Saxton with Scarthingwell

Saxton with Scarthingwell is a civil parish just south of Tadcaster in North Yorkshire, England. The parish contains the villages of Saxton and Scarthingwell, with two churches and the remains of a castle. Historically the area was a township, however it has been its own civil parish since 1866. Although the main part of the Battle of Towton was fought to the north out of the parish, some of the dead were interred in the parish, and at least one minor skirmish was fought within the parish boundaries.

Saxton with Scarthingwell
Civil parish
Crossroads near Scarthingwell
Saxton with Scarthingwell Location within North Yorkshire
Area	5.9 sq mi (15 km2) (2011 Census)[1]
Population	592 (2011 Census)[1]
• Density	100/sq mi (39/km2)
OS grid reference	SE491371
Unitary authority	North Yorkshire
Ceremonial county	North Yorkshire
Region	Yorkshire and the Humber
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	TADCASTER
Postcode district	LS24
Dialling code	01937
Police	North Yorkshire
Fire	North Yorkshire
Ambulance	Yorkshire
UK Parliament	Wetherby and Easingwold
List of places UK England Yorkshire 53.829°N 1.270°W / 53.829; -1.270

History

Saxton is mentioned in the Domesday Book as having a church, meadow and ploughlands, but Scarthingwell is not recorded as a name until 1202.^[2][3][4] Land in the parish was granted to Margaret Kirkton by Alice de Lacy in the late 13th century.^[5] The Church of St Mary in Lead was founded in 1292 by Roger de Saxton.^[6] The church, now known as a chapel, still exists, and though at times Lead was within the parish of Saxton with Scarthingwell (having been transferred from Ryther), it is now in its own civil parish.^[7]

The churchyard at Saxton contains at least one burial from the Battle of Towton who was interred after the battle – Randolph Dacre, who had been MP for Cumberland in 1442.^[8] Dacre fought on the side of the Lancastrians.^[9] Other bodies were interred at Saxton in 1745 (nearly 300 years later) when they were uncovered at the Towton battlefield site.^[10] Before the Battle of Towton, the Yorkist side advanced towards Towton Dale from the south, moving through the Saxton parish.^[11] In 2018, the boundaries of the battlefield were extended to also take in land within the Saxton parish. The site is recognised by Historic England as being of national importance.^[12]

The parish is the site of the smaller conflict of the Battle of Dintingdale, a minor fight on the same day as the Battle of Towton. Lord Clifford, fighting for the Lancastrian side, was killed at Dintingdale. The Battles of Ferrybridge, Dintingdale and Towton, were all held on the same day, but because of the casualties at Towton, it eclipses the other two.^[13][14] Historically, Towton was within the parish boundaries, and Saxton and Scarthingwell were a township in the parish.^[15][16]

The A162 road cuts through the parish on a north/south axis and connects the parish with Tadcaster in the north 4 miles (6.4 km), and Sherburn-in-Elmet to the south.^[17][18] Three bus routes totalling eight services per day connect the parish with Tadcaster and Sherburn.^[19][20][21] The nearest railway station is Church Fenton, some 3 miles (5 km) to the east.^[22]

Although now delisted from the main works, a section of the proposed HS2 railway line to York was projected to run through the far south-eastern corner of the parish.^[23][24]

Saxton Castle

The village holds the site of Saxton Castle, an 11th-century motte and bailey design, which has been damaged by being built upon since its demise.^[25]

Scarthingwell Hall

The hall was built in the 18th century for the Hawke family, with landscaping following in the same century.^[26][27][28] In 1854, a private chapel was built by the lake, which became the Church of the Immaculate Conception St John the Worker, a grade II listed building.^[29] Scarthingwell Hall was demolished in 1960, and a care home was built upon the site in 2022.^[30][31]

Governance

Historically, the parish was in the wapentake of Barkston Ash, in the West Riding of Yorkshire. Since 1974, the parish has been in North Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the Borough of Harrogate, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.^[32][33] The ancient parish of Saxton included the village of Towton and the land within what is now the civil parish of Lead. Saxton and Scarthingwell were classified as a township within the parish.^[34][35] Since 1866, it has been established as its own civil parish.^[36] In 1964, the parish covered an area of 1,101 hectares (4.3 sq mi),^[37] which by the 2011 Census was 1,527 hectares (5.9 sq mi).^[1] The area is represented at Parliament as part of the Wetherby and Easingwold.^[38]

Population

Population of Saxton with Scarthingwell 1801–2019^{[39][36][32][1][37][40]}

1801	1811	1821	1831	1841	1851	1861	1871	1881	1891	1901	1911	1921	1931	1951	1961	1971	2001	2011	2015	2019
362	318	378	407	427	371	360	359	322	316	300	292	312	267	299	294	381	514‡ [40]	592	550‡ [32]	615‡ [40]

‡ Estimated.

Notable residents

• William Crowe, poet and vicar, was incumbent at Saxton in the early 19th century.^[41]
• Edward Hawke, naval officer resided at Scarthingwell Hall^[42]
• The Hungate baronets, a baronetcy from Saxton.^[43]

Notes