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Nuphar advena
Species of aquatic plant From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Nuphar advena (spatterdock or cow lily or yellow pond-lily) is a species of Nuphar native throughout the eastern United States and in some parts of Canada, as well as Mexico and Cuba. It is locally naturalized in Britain.
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Description
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Nuphar advena is a perennial, aquatic herb[3] with spongy rhizomes[4] that are 5–10 centimetres (2–4 in) wide.[5] The leaves are mostly emergent,[6][7][8] but can also be floating, or submersed.[7] The submerged leaves are 12–40 cm (4+1⁄2–15+1⁄2 in) long and 7–30 cm (3–12 in) wide.[9]
The flowers are protogynous, fragrant, nectariferous,[10] solitary,[7][4] yellow-green,[7] and up to 4 cm wide.[5] They float on the water surface or extend beyond it.[7] The flowers have six sepals[8][5] while the gynoecium consists of 9–23 carpels.[5] The fruit is fleshy,[9] ovoid to broadly obovate,[8] ribbed, green, and 2–5 cm long and wide.[5] It contains 186–353 seeds,[10] which are 3–6 mm long.[5]
Cytology
The chromosome count is 2n = 34.[11] The chloroplast genome is 160866 bp long.[12]
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Taxonomy
It was first published as Nymphaea advena Aiton by William Aiton in 1789.[13][2][14] It was placed into the genus Nuphar Sm. as Nuphar advena (Aiton) W.T.Aiton published by William Townsend Aiton in 1811.[15][16] It is placed in the section Nuphar sect. Astylus.[17]
Natural hybridisation
In the United Kingdom, it has hybridised with Nuphar lutea, resulting in the hybrid Nuphar × porphyranthera.[8][18]
Etymology
The specific epithet advena means immigrant,[19][9] outsider, foreigner, or stranger.[20]
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Distribution and habitat
It is native to Canada (such as Nova Scotia),[5][21] the United States, Mexico, and Cuba.[3][2] It has been introduced to the United Kingdom.[3]
It occurs in ponds, lakes, streams, rivers,[6] marshes, and swamps.[7]
Ecology
The flowers are pollinated by sweat bees, syrphid flies, and leaf beetles.[10]
The seeds are eaten by turtles and waterfowl.[7]
Conservation
The NatureServe conservation status is T5 Secure.[1]
Uses
It is used as food.[22][23][9] The seeds are eaten or ground to flour.[22][23]
It is also cultivated as an ornamental plant.[24]
References
External links
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