844 (priest)
Personal details
Born	(1818-11-07)7 November 1818 Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, England
Died	31 March 1895(1895-03-31) (aged 76) Canterbury, Kent, England
Nationality	British
Denomination	Anglicanism
Parents	Robert Smith and Esther Argles Payne
Spouse	Catherine Freeman
Children	Six
Profession	Clergyman and theologian

Early life and education

Payne Smith was born in Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, on 7 November 1818, the only son and second of four children of Robert Smith, a land agent, and his wife, Esther Argles Payne, of Leggsheath, Surrey. He attended Chipping Campden Grammar School and was taught Hebrew by his eldest sister, Esther. In 1837 he obtained an exhibition at Pembroke College, Oxford to study classics. In 1841 he graduated with second-class honours. Payne Smith won the Boden Sanskrit scholarship in 1840 and the Pusey and Ellerton Hebrew scholarship in 1843.

Career

In 1843, he became a fellow of Pembroke College and was ordained a deacon, and became a priest a year later.

He gave the 1869 Bampton Lectures at Oxford and he was a member of the Old Testament Revision Committee from 1870 until 1885, the whole duration of the committee's existence.

He provided the chapter on Genesis in Charles Ellicott's A Bible Commentary for English Readers^[2] (1877-84) and the chapter on Zechariah in The Bible Educator;^[3] (1870-74). He preached a series of sermons at Oxford beginning in 1858 which he later compiled into a commentary on Isaiah entitled The Authenticity and Messianic Interpretation of the Prophecies of Isaiah (1862).^[4]

His greatest work, however, was his editorship for the Oxford University Press of the great of Syriac-Latin lexicon, the Thesaurus Syriacus (1868–1901), on which he worked from its conception until his death when the editorship of the Thesaurus passed to his daughter, Jessie Payne Margoliouth,^[5] who abridged it into a Syriac-English dictionary, A Compendious Syriac Dictionary (1903), and who late in life published the Supplement to the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith (1927).

He died at his deanery on 31 March 1895 and was buried on 3 April in St Martin's churchyard, Canterbury.

Family

Robert and Catherine had six children:

• Robert Payne Smith, ( -1917) cleric.
• William Henry Payne Smith, assistant master at Rugby School.
• Catherine Elizabeth Payne Smith (1854-1944), married Alfred Mellor Watkin.
• Mary Payne Smith (1858-1927)
• Jessie Payne Smith (1856-1933), British Syriac scholar and campaigner for women's suffrage, married David Samuel Margoliouth.
• Esther Payne Smith (1861-1939), benefactor, educator and missionary at Pietermaritzburg.