Shugoshin 1

Shugoshin 1 or Shugoshin-like 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SGO1 gene.^[5][6][7]

SGO1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3FGA, 3Q6S, 4A0I
Identifiers
Aliases	SGO1, NY-BR-85, SGO, Sgo1, CAID, SGOL1, shugoshin 1
External IDs	OMIM: 609168; MGI: 1919665; HomoloGene: 23642; GeneCards: SGO1; OMA:SGO1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 3 (human)[1] Band 3p24.3 Start 20,160,593 bp[1] End 20,186,206 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 17 (mouse)[2] Band 17|17 C Start 53,981,814 bp[2] End 53,996,361 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in gonad ventricular zone buccal mucosa cell testicle ganglionic eminence bone marrow cell secondary oocyte stromal cell of endometrium appendix mucosa of transverse colon Top expressed in yolk sac tail of embryo genital tubercle secondary oocyte zygote embryo ventricular zone blastocyst otic vesicle embryo More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function kinase binding protein binding Cellular component centrosome spindle pole chromosome microtubule organizing center chromosome, centromeric region cytoskeleton nucleus kinetochore condensed chromosome, centromeric region cytoplasm nucleoplasm cytosol Biological process chromosome segregation meiotic chromosome segregation cell division cell cycle attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore centriole-centriole cohesion mitotic sister chromatid cohesion, centromeric Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 151648 72415 Ensembl ENSG00000129810 ENSMUSG00000023940 UniProt Q5FBB7 Q9CXH7 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001012409 NM_001012410 NM_001012411 NM_001012412 NM_001012413 NM_001199251 NM_001199252 NM_001199253 NM_001199254 NM_001199255 NM_001199256 NM_001199257 NM_138484 NM_028232 RefSeq (protein) NP_001012409 NP_001012410 NP_001012411 NP_001012412 NP_001012413 NP_001186180 NP_001186181 NP_001186182 NP_001186183 NP_001186184 NP_001186185 NP_001186186 NP_612493 NP_082508 Location (UCSC) Chr 3: 20.16 – 20.19 Mb Chr 17: 53.98 – 54 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Mechanisms

A physical mechanism that guarantees the accurate segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis arises from the ring shaped cohesin complex consisting of 4 subunits (SMC1A/B, SMC3, SCC1, and SA1/2 in humans). This complex encircles the two sister chromatids and resists the pulling force of microtubules.^[8] The characteristic X-shape chromosomes are formed due to the centromeric cohesin protected by Shugoshin-PP2A complex.^[9]

Kinetochore localization of Sgo1-PP2A is dependent upon phosphorylation on histone H2A of nucleosome, which is the important substrate of spindle checkpoint kinase BUB1.^[10] Centromeric cohesin and H2A-pT120 specify two distinct pools of Sgo1-PP2A at inner centromeres and kinetochores respectively,^[11] while the CDK1/cyclin B phosphorylation on Sgo1 is essential for Sgo1-PP2A to protect centromeric cohesin, not only for bringing PP2A to cohesin,^[12] but also physically shield out the negative regulator WAPAL from cohesin.^[13]