Surabaya metropolitan area

The Surabaya metropolitan area or Greater Surabaya, known locally as Gerbangkertosusila (Javanese: ꦒꦼꦂꦧꦁ​ꦏꦼꦂꦠꦱꦸꦱꦶꦭ, romanized: Gěrbangkěrtåsusila, from Gresik-Bangkalan-Mojokerto-Surabaya-Sidoarjo-Lamongan), is a metropolitan area in East Java, Indonesia. It is the country's second-largest metropolitan area, after the Jakarta metropolitan area. Gerbangkertosusila had also been used in presidential decree to refer to larger region which include Jombang, Bojonegoro, and Tuban.^[2]

Surabaya metropolitan area Gerbangkertosusila
Megacity and Megalopolis
Other transcription(s)
• Javanese	ꦒꦼꦂꦧꦁ​ꦏꦼꦂꦠꦱꦸꦱꦶꦭ Gerbangkertasusila
From top, left to right: Downtown Surabaya, aerial view of Gresik Regency, Mojokerto at night, Suramadu Bridge that connects Surabaya and Bangkalan Regency, Brahu Temple Trowulan in Mojokerto Regency, Gelora Delta Stadium in Sidoarjo Regency, a mangrove tree in Lamongan Regency and ISS view of Greater Surabaya during nighttime.
Country	Indonesia
Province	East Java
Core city	Surabaya
Satellite city	Mojokerto
Regencies	Gresik Regency Bangkalan Regency Mojokerto Regency Sidoarjo Regency Lamongan Regency
Area
• Metro	6,310.06 km2 (2,436.33 sq mi)
Population  (mid 2023 estimate)
• Urban	6,251,766
• Metro	9,958,656
• Metro density	1,600/km2 (4,100/sq mi)
GDP Megacity [1]
• GDP[n 1]	IDR 2,037,094 trillion (2023)
• Nominal	US$ 133.647 billion (2023)
• PPP	US$ 428.025 billion (2023)
Time zone	UTC+7 (Indonesia Western Time)
Postcodes	6xxxx
Area codes	(62)31, (62)321, (62)322
Vehicle sign	L, S, W
GDP metro	2023[1]
- Total	Rp 1,541.080 trillion US$ 101.105 billion US$ 323.805 billion (PPP)
- Per capita	Rp 130.624 million US$ 8,570 US$ 27,446 (PPP)
Highest elevation 3,339 m/10,955 ft (Arjuno-Welirang, in Mojokerto Regency)

Definition

Grebangkertosusila is an official acronym of "Gresik Bangkalan Mojokerto Surabaya Sidoarjo Lamongan", a main metropolitan or planning area in East Java consisting of the seven cities and regencies with those names (Mojokerto is both a city and a separate regency).^[3][4] It has an area of 6,310.06 km², and at the 2020 Census had a population of 9,924,509,^[5] rising to 9,975,878 according to the official estimates as at mid 2022.^[6]

The national government regards the Surabaya Metropolitan Area as including only Surabaya, Sidoarjo Regency, and Gresik Regency, known as "Zona Surabaya Raya".^[7] Gresik Regency includes Bawean Island, covering some 196 km² and lying north of Java; however Bawean Island is excluded from the Metropolitan Area.

Demographics

Population density of Java and Madura by subdistrict as of 2022, with major urban areas shown

Surabaya traditionally constituted Indonesia's second-largest metropolitan area, after Jakarta, but fast growing Bandung Metropolitan Area (in West Java) is since 2005 more populous. However, the extended metropolitan area of Surabaya is second in Indonesia only to Jabodetabek. The areas and populations at the 2010 Census,^[8] the 2020 Census^[9] and according to the official estimates for mid 2022,^[10] are shown below for the component parts of the metropolitan area.

Administrative Region	Area (km2) mid 2022	Pop'n 2010 Census	Pop'n 2020 Census	Pop'n mid 2023 estimate[11]	Density (per km2) mid 2023
Surabaya City	350.54	2,765,487	2,874,314	3,000,076	8,558
Gresik Regency (a)	1,193.76	1,177,042	1,311,215	1,296,688	1,086
Sidoarjo Regency	719.34	1,941,497	2,082,800	1,955,002	2,718
Zona Surabaya Raya	2,247.55	5,884,026	6,268,329	6,251,766	2,782
Bangkalan Regency	1,260.14	906,761	1,060,377	1,042,870	828
Mojokerto Regency	969.36	1,025,443	1,119,209	1,139,457	1,176
Mojokerto City	20.21	120,196	132,424	141,336	6,993
Lamongan Regency	1,812.80	1,179,059	1,344,170	1,383,227	763
Gerbangkertosusila	6,310.06	9,115,485	9,924,509	9,958,656	1,578

Note: (a) The island of Bawean, while part of Gresik Regency, is not technically part of the Metropolitan area; nevertheless for convenience the figures given here include Bawean.

Reference: Statistics Indonesia^[12]

Transportation

See also: Commuter rail in Surabaya, Suroboyo Bus, and Trans Semanggi Suroboyo

Surabaya metropolitan area has air connection via Juanda International Airport.

Surabaya metropolitan area has five commuter rail services with the network similar with KRL Commuterline in Jakarta metropolitan area. The services connects Surabaya city center to the neighboring cities and regency in the area.

The Suroboyo Bus city bus is serving Surabaya, using plastic waste as a form of payment. Ever since May 2022, however, direct payment using plastic bottles on the bus has been terminated and plastic waste has to be exchanged in designated points beforehand.^[13]

See also

• List of metropolitan areas by population
• Jakarta metropolitan area
• Semarang metropolitan area
• Bandung metropolitan area

Notes

1. Including Malang-Batu-Pasuruan