Schendylops

Schendylops is the largest genus of centipedes in the family Schendylidae, containing more than 60 species.^[1][2] This genus was first proposed by the American biologist Orator F. Cook in 1899 for the type species originally named Schendyla grandidieri in 1897.^[3][4] Most species in this genus are found in the Neotropical region, but a dozen species are found in Africa and Madagascar.^[5] These species live in diverse habitats, ranging from sea level (e.g., in the Caribbean region) to high altitudes, e.g., at 4,500 m (14,800 ft) above sea level in the Andes mountains.^[5]

Schendylops
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Myriapoda
Class:	Chilopoda
Order:	Geophilomorpha
Family:	Schendylidae
Genus:	Schendylops Cook, 1899
Type species
Schendyla grandidieri (Saussure and Zehntner, 1897)
Synonyms
Koepckeiella Kraus, 1954 Nesondyla Chamberlin, 1950 Schendylota Chamberlin, 1950 Schendylurus Silvestri, 1907 Schendylurus (Ploutoschendylurus) Brölemann & Ribaut, 1912

Description

Centipedes in this genus feature two rows of filaments on the claws of the second maxillae, sternal pore fields on leg-bearing segments, two pores on each coxopleuron, and ultimate legs with seven segments but no claw.^[2][4][5] The pleurites of the second maxillae are not fused to the coxosternum.^[4][5] Species in this genus range from 1 to 7 cm (0.39 to 2.76 in) in length and have from 27 to 87 pairs of legs.^[2]

This genus is notable for including the two species that feature the fewest legs (27 pairs) in the order Geophilomorpha. Both of these species are found in Brazil: males in the species Schendylops ramirezi have only 27 pairs of legs, while females have 29, and males in the species S. oligopus have 27 or 29 (usually 29), while females have 31.^[5] Furthermore, S. ramirezi is one of only two species in this order in which females have only 29 leg pairs (the other species, Dinogeophilus oligopodus, has 29 in each sex).^[5] Both S. ramirezi and S. oligopus are also notable for their small sizes, reaching only 7 mm and 10 mm in length, respectively.^[5]

Females of the African species S. caledonicus have from 81 to as many as 87 pairs,^[6] the maximum recorded in this genus.^[2] This species is also notable for its large size, reaching 65 mm (2.6 in) in length.^[7] Other species in this genus noted for their large size include the Brazilian species S. demelloi and S. gounellei, which can each reach 70 mm (2.8 in) in length.^[8]

Species

This genus contains more than 60 species, including the following:^[1]

• Schendylops achalensis Pereira, 2008
• Schendylops amazonicus (Pereira, Minelli and Barbieri, 1994)
• Schendylops anamariae (Pereira, 1981)
• Schendylops andesicola (Chamberlin, 1957)
• Schendylops attemsi Verhoeff, 1900
• Schendylops australis Silvestri, 1907
• Schendylops bakeri (Chamberlin, 1914)
• Schendylops bolivianus (Silvestri, 1897)
• Schendylops borellii (Silvestri, 1895)
• Schendylops brasilianus (Silvestri, 1897)
• Schendylops caledonicus (Attems, 1928)
• Schendylops colombianus (Chamberlin, 1921)
• Schendylops continuus (Pereira, Minelli and Barbieri, 1995)
• Schendylops coscaroni (Pereira and Minelli, 1996)
• Schendylops demangei (Pereira, 1981)
• Schendylops demartini (Pereira and Minelli, 1996)
• Schendylops demelloi (Verhoeff, 1938)
• Schendylops dentifer Chamberlin, 1957
• Schendylops edentatus Kraus, 1957
• Schendylops elegantulus (Meinert, 1886)
• Schendylops fieldi (Chamberlin, 1944)
• Schendylops gounellei (Brölemann, 1902)
• Schendylops gracilis Attems, 1934
• Schendylops grandidieri (Saussure and Zehntner, 1897)
• Schendylops grismadoi Pereira, 2015
• Schendylops iguapensis (Verhoeff, 1938)
• Schendylops inquilinus Pereira, Uliana and Minelli, 2007
• Schendylops insolitus (Lawrence, 1960)
• Schendylops interfluvius (Pereira, 1984)
• Schendylops janauarius (Pereira, Minelli and Barbieri, 1995)
• Schendylops jeekeli Pereira, 2009
• Schendylops labbanus (Chamberlin, 1921)
• Schendylops lesnei (Brölemann and Ribaut, 1911)
• Schendylops lomanus Chamberlin, 1957
• Schendylops longitarsis (Silvestri, 1895)
• Schendylops luederwaldi (Brölemann and Ribaut, 1911)
• Schendylops madariagensis (Pereira, 1981)
• Schendylops marchantariae (Pereira, Minelli and Barbieri, 1995)
• Schendylops maroccanus (Attems, 1903)
• Schendylops mascarenicus (Lawrence, 1960)
• Schendylops mesopotamicus (Pereira, 1981)
• Schendylops minutus (Pereira and Minelli, 1993)
• Schendylops nealotus (Chamberlin, 1950)
• Schendylops oligopus (Pereira, Minelli and Barbieri, 1995)
• Schendylops olivaceus (Crabill, 1972)
• Schendylops pallidus (Kraus, 1955)
• Schendylops pampeanus (Pereira and Coscarón, 1976)
• Schendylops paolettii (Pereira and Minelli, 1993)
• Schendylops paraguayensis (Silvestri, 1895)
• Schendylops parahybae (Chamberlin, 1914)
• Schendylops paucidens Attems, 1939
• Schendylops paucispinus (Lawrence, 1960)
• Schendylops paulista (Brölemann, 1905)
• Schendylops perditus (Chamberlin, 1914)
• Schendylops peruanus (Turk, 1955)
• Schendylops placii (Pereira and Minelli, 1996)
• Schendylops polypus Attems, 1928
• Schendylops potosius (Chamberlin, 1956)
• Schendylops pumicosus (Demange, 1963)
• Schendylops ramirezi Pereira, 2013
• Schendylops schubarti Pereira, Foddai and Minelli, 2002
• Schendylops silvicola (Lawrence, 1960)
• Schendylops sublaevis (Meinert, 1870)
• Schendylops titicacaensis (Kraus, 1954)
• Schendylops tropicus (Brölemann and Ribaut, 1911)
• Schendylops turmalina Calvanese and Brescovit, 2019
• Schendylops varipictus (Chamberlin, 1950)
• Schendylops verhoeffi (Brölemann and Ribaut, 1911)
• Schendylops vingingordae (Crabill, 1960)