Shokufeh

Shokufeh (Persian: شكوفه, DMG: Šokufeh, meaning "Blossom") was a Persian-language women's magazine published in Tehran from 1913 to 1919.^[1] It was the second women's magazine in Iran, following Danesh, which had appeared briefly in 1910–1911. Shokufeh was issued on a biweekly basis and became an influential platform for women's issues during the late Qajar period.^[2]

Shokufeh

Categories	Women's magazine
Frequency	Biweekly
Publisher	Maryam Amid Mozayen ol-Saltaneh
Founded	1913
Final issue	1919
Country	Iran
Based in	Tehran
Language	Persian
Website	Shokufeh

The magazine was founded and edited by Maryam Amid Mozayen ol-Saltaneh, the daughter of Aqa Mirza Sayyed Razi Ra’is al-Atebba, a prominent medical advisor at the Qajar court.^[3] In addition to her editorial work, Mozayen ol-Saltaneh also established an Iranian feminist society (Anjoman Hemmat Khavatin) around the same time.^[4] The objectives of this society, which included the promotion of Iranian industry, education, science, and the arts among women, were regularly published in Shokufeh.^[5]

Initially, the magazine focused on subjects related to women, including equality, education, hygiene, child-rearing, and ethics.^[5] However, as the activities of the Iranian Women’s Society expanded, Shokufeh began addressing more political themes, such as national independence and the evolving role of women in Iranian society.^[6] Although the magazine claimed not to interfere in the political sphere dominated by men, its growing engagement with national issues occasionally brought it under censorship.^[3]

The publication of Shokufeh was discontinued following the death of Mozayen ol-Saltaneh in 1919.^[5]