Ruh al-Qudus (magazine)

The Persian-language journal Ruh al-Qudus (روح القدس; DMG: Rūḥ al-Qudus; "The Holy Spirit“) was published biweekly from 1907 to 1908 in Tehran in a total of 29 editions. The editor was Sultan al-'Ulama Khorasani (1839-1911), a Shiite religious scholar and political activist known for supporting the Constitutional Revolution in Iran (1905-1911) and for his criticism of Mohammed Ali Shah's government.^[1]

روح القدس

Editor	Sultan al-'Ulama Khorasani
Categories	Politics
Founded	1907
Final issue	1908
Country	Iran
Based in	Tehran
Language	Persian
Website	Rūḥ al-Qudus

The foundation of this revolutionary opposition journal aimed to publish opinions on prevailing political and social conditions and to openly criticize the inconveniences.^[2] Because of its not necessarily simple language, it is assumed that a more politically educated and oppositional readership should be reached.^[3]

Together with the magazines Musavat and Sur-e Esrafil, Ruh al-Qudus contributed significantly to the support of the Constitutional Revolution through its revolutionary and aggressive orientation.^[4] After Mohammed Ali Shah's accession to the throne and the counterrevolution in June 1908, the magazine, as many other Iranian press mediums, was finally banned.^[5]