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State visits by Xi Jinping to Vietnam, Malaysia and Cambodia
2025 Chinese diplomatic trip From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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From April 14–18, 2025, President of China and General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party Xi Jinping made state visits to Vietnam, Malaysia and Cambodia.[1] As the trade conflict between the U.S. and China escalates, China seeks to fortify relationships with European and Asian nations.[2][3]
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In December 2023, CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping conducted a state visit to Vietnam. In August 2024, Tô Lâm traveled to China on his inaugural international tour following his appointment as General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (Vietnam's top leader).[4] During this visit, the two nations released a joint statement aimed at further fortifying the Comprehensive Strategic Cooperative Partnership and advancing the establishment of a Vietnam–China Community with a Shared Future.[5]
On April 2, 2025, U.S. President Donald Trump unleashed "Reciprocal tariffs",[6] in which Cambodia faces tariffs as high as 49 percent, Vietnam 46 percent, and Malaysia 24 percent due to the global trade conflict initiated by Donald Trump,[7] prompting these nations to engage in negotiations with the United States.[8] China and Vietnam are anticipated to formalize over 40 agreements during the visit, including some pertaining to railroads. Furthermore, the two nations will execute accords pertaining to security and law enforcement.[2][9]
On April 8–9, 2025, the 2025 Central Conference on Work Related to Neighboring Countries was held in Beijing.[10][11] All seven members of the Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party—Xi Jinping, Li Qiang, Zhao Leji, Wang Huning, Cai Qi, Ding Xuexiang, and Li Xi—along with Vice President Han Zheng, participated in the meeting.[12][13][10] A statement issued post-meeting emphasized the surrounding nations as a crucial basis for China's development and prosperity.[14][10][15]
Two days later, on April 11, 2025, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China declared that Xi Jinping undertakes a state visit to Vietnam from April 14 to 15, 2025, at the invitation of Tô Lâm, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam, and Lương Cường, President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Xi Jinping conducted a state visit to Malaysia and Cambodia from April 15 to 18, 2025, at the invitation of Malaysia's Supreme Head Ibrahim and Cambodia's King Sihamoni.[16][17]
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Vietnam
On April 14, General Secretary Xi Jinping arrived in Hanoi, other Chinese Communist Party senior officials Cai Qi, Wang Yi, and Wang Xiaohong together visited Vietnam.[18][19] Xi was welcomed by President of Vietnam Lương Cường, Trần Cẩm Tú and Lê Hoài Trung, along with other Vietnamese Party and government officials.[20][21][22][23]
On the afternoon of April 14, the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam Tô Lâm conducted an elaborate welcoming ceremony for General Secretary Xi Jinping, followed by discussions between the two leaders. Subsequent to the discussions, the general secretaries of the two parties observed the presentation of 45 bilateral cooperation agreements signed by China and Vietnam,[24] encompassing domains such as connectivity, artificial intelligence, customs, inspection and quarantine, agricultural trade, culture and sports, public welfare, human resource development, and media.[25][26] The two parties released the Joint Declaration of the People's Republic of China and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam regarding the ongoing enhancement of their Comprehensive Strategic Partnership and the expedited development of the China-Vietnam Community of Strategic Significance.[27][28][29]
Meanwhile, on April 14, Cai Qi, the first Secretary of the CCP Central Committee's Secretariat, engaged in discussions with Trần Cẩm Tú, the Permanent Member of the Secretariat in Hanoi.[30] The two parties expressed their intent to enhance mutual understanding and appreciation of governance ideas and practices, foster pragmatic collaboration, reinforce the social foundation of Vietnam-China relations, and increase cooperation in international and regional matters.[31][32]
In the evening, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam, Tô Lâm, and Vietnamese President Lương Cường co-hosted a welcoming feast for Xi.[33] All prominent comrades, including all members of the Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam and the secretary of the CPCV's Secretariat, accompanied him. General Secretary Xi also convened with Chairman of the National Assembly of Vietnam Trần Thanh Mẫn and Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh at the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam.[34]
