Monocarboxylate transporter 4

Monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) also known as solute carrier family 16 member 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC16A3 gene.^[5][6]

SLC16A3
Identifiers
Aliases	SLC16A3, MCT 3, MCT 4, MCT-3, MCT-4, MCT3, MCT4, solute carrier family 16 member 3
External IDs	OMIM: 603877; MGI: 1933438; HomoloGene: 37900; GeneCards: SLC16A3; OMA:SLC16A3 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 17 (human)[1] Band 17q25.3 Start 82,217,934 bp[1] End 82,261,129 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2] Band 11|11 E2 Start 120,839,306 bp[2] End 120,851,694 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in stromal cell of endometrium monocyte granulocyte blood nasal epithelium gastrocnemius muscle pericardium mucosa of transverse colon cartilage tissue tendon of biceps brachii Top expressed in muscle of thigh granulocyte epiblast triceps brachii muscle embryo medial head of gastrocnemius muscle knee joint embryo ankle skeletal muscle tissue More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding symporter activity RNA binding lactate transmembrane transporter activity monocarboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity Cellular component plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane nuclear membrane membrane integral component of membrane parallel fiber to Purkinje cell synapse integral component of postsynaptic density membrane Biological process monocarboxylic acid transport pyruvate metabolic process leukocyte migration transmembrane transport plasma membrane lactate transport transport lactate transmembrane transport Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 9123 80879 Ensembl ENSG00000141526 ENSMUSG00000025161 UniProt O15427 P57787 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001042422 NM_001042423 NM_001206950 NM_001206951 NM_001206952 NM_004207 NM_001038653 NM_001038654 NM_030696 RefSeq (protein) NP_001035887 NP_001035888 NP_001193879 NP_001193880 NP_001193881 NP_004198 NP_001035887.1 NP_001035888.1 NP_001193879.1 NP_001193880.1 NP_001193881.1 NP_004198.1 NP_001033742 NP_001033743 NP_109621 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 82.22 – 82.26 Mb Chr 11: 120.84 – 120.85 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Northern and western blotting and EST database analyses showed MCT4 to be widely expressed and especially so in glycolytic tissues such as white skeletal muscle fibers, astrocytes, white blood cells, chondrocytes, and some mammalian cell lines. Because of this, it has been proposed that the properties of MCT4 might be especially appropriate for export of lactate derived from glycolysis. MCT4 exhibits a lower affinity for most substrates and inhibitors than MCT1, with Km and Ki values some 5–10-fold higher. The high Km for pyruvate may be especially significant as this avoids loss of pyruvate from the cell which, were it to occur, would prevent removal of the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) produced in glycolysis by reduction of pyruvate to lactate.

MCT4 can be upregulated by HIF-1α and AMPK.^[7]

See also

• Monocarboxylate transporter
• Solute carrier family