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Structured literacy
System of teaching reading From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Structured literacy (SL), according to the International Dyslexia Association (which coined the term), is the systematic teaching of reading that focuses on the following elements: [7]
- Phonology: the sound structure of spoken words and Phonemic awareness (the ability to recognize, segment, blend, and manipulate sounds)
- Sound-symbol association: using the Alphabetic principle to connect sounds (phonemes) to letters (graphemes)
- Syllables: part of a word with one vowel sound, with or without a consonant (e.g., The word reading has two syllables, "read" and "ing".)
- Morphology: the smallest unit of meaning in a language (e.g., The word unbreakable has three morphemes, "un", "break", and "able".)
- Syntax: grammar, sentence structure, etc.
- Semantics: meaning.
SL is taught using the following principles:[1]
- Systematic: begin with the basic and easiest concepts and elements, and progress to the more difficult and complex
- Cumulative: each step builds on a previous step
- Explicit: direct teaching and continuous teacher-student interaction
- Multisensory: using different senses (e.g., visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and tactile) to enhance attention and memory
- Diagnostic: using informal and formal assessments to individualize instruction
The International Dyslexia Association provides a detailed outline of its Key Performance Standards of its Knowledge and Practice Standards for Teachers of Reading.[8]
It is beneficial for all early literacy learners, especially those with reading disabilities such as dyslexia.[14]
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Structured literacy vs. Balanced literacy
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SL has many of the elements of systematic phonics and few of the elements of balanced literacy. The following is an explanation of how Structured literacy is different from Balanced literacy:[1]
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