On the morning of April 15, Xi Jinping convened with President of Vietnam Lương Cường at the Presidential Palace.[35] Xi met Tô Lâm again, and the two parties reiterated their political commitment to collaboratively enhance the cause of global socialism, anticipated the comprehensive advancement of strategic cooperation between the nations towards the overarching objective of "six elevations," and expressed their dedication to countering external risks and challenges while upholding regional peace and stability, as well as international equity and justice.[36][37][29]
On the afternoon of April 15, Xi concluded his state visit to Vietnam. Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh, along with Trần Cẩm Tú, Le Hoai Trung, and other Vietnamese officials were present at the airport to bid farewell.[38]
Malaysia
On the evening of April 15, Xi Jinping landed in Kuala Lumpur to conduct a state visit to Malaysia at the invitation of the nation's supreme leader, Ibrahim Iskandar of Johor. Upon the arrival of Xi's plane at Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Prime Minister of Malaysia Anwar Ibrahim, Foreign Minister Mohamad Hasan, Minister of Transport Anthony Loke, and other top officials were present to greet Chinese visitors.[39]
On April 16, Malaysia's Supreme Head of State, Ibrahim Iskandar of Johor, convened a meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping at the Istana Negara, Jalan Tuanku Abdul Halim.[40] In the afternoon, President Xi and Prime Minister of Malaysia Anwar Ibrahim engaged in discussions at the Seri Perdana. After the meeting, the two leaders witnessed the exchange of over 30 bilateral cooperation agreements between China and Malaysia, encompassing collaboration on three significant global initiatives: the “Dialogue between Confucianism and Islamic Civilization” (儒伊文明对话), the digital economy, service trade, the enhancement and development of the “twin parks” (Malaysia–China Kuantan Industrial Park and China-Malaysia Qinzhou Industrial Park) of both nations, joint laboratories, artificial intelligence, railways, intellectual property rights, agricultural exports to China, mutual visa exemption, giant panda conservation, and additional domains.[41][42][43] The two parties released the Joint Declaration of the People's Republic of China and Malaysia on Establishing a High-Level Strategic China-Malaysia Community of Destiny.[44][45][46]
On the morning of April 17, President Xi Jinping completed his state visit to Malaysia. Prime Minister of Malaysia Anwar and Minister of Foreign Affairs Mohamed, together with Minister of Transportation Anthony Loke and other top officials, attended Kuala Lumpur International Airport to bid farewell.[47]
Cambodia
Xi arrived in Phnom Penh for a state visit to Cambodia on April 17, 2025.[48] King Sihamoni, and Prince Xakarpong, Princess Arun, and other royal family members, along with the President of the Cambodian People's Party Hun Sen, First Vice President of the National Assembly Cheam Yeab, and five Deputy Prime Ministers: Kuy Sophal, Prak Sokhonn, Hang Chuon Naron, Sar Sokha, and Hun Many—welcomed Xi at the airport. In the afternoon, King Sihamoni of Cambodia and Xi convened in the Royal Palace in Phnom Penh. Subsequently, President Xi Jinping convened a meeting with Hun Sen, the president of the Cambodian People's Party and the Senate, at the Peace Palace.[49][50][51]
On the evening of that day, Xi engaged in discussions with Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet. The two leaders concurred to collaborate in establishing a resilient China-Cambodia community of destiny in the coming era and proclaimed 2025 as the “Year of China-Cambodia Tourism.”[52] Subsequent to the discussions, the two presidents observed the signing of over 30 bilateral cooperation agreements, encompassing domains such as supply chain collaboration, artificial intelligence, developmental aid, customs, inspection and quarantine, health, and journalism.[53] The two parties released the Joint Statement of the People's Republic of China and the Kingdom of Cambodia regarding the establishment of a resilient China-Cambodia Community of Destiny in the New Era and the execution of three global initiatives.[54][55] Besides, Xi and Queen consort of Cambodia Norodom Monineath convened at the Royal Palace of Cambodia.[48][56]
On the morning of April 18, President Xi Jinping arrived back in Beijing following a state visit to Cambodia. Upon his departure from Phnom Penh, Hun Sen, along with Ouch Borith, First Vice-president of the Senate, and Cheam Yeab, First Vice-president of the National Assembly, bid him farewell.[57] In the afternoon, Xi returned to Beijing.[58]
